Deck 10: Pharmacotherapy in Critical Care

Question 1

Which component of pharmacokinetics describes the movement of a drug from the bloodstream to the site of action?

A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Elimination

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following routes of administration is fastest?

A) PO
B) SC
C) IM
D) IV

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is true about inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) used to treat preterm infants with pulmonary disease?

A) iNO improves survival rates.
B) iNO may lead to decreased hospital stay.
C) iNO may increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage.
D) iNO may increase risk of GI signs and symptoms.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which aerosolized antimicrobial is used to prevent Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients who are HIV-positive?

A) Pentamidine
B) Tobramycin
C) Amphotericin B
D) Gentamycin

Question 5

The AARC Clinical Practice Guideline on endotracheal suctioning recommends instillation of which of the following prior to suctioning?

A) Acetylcysteine
B) Normal saline
C) Hypotonic saline
D) None of these is correct.

Question 6

Hypnotics to treat insomnia are typically prescribed for which of the following lengths of time?

A) No more than 1 week
B) 2 to 4 weeks
C) 6 to 8 weeks
D) Indefinitely

Question 7

Which of the following agents is the most commonly used parenteral anesthetic and is often used in ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation to maintain coma?

A) Benzodiazepines
B) Opioids
C) Propofol
D) Ketamine

Question 8

Aspirin should not be used in children younger than 15 years who have a viral infection due to the risk of which of the following?

A) Reye's syndrome
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Cross tolerance
D) Liver failure

Question 9

Which of the following drugs, often used to facilitate endotracheal intubation, is the fastest-acting/shortest-duration neuromuscular blocking agent?

A) Tubocurarine
B) Pancuronium
C) Vecuronium
D) Succinylcholine

Question 10

Which of the following reversal agents is used when a patient has overdosed on opioids?

A) Edrophonium
B) Naloxone
C) Flumazenil
D) Sugammdex

Question 11

Which adrenergic receptors result in cardiac stimulation?

A) Alpha-1
B) Alpha-2
C) Beta-1
D) Beta-2

Question 12

Which of the following is the most common cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers?

A) Helicobacter pylori
B) Spicy food
C) Presence of a nasogastric tube
D) Psychological stress

Question 13

Which of the following terms describes a drug that stimulates a receptor site, mimicking the body's function?

A) Antagonist
B) Agonist
C) Partial agonist
D) Protagonist

Question 14

Which of the following is considered standard monitoring during procedural sedation and analgesia?

A) Pulse oximetry
B) Level of sedation
C) Vital signs
D) All of these are correct.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true about drugs used to prevent delirium?

A) The most effective drug for the prevention of delirium is haloperidol.
B) The most effective drug for the prevention of delirium is risperidone.
C) The most effective drugs for the prevention of delirium are a combination of haloperidol and risperidone.
D) No pharmacologic intervention, used alone or in a group, reliably prevents delirium.

Question 16

Which of the following is the standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

A) Statins
B) Anticoagulants
C) Calcium channel blockers
D) Alpha-adrenergics

Question 17

Which type of diuretic is the most effective?

A) Loop
B) Thiazide and related medications
C) Potassium-sparing
D) All of these are equally effective.

Question 18

All but which of the following drugs may lead to acquired methemoglobinemia?

A) Dapsone
B) Benzocaine spray
C) Propofol
D) Nitroprusside

Question 19

According to the medical literature, which delivery device is the most effective when administering aerosol therapy via mechanical ventilation?

A) Metered-dose inhaler
B) Nebulizer
C) Neither the metered-dose inhaler nor the nebulizer are effective.
D) The metered dose inhaler and the nebulizer are equally effective.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Most drugs are metabolized in the liver and eliminated via the kidneys.
B) Most drugs are metabolized in the kidneys and eliminated via the liver.
C) Most drugs are metabolized by and eliminated via the liver.
D) Most drugs are metabolized by and eliminated via the kidneys.