Deck 1: Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Question 1

How many bones are there in the adult axial skeleton?

A) 206
B) 80
C) 54
D) 126

Answer 1

80

Question 2

Which of the following is a secondary growth center for endochondral ossification?

A) Diaphysis
B) Epiphyses
C) Metaphysis
D) Articular cartilage

Answer 2

Epiphyses

Question 3

What is the name of the small oval-shaped bone found in tendons?

A) Wormian
B) Tendinous
C) Irregular bones
D) Sesamoid bones

Answer 3

Sesamoid bones

Question 4

What type of tissue covers internal and external surfaces of the body?

A) Muscular
B) Connective
C) Nervous
D) Epithelial

Question 5

The lowest level of structural organization in the human body is the _____ level.

A) molecular
B) cellular
C) chemical
D) atomic

Question 6

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

A) Radius
B) Hip bone
C) Clavicle
D) Sternum

Question 7

Which of the following bones is classified as a long bone?

A) Carpal bone
B) Scapula
C) Cranium
D) Humerus

Question 8

Which of the following systems of the human body includes all ductless glands of the body?

A) Endocrine
B) Integumentary
C) Muscular
D) Glandular

Question 9

How many separate bones are found in the adult human body?

A) 181
B) 215
C) 206
D) 236

Question 10

A body system consists of an association of organs that share a common function.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a functional classification of joints?

A) Synarthrosis
B) Amphiarthrosis
C) Cartilaginous
D) Diarthrosis

Question 12

What is the name of the dense fibrous membrane that covers bone?

A) Cancellous portion
B) Periosteum
C) Diploë
D) Medullary portion

Question 13

What is the primary center for bone growth termed?

A) Epiphyses
B) Diaphysis
C) Metaphysis
D) Epiphyseal plate

Question 14

Which of the following bones is classified as a short bone?

A) Vertebrae
B) Phalanges (toes)
C) Scapulae
D) Carpal (wrist bones)

Question 15

What type of tissue binds together and supports the various structures of the body?

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscular
D) Nervous

Question 16

Which aspect of the long bones is responsible for the production of red blood cells?

A) Compact bone
B) Periosteum
C) Medullary cavity
D) Spongy or cancellous bone

Question 17

How many individual body systems comprise the human body?

A) 22
B) 13
C) 10
D) 8

Question 18

Which system of the human body is responsible for the elimination of solid waste?

A) Circulatory
B) Respiratory
C) Urinary
D) Digestive

Question 19

Examples of "flat" bones are the:

A) calvaria, ribs, scapulae, and sternum.
B) ribs, sternum, patella, and ilia of pelvis.
C) sternum, scapulae, ilia of pelvis, and base of cranium.
D) sternum and ilia of pelvis only.

Question 20

Which of the following body systems helps to regulate body temperature?

A) Circulatory
B) Urinary
C) Endocrine
D) Nervous

Question 21

A lateromedial projection is one in which the lateral aspect of the anatomy part is closest to the image receptor (IR).

Question 22

A patient is lying on her back facing the x-ray tube.The right side of her body is turned 20° toward the image receptor.What is this radiographic position?

A) LPO (left posterior oblique)
B) RPO (right posterior oblique)
C) RAO (right anterior oblique)
D) LAO (left anterior oblique)

Question 23

A patient is lying on her back.The x-ray tube is horizontally directed with the CR entering the right side of the body.The image receptor is adjacent to the left side of the body.What is the radiographic position?

A) Left lateral decubitus
B) Left lateral
C) Right lateral decubitus
D) Dorsal decubitus

Question 24

What type of projection is created with the CR directed along or parallel to the long axis of the body?

A) Axial
B) Tangential
C) Lordotic
D) Transthoracic

Question 25

The structural term for a freely movable joint is:

A) fibrous.
B) cartilaginous.
C) synovial.
D) gomphosis.

Question 26

The vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves describes the _____ plane.

