Deck 5: Toward a Psychology of Stress

Question 1

Which of the following defense mechanisms is not commonly associated with the psychology of everyday stress?

A) Denial
B) Narcissism
C) Projection
D) Rationalization

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Freud would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) Defense mechanisms are distortions of reality.
B) All humans have some level of innate stress.
C) All humans operate at an instinctual level.
D) Defense mechanisms are conscious volitions.
E) Defense mechanisms are distortions of reality and all humans operate at an instinctual level.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to Freud, the source of stress stems from an overactive:

A) id.
B) libido.
C) ego.
D) alter ego.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to Carl Jung, the unconscious mind is well versed in this method of articulating itself.

A) Analytical thinking
B) Rational thinking
C) Linear thinking
D) Symbolic thinking

Question 5

The term psychic equilibrium means:

A) excellent dream recall and interpretation.
B) unity of conscious and unconscious minds.
C) excellent premonition skills.
D) unity of right- and left-brain communication skills.
E) unity of conscious and unconscious minds and excellent premonition skills.

Question 6

The concept of "individuation" was coined by this person.

A) Leo Buscaglia
B)Carl G. Jung
C) Martin Seligman
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 7

Jung would agree with which of the following statements?

A) All humans operate at an instinctual level.
B) The unconscious mind is distinct to each individual.
C) Stress is unconscious tension to screen unconscious thoughts.
D) The conscious mind rejects that which it does not know.

Question 8

The term "individuation" refers to:

A) building one's level of self-esteem.
B) a strong ego defense against stress.
C) the process of self-reflection toward wholeness.
D) the process of self-actualization and enlightenment.

Question 9

Jung would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) Dreams have a definite purposeful idea.
B) Dreams are created in a language all their own.
C) Dreams can help resolve stressors.
D) Dreams are a fabrication of the unconscious mind.

Question 10

Originally defined, "active imagination" is:

A) a form of art therapy.
B) a relaxation technique using mental imagery.
C) distorting a stressor into a catastrophe.
D) conscious imagination to complete dream sequences.

Question 11

Kübler-Ross's original order of the grieving stages is:

A) anger, denial, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.
B) depression, anger, denial, bargaining, and acceptance.
C) bargaining, anger, depression, denial, and acceptance.
D) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Question 12

Which of the following did Kübler-Ross consider to be essential to resolving grief and finding inner peace?

A) Crying
B) Support groups
C) Self-reflection
D) Anger management
E) Talk therapy

Question 13

Kübler-Ross would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) Bargaining is the last stage of the grieving process.
B) For some, one of the first four stages can be skipped.
C) Self-reflection is ideal for the resolution process.
D) The process of acceptance can be a painful one.

Question 14

Tragic optimism is:

A) finding or making the best of a terrible situation.
B) a fatalistic denial created by false hope during stressful times.
C) a defense mechanism to protect the ego from devastating suffering.
D) emotional grieving experienced by concentration camp prisoners.
E) a distortion of reality based on projection.

Question 15

Logotherapy is a therapy where one:

A) undergoes hypnosis to change behaviors.
B) relives the suffering of a traumatic experience.
C) attempts to find meaning in one's life.
D) regresses to early childhood to uncover problems.

Question 16

Frankl's theory differed from Freud's in that:

A) Freud based all human behavior on suppressed sexual desire.
B) Frankl lived long enough to see his theory come to pass.
C) Frankl looked to one's future, whereas Freud looked at one's past.
D) Freud studied one's family, whereas Frankl studied human history.

Question 17

Dr. Wayne Dyer would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) Guilt and worry immobilize our thought processes.
B) Guilt can be productive if it prevents worrying.
C) People tend to equate worrying with love and caring.
D) Guilt and worry are unproductive emotional states of consciousness.

Question 18

Leo Buscaglia would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) To give love, you must possess love.
B) The will to love is an attitude of choice.
C) Love is innate to all human beings.
D) To love others, you must first love yourself.

