Deck 1: Introduction to Computer Programming

Question 1

The smallest and most basic data item in a computer is a byte.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Main memory is volatile; whatever is stored in it is lost when the computer's power is turned off.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The ALU of a computer directs and monitors the overall operation of the computer.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

CPUs are constructed as a single microchip, which is referred to as a microprocessor.

Question 5

A direct access storage device (DASD) allows a computer to read or write any one file or program independent of its position on the storage medium.

Question 6

A floppy disk consists of either a single rigid platter or several platters that spin together on a common spindle.

Question 7

Initially, the most common magnetic disk storage device was the removable floppy disk.

Question 8

Compiling is the process of writing instructions in a language that the computer can respond to and that other programmers can understand.

Question 9

The set of instructions that can be used to construct a program is called a programming language.

Question 10

Executable programs are always written as a sequence of binary numbers, which is a computer's internal language, and are also referred to as machine language programs.

Question 11

Both machine and assembly languages are classified as high-level languages; this is because both of these language types use instructions that are directly tied to one type of computer.

Question 12

When each statement in a high-level source program is translated individually and executed immediately upon translation, the programming language is called an compiled language.

Question 13

The output produced by the compiler is called an executable program, which is a machine language version of the source code.

Question 14

In a procedural language, the available instructions are used to create self-contained units, referred to as procedures.

Question 15

In C, a procedure is referred to as a method.

Question 16

System software is the collection of programs that must be readily available to any computer system to enable the computer to operate.

Question 17

The ALU is internally contained in ROM and is a permanent, automatically executed component of the computer's system software.

Question 18

Operating systems that permit each user to run multiple programs are referred to as multiuser systems.

Question 19

Converting an algorithm into a computer program, using a language such as C, is called coding the algorithm.

Question 20

The program instructions resulting from coding an algorithm are referred to as pseudocode.

Question 21

The technique used by professional software developers for understanding the problem that is being solved and for creating an effective and appropriate software solution is called the software systems approach.

Question 22

A statement of a problem or a specific request for a program, is referred to as a program requirement.

Question 23

A first-level structure diagram for an algorithm represents the first attempt at an initial, but not yet sufficiently detailed, structure for a solution algorithm.

Question 24

A top-down algorithm development starts at the topmost level and proceeds to develop more and more detailed algorithms as it proceeds to the final set of algorithms.

Question 25

Collectively, the components used to make a computer are referred to as ____.

A)algorithms
B)programs
C)hardware
D)software

Question 26

The grouping of 8 bits to form a larger unit is an almost universal computer standard and is referred to as a ____.

A)byte
B)character
C)word
D)opcode

Question 27

The collections of patterns consisting of 0s and 1s used to represent letters, single digits, and other single characters are called ____.

A)bytes
B)character codes
C)words
D)opcodes

Question 28

Main memories combine 1 or more bytes into a single unit, referred to as a(n) ____.

A)bit
B)character
C)opcode
D)word

Question 29

The ____ of a computer performs all of the computations, such as addition, subtraction, comparisons, and so on, that a computer provides.

A)control unit
B)CPU
C)ALU
D)main memory unit

Question 30

A(n) ____ is a structured combination of data and instructions that is used to operate a computer and produce a specific result.

A)programming language
B)opcode
C)algorithm
D)computer program

Question 31

Programming languages that use the substitution of word-like symbols, such as ADD, SUB, MUL, for the binary opcodes, and both decimal numbers and labels for memory addresses are referred to as ____.

A)machine languages
B)assembly languages
C)low-level languages
D)interpreted languages

Question 32

The program that translates each statement in a high-level source program and executes it immediately upon translation is called a(n) ____.

A)compiler
B)assembler
C)linker
D)interpreter

Question 33

A(n) ____ combines additional machine language code with the object program to create a final executable program.

A)linker
B)compiler
C)assembler
D)interpreter

Question 34

The purpose of a(n) ____ is to accept data as input and transform the data in some manner to produce a specific result as an output.

A)opcode
B)procedure
C)algorithm
D)program

Question 35

C is a(n) ____ language.

A)interpreted
B)machine
C)object-oriented
D)structured

Question 36

C++ is a(n) ____ language.

A)interpreted
B)machine
C)object-oriented
D)structured

Question 37

Collectively, the set of system programs used to operate and control a computer is called the ____.

A)application software
B)hardware
C)pseudocode
D)operating system

Question 38

When mathematical equations are used to describe an algorithm, the description is called ____.

A)pseudocode
B)a formula
C)an opcode
D)a flowchart

Question 39

A(n) ____ provides a pictorial representation of an algorithm using specifically defined shapes.

A)pseudocode
B)formula
C)opcode
D)flowchart

Question 40

When writing a program, a(n) ____ structure provides the capability to make a choice between different instructions, depending on the result of some condition.

A)sequence
B)selection
C)iteration
D)invocation

Question 41

When writing a program, a(n) ____ structure defines the order in which instructions are executed by the program.

A)sequence
B)selection
C)iteration
D)invocation

Question 42

When writing a program, a(n) ____ structure involves invoking, or summoning into action, specific sections of code as they are needed.

A)sequence
B)selection
C)iteration
D)invocation

Question 43

When writing a program, a(n) ____ structure provides the ability for the same operation to be repeated based on the value of a condition.

A) sequence
B) selection
C) iteration
D) invocation

Question 44

A repetition structure is also known as a(n) ____ structure.

A) sequence
B) selection
C) iteration
D) invocation