A) coronal
B) median or midsagittal
C) longitudinal
D) horizontal

Question 27

A position in which the head is lower than the feet is:

A) Trendelenburg.
B) lithotomy.
C) Fowler's.
D) recumbent.

Question 28

A patient is erect with the left side directly against the image receptor.The central ray (CR)enters the right side of the body.What is this radiographic position?

A) Right lateral
B) Left lateral decubitus
C) Left lateral
D) Dorsal decubitus

Question 29

Which term describes the back or posterior aspect of the hand?

A) Dorsum pedis
B) Dorsum manus
C) Palmar
D) Volar

Question 30

A representation of the patient's anatomic structures that can be obtained,viewed,manipulated,and stored digitally is the definition for:

A) radiograph.
B) radiography.
C) radiographic image.
D) radiographic examination.

Question 31

A recumbent oblique position in which the patient is lying on the left anterior side rotated anteriorly,with the right knee and thigh flexed is termed:

A) Trendelenburg.
B) left posterior oblique.
C) Sims' position.
D) Fowler's position.

Question 32

Which of the following joints is NOT a synovial joint?

A) Skull suture
B) Elbow joint
C) Hip joint
D) Proximal radioulnar joint

Question 33

Which of the following terms describes the sole of the foot?

A) Palmar
B) Dorsum
C) Volar
D) Plantar

Question 34

Which of the following is classified as a bicondylar joint?

A) Shoulder joint
B) Temporomandibular joint
C) First and second cervical vertebra joint
D) Distal radioulnar joint

Question 35

A patient is erect facing the image receptor.The left side of the body is turned 45° toward the image receptor.The CR enters the posterior aspect of the body and exits the anterior.What is this radiographic position?

A) LAO
B) LPO
C) Left lateral
D) Posteroanterior (PA)

Question 36

Which of the following joints displays a "hinge" type of movement?

A) Trochoid
B) Ellipsoidal
C) Sellar
D) Ginglymus

Question 37

An upright position with the arms abducted,palms forward,and head forward describes the _____ position.

A) anteroposterior (AP)
B) decubitus
C) anatomic
D) oblique

Question 38

Which term describes lying down in any position?

A) Horizontal
B) Fowler's
C) Recumbent
D) Anatomic

Question 39

Which of the following is classified as a sellar joint?

A) Ankle joint
B) Temporomandibular joint
C) Knee joint
D) Intercarpal joint

Question 40

A longitudinal plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the _____ plane.

A) midcoronal
B) midsagittal
C) horizontal
D) oblique

Question 41

Which of following is NOT one of the evaluation criteria used in the evaluation of images?

A) Patient condition
B) Anatomy demonstrated
C) Collimation and CR
D) Exposure criteria

Question 42

The term position can be used for both a lateral and an oblique body position.

Question 43

It is legally acceptable to write "right" or "left" on a radiograph if the anatomic side marker is not visible.

Question 44

The radiographic term projection is defined as:

A) general position of the patient.
B) path or direction of the central ray.
C) radiographic image as seen from the vantage of the image receptor.
D) computer-assisted image.

Question 45

What is the general term for a position in which the long axis of the body is angled in relationship to the image receptor rather than the central ray (e.g.,special chest projection)?

A) Axial
B) Trendelenburg
C) Decubitus
D) Lordotic

Question 46

Which of the following terms is the opposite of ipsilateral?

A) Medial
B) Deviation
C) Contralateral
D) Axiolateral

Question 47

Radiographic view is NOT a valid positioning term in the United States.

Question 48

Moving the foot and toes downward is:

A) eversion.
B) inversion.
C) dorsiflexion.
D) plantar flexion.

Question 49

The radiographer may provide a preliminary interpretation of the radiographic study if requested by the patient.

Question 50

According to the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)Code of Ethics,a radiologic technologist may render a diagnosis during a radiographic examination if requested by the patient.

Question 51

Tangential and axial projections are the same type of projection.

Question 52

A patient enters the emergency department (ED)with a piece of wire in the palm of the hand.What is the minimum number of projections required to be taken for this radiographic study?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four or more

Question 53

According to the ARRT Code of Ethics,a radiologic technologist may discuss any patient's clinical history with another health professional.

Question 54

The opposite term for supination is:

A) protraction.
B) adduction.
C) pronation.
D) retraction.

Question 55

According to the ARRT Code of Ethics,radiologic technologists must participate in continuing education activities throughout their professional career.

Question 56

Which of the following positions is often used to insert a rectal enema tip before a barium enema study?

A) Fowler's
B) Modified Sims'
C) Lithotomy
D) Trendelenburg

Question 57

The radiographer has the responsibility of communicating with the patient to obtain pertinent clinical information.

Question 58

A dorsoplantar projection would be a radiographic study of:

A) any anatomic region.
B) the hand.
C) the foot.
D) the skull.

Question 59

A projection in which the CR skims a body part is termed:

A) tangential.
B) lordotic.
C) axial.
D) decubitus.

Question 60

Movement in the form of a circle is the definition for:

A) rotation.
B) retraction.
C) circumduction.
D) protraction.

Question 61

The top of the foot is placed against the image receptor with the perpendicular central ray entering the sole of the foot.What specific projection has been performed?

A) Transpedal
B) Plantodorsal
C) Axial dorsoplantar
D) Tangential plantodorsal

Question 62

The amount of blackness seen on a processed radiograph is called:

A) fog.
B) scatter.
C) contrast.
D) density.

Question 63

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a study of the knee?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 64

What is the final step taken before making the exposure during a positioning routine?

A) Image receptor centering
B) Placing anatomic markers on image receptor
C) Ensuring correct gonadal shield placement
D) Collimation adjustments

Question 65

It is common practice to view a PA projection with the patient's left facing the viewer's right.

Question 66

A patient is erect with his left side of the chest placed against the image receptor.The central ray enters the left side of the upper chest and exits the right.Which specific position has been performed?

A) Dorsal decubitus
B) Transthoracic lateral
C) Right lateral
D) Ventral decubitus

Question 67

When placing radiographs of the hand on the view box,the digits should be pointing upward.

Question 68

When placing radiographs of the lower leg,the toes of the foot must be pointing upward.

Question 69

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a postreduction (to realign a fracture)study of the ankle?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 70

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a study of the right hip?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 71

The patient is lying on her right side on a cart.The anterior surface of the patient is against the image receptor.A horizontal central ray enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior surface of the body.What specific projection/position has been performed?

A) AP
B) PA
C) Right lateral decubitus
D) Left lateral decubitus

Question 72

The patient's head and neck are hyperextended with the top of the skull directly against the image receptor.The central ray enters just below the chin.Which specific projection has been performed?

A) Submentovertical
B) Acanthioparietal
C) Parietoacanthial
D) Verticosubmental

Question 73

Decubitus chest projections are placed for viewing the way the image receptor "sees" them.

Question 74

A patient is erect facing the x-ray tube and leaning the shoulders backward 20° to 30° toward the IR.The central ray is perpendicular to the IR.What specific position has been performed?

A) Lordotic
B) Axial
C) Kyphotic
D) Tangential

Question 75

When viewing a CT (computed tomography)or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)image,the patient's right is facing the viewer's left.

Question 76

Which of the following radiographic procedures often only requires a single AP projection be taken?

A) Finger
B) Ribs
C) Chest
D) Pelvis

Question 77

Which of the following factors primarily controls radiographic density in the analog image?

A) kV
B) mAs
C) Film-screen speed
D) Optimal immunomodulating dose (OID)

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT one of the four image quality factors of an analog radiograph?

A) Contrast
B) Detail
C) Source image receptor distance (SID)
D) Distortion

Question 79

PA or AP oblique projections are placed on the view box with the patient's right side of the body facing the viewer's right.

Question 80

What is the minimal number of projections taken for a study of the femur?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four