Question 1

Women seem to be protected against cardiovascular disease by __________ prior to menopause.&#10;A) melanin production&#10;B) melanocytes&#10;C) free radicals&#10;D) an estrogen umbrella

Accepted Answer

Prior to menopause, women have higher levels of estrogen, which is believed to provide a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. This is sometimes referred to as an "estrogen umbrella."

Question 2

After menopause, a women's risk for __________ increases.&#10;A) estrogen surplus&#10;B) cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis&#10;C) an estrogen umbrella&#10;D) periodontal disease

Accepted Answer

After menopause, the decrease in estrogen levels increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis in women.

Question 3

__________ theories propose that aging events are random, cumulative, and microscopic.&#10;A) Stochastic&#10;B) Nonstochastic&#10;C) Connective tissue&#10;D) Menopause inception

Accepted Answer

Stochastic theories propose that aging events are random, cumulative, and microscopic.

Question 4

The __________ proposes that chemical reactions bind molecular structures that work best when separate, which causes a change in the composition of soft tissue, thereby compromising their effectiveness.

A) stochastic theory
B) molecular structure theory
C) nonstochastic theory
D) free radical theory

Accepted Answer

The free radical theory suggests that chemical reactions involving free radicals can damage cells and tissues, leading to changes in their composition and function.

Question 5

The best preventive measure against periodontal disease is _________.&#10;A) prescription medication&#10;B) melanin&#10;C) good oral hygiene&#10;D) hormone replacement

Accepted Answer

Good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, is the most effective way to prevent periodontal disease.

Question 6

Due to presbycusis, adults in midlife occasionally miss consonant sounds found in _________.&#10;A) the lower frequencies&#10;B) the higher frequencies&#10;C) the midrange frequencies&#10;D) all frequencies

Accepted Answer

Presbycusis is age-related hearing loss that typically affects the ability to hear higher frequency sounds, including certain consonant sounds.

Question 7

Stochastic theories propose that aging is genetically programmed into the lives of cells.

Accepted Answer

Stochastic theories suggest that aging results from random damage to cells and tissues over time, not from genetic programming.

Question 8

The slow accumulation of damage to cell membranes by free radicals (the by-products of oxygen metabolism) is a stochastic theory.

Accepted Answer

The stochastic theory of aging suggests that random damage, such as that caused by free radicals, accumulates over time, leading to aging and age-related diseases.

Question 9

The ratio of lean body mass to fat increases with time.

Accepted Answer

The ratio of lean body mass to fat typically decreases with age due to factors like muscle loss and increased fat accumulation.

Question 10

Aging is considered a disease.

Accepted Answer

Aging is a natural biological process, not classified as a disease.

Deck 68: Middle Adulthood: Physical Health