Question 1

The process that entails children using words to construct a useful network of associations about things is called __________.&#10;A) encoding&#10;B) verbal coding&#10;C) maturation&#10;D) verbalization

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT something a researcher would be likely to examine when investigating the information processing theory that cognitive development occurs by the improvement of cognitive processes?

A) Which types of information children represent
B) How children process the types of information they represent
C) Which psychological mechanisms are responsible for cognitive changes
D) How strong the relationship is between the parents and the child

D

Accepted Answer

The strength of the relationship between parents and the child is not directly related to the cognitive processes or mechanisms that information processing theory focuses on.

Question 3

During the preschool years, the improvements that occur in both how much children remember and how they remember it are attributed to __________.&#10;A) maturation of encoding&#10;B) better parenting and an increase in peer pressure&#10;C) the explosion in language encoding capacity&#10;D) maturation of the neocortex and the explosion in language skills

Accepted Answer

During the preschool years, children's memory improvements are largely due to the maturation of the neocortex, which is responsible for higher-order brain functions, and the rapid development of language skills, which enhances their ability to encode and retrieve information.

Question 4

Many developmental psychologists believe that today's cognitive psychology is actually the psychology of children's __________.&#10;A) language skills&#10;B) encoding skills&#10;C) theory of mind&#10;D) attention and memory

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind is the ability to understand that other people have their own thoughts and feelings, and that these may be different from our own. It is a key developmental milestone that typically emerges around the age of 4.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true regarding children's memory?&#10;A) During the preschool years, children begin to develop efficient memory strategies such as rehearsal, organization, and retrieval.&#10;B) The memory skills of preschoolers are as efficient as those in older children.&#10;C) If the phone number is set to a familiar tune, children will remember it better because songs and music are stored whole in a different area of the brain.&#10;D) Preschoolers remember what they pay attention to and they pay attention to what is salient.

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers' memory skills are not as efficient as those of older children. Older children have more developed memory strategies and cognitive abilities.

Question 6

Information processing theorists believe that cognitive development occurs by the improvement of cognitive processes such as ___________.&#10;A) attention and memory&#10;B) language skills&#10;C) maturation of the neocortex&#10;D) networking skills

Accepted Answer

Information processing theorists focus on how children improve in their ability to process information, which includes enhancements in attention and memory.

Question 7

Theory of mind describes children's understanding of ___________.&#10;A) their own actions and behaviors&#10;B) their own information processing ability&#10;C) other people's language skills and encoding process&#10;D) other people's thoughts, desires, and emotional states

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind refers to the ability to attribute mental states such as thoughts, desires, and emotions to oneself and others, and to understand that others have beliefs and perspectives different from one's own.

Question 8

If a phone number is set to a familiar tune, young children will remember it better than they will remember seven digits because songs and music are stored whole in a different area of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Music and songs are processed in the brain's right hemisphere, which can aid memory retention by creating associations and patterns that are easier to recall than isolated numbers.

Question 9

Theory of mind is an ability that begins to emerge at about 5 to 6 years of age.

Accepted Answer

Theory of mind typically begins to emerge around 4 years of age, when children start to understand that others can have different thoughts and feelings from their own.

Question 10

Studies have shown that early-childhood children possess far less intellectual competence than Piaget believed.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that young children are often more competent than Piaget's theories suggested, particularly in areas like understanding object permanence and causal reasoning.

Question 11

The nature of the task used to investigate how children think can influence the results.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nature of the task used to...

Deck 33: Cognitive Development II