Question 19

According to Buscaglia, a person's X-factor is:

A) the innate possession of unconditional self-acceptance.
B) the ability to love even without the desire to love.
C) the special quality that makes every person unique.
D) the human ability to love others unconditionally.
E) the innate possession of unconditional self-acceptance and the ability to love even without the desire to love.

Question 20

According to Maslow, the following are among the traits cited in the self-actualized individual.

A) Optimism, independence, imagination, and humbleness
B) Creativity, a sense of humor, acceptance, and mystical sensations
C) Human kinship, enculturation, creativity, and a democratic character
D) Problem centering, spontaneity, compassion, and imagination

Question 21

This psychologist's concept of the hierarchy of needs nicely mirrors the concept of the chakra system.

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Leo Buscaglia
D) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
E) Abraham Maslow

Question 22

Positive psychology is based on these three aspects.

A) The symbiosis of nature, nurture, and karma
B) The inspiration of environment, culture, and attitude
C) Purpose in life, meaning in life, and fulfillment of purpose
D) The influence of parents, grandparents, and siblings
E) The study of happiness, positive virtues, and positive institutions

Question 23

Positive psychology originator, Martin Seligman, attributes the roots of psychosis and neurosis to which of the following?

A) Poor parenting
B) Poor nutrition
C) Genetics (DNA)
D) Religious dogma
E) None of these is correct.

Question 24

Suggesting that his happiness theory has fallen short, Martin Seligman now suggests that which of the following factors must be included in the field of positive psychology?

A) Earning a sustainable income
B) Over 100 friends on Facebook
C) Actively engaged in social media
D) A purposeful meaning in life

Question 25

The work of Martin Seligman (positive psychology) is most like:

A) Carl Jung's.
B) Sigmund Freud's.
C) Kübler-Ross'.
D) Abraham Maslow's.

Question 26

From a Tibetan perspective of mind and stress, stress is believed to be a consequence of:

A) karma.
B) desires.
C) others.
D) external conditions.
E) All of these are correct.
F) None of these is correct.

Question 27

The most common theme among theorists regarding the psychology of stress is:

A) love.
B) fear.
C) denial.
D) self-awareness.
E) ego.

Question 28

Freud was of the opinion that stress was an innate part of the human condition and, consequently, never fully resolvable.

Question 29

Freud suggested that humor might be the most advanced defense mechanism because it could increase pleasure and decrease pain at the same time.

Question 30

According to Jung, at some level of consciousness, all minds connect at one point-the collective unconscious.

Question 31

"Individuation" is a term that represents a dominant ego.

Question 32

Jung believed that only recurring dreams were of significance to resolving stress-related issues.

Question 33

Kübler-Ross believed that the progression of grieving stages is non-linear. One can oscillate back and forth between stages and even skip a stage.

Question 34

Kübler-Ross's idea of grieving through expectations is very similar to the Tibetan concept of attachments and desires that cause suffering.

Question 35

Like Jung, Viktor Frankl saw stress and suffering as a spiritual growth process.

Question 36

Noo-dynamics is a term related to obsessive guilt and worry.

Question 37

According to Dr. Wayne Dyer, stressors fall into one of two categories: guilt or worry.

Question 38

The basic premise to Leo Buscaglia's work is that we must be taught to love by our parents.

Question 39

Of all the characteristics that comprise the self-actualized person, Abraham Maslow believed that creativity was less important than the others.

Question 40

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is very similar to the concept of the chakra system.

Question 41

The work of Martin Seligman (positive psychology) is most like Carl Jung's.

Question 42

The Tibetan perspective on stress distinguishes the mind as a combination of the self (false self) and the Self (higher self).

Question 43

Briefly explain the premise of the Toward a Psychology of Stress theories suggested by the following theorists: Freud, Jung, Kübler-Ross, Frankl, Dyer, Buscaglia, Seligman, and Maslow. Then compare the similarities of these theories, and synthesize a one-paragraph summary on the Toward a Psychology of Stress.

Question 44

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Logotherapy

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 45

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Self-actualization

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 46

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Collective unconscious

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 47

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Rationalization

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 48

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Positive psychology

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 49

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Grieving stages

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 50

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-The X-factor

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 51

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Instinctual tension

A) Victor Frankl
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Carl Jung
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Martin Seligman
F) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross
G) Leo Buscaglia
H) Sigmund Freud

Question 52

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Psychic equilibrium

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 53

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Left-over guilt

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 54

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Individuation

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 55

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Noo-dynamics

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 56

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Active imagination

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 57

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Tragic optimism

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 58

Match the following psychological theories with the individual who is attributed with creating it. You may use a name more than once.
-Withdrawal

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Victor Frankl
D) Elizabeth Kübler-Ross

Question 59

Please define the following terms or concepts in no more than two sentences, and give an example to support your definition.
A. Active imagination
B. Collective unconscious
C. Defense mechanisms
D. Denial
E. Desires
F. Displacement
G. Ego
H. Hierarchy of needs
I. Humor
J. Individualization
K. Instinctual tension
L. Leftover guilt
M. Logotherapy
N. Love
O. Meta-disease
P. Mystic (peak) sensation
Q. Noo-dynamics
R. Personal unconscious
S. Positive psychology
T. Projection
U. Psychic equilibrium
V. Rationalization
W. Repression
X. Self-actualization
Y. Self-esteem
Z. Self-imposed guilt
AA. Stages of death
AB. Stages of grieving
AC. Theory of motivation
AD. The self
AE. Tragic optimism
AF. X-factor

Question 60

Briefly explain the premise of the psychology of stress theories suggested by the following theorists: Freud, Jung, Kübler-Ross, Frankl, Dyer, Buscaglia, Seligman, and Maslow. Then compare the similarities of these theories, and synthesize a one-paragraph summary on the psychology of stress.

Question 61

When it comes to stress, the elephant in the room is the Ego. Please outline the ego-stress connection (from perceptions/threats to ways the ego perpetuates control with behaviors that perpetuate stress.

Question 62

Leo Buscaglia would not agree with which of the following statements?

A) To give love you must possess love.
B) The will to love is an attitude of choice.
C) Love is innate to all human beings.
D) To love others, you must first love yourself.

Question 63

According to Maslow, which of the following are among the traits cited in the self-actualized individual?

A) Optimism, independence, imagination, and humbleness
B) Creativity, sense of humor, acceptance, and mystical sensations
C) Human kinship, enculturization, creativity, and democratic character
D) Problem centering, spontaneity, compassion, and imagination

Question 64

Positive psychology is based on what three aspects?

A) The symbiosis of nature, nurture, and karma
B) The inspiration of environment, culture, and attitude
C) Purpose in life, meaning in life, and fulfillment of purpose
D) The influence of parents, grandparents, and siblings
E) The study of happiness, positive virtues, and positive institutions

Question 65

Positive psychology's originator, Martin Seligman, attributes the roots of psychosis and neurosis to:

A) poor parenting.
B) poor nutrition.
C) genetics (DNA)
D) religious dogma.
E) None of these is correct.

Question 66

Which psychologist's concept of the hierarchy of needs nicely mirrors the concept of the chakra system?

A) Carl Jung
B) Wayne Dyer
C) Leo Buscaglia
D) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
E) Abraham Maslow

Question 67

From a Tibetan perspective of mind and stress, stress is believed to be a consequence of:

A) karma.
B) desires.
C) others.
D) external conditions.
E) All of these are correct.

Question 68

Suggesting that his happiness theory has fallen short, Martin Seligman now suggests that what factor must be included in the field of positive psychology?

A) Earning a sustainable income
B) Having more than 100 friends on Facebook
C) Actively engaging in social media
D) Following a purposeful meaning in life

Question 69

According to Jung, at some level of consciousness all minds connect at one point-the collective unconscious.

Question 70

Individuation is a term that represents a dominant ego.

Question 71

Of all the characteristics that comprise the self-actualized person, Abraham Maslow believed that creativity was less important than the others.