Deck 16: Health Disparities and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Question 1

Generally, health disparity refers to equal status in health between varying racial and ethnic groups.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The White population, currently the majority population, has a higher health status than members of the African American/Black population.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

__________ involved the manipulation of Black men into believing they were receiving treatment for syphilis.

A) The Syphilis CDC study
B) The Syphilis research study
C) The Tuskegee Syphilis study
D) None of these is correct.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Genetics has no substantial basis as the sole explanation of health disparities.

Question 5

The term health disparity is the same as the term health gap.

Question 6

What was the title of the 1984 report released by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on the health of the nation?

A) Health, United States, 1983
B) Health As It Was, 1983
C) The Perfection of Health in the United States, 1983
D) The Decline of the U.S. Health System, 1983

Question 7

The lack of accessibility to healthy foods due to low socioeconomic status is known as a food mirage.

Question 8

__________ is a particular style of food, still eaten today, that pertains to slavery.

A) Gourmet food
B) Organic food
C) Soul food
D) None of these is correct.

Question 9

Cancer rates are lower among Black women when compared with White women.

Question 10

Lack of sufficient health care for some in the United States has led to:

A) poorer health.
B) health inequality.
C) both poorer health and health inequality.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 11

Native Americans are the only indigenous group to the United States.

Question 12

Hispanic is an ethnicity rather than a race.

Question 13

__________ are now the second largest emerging majority group in the United States

A) Asians
B) Hispanics
C) African Americans
D) Native Americans

Question 14

By treaty rights, __________ own their own lands.

A) African Americans
B) Asians
C) Native Americans
D) None of these is correct.

Question 15

__________ is a term that is used to describe an inevitable change taking place in American society based on the prediction that, by the year 2042-2050, in certain areas in the U.S., the majority populations will be Hispanic and Black people and other minority groups.

A) Minority
B) Emerging majority
C) Majority
D) Intensity

Question 16

__________ must take place over time to understand demographic changes.

Question 17

__________ are exaggerated beliefs or fixed ideas about a person.

Question 18

As a consequence of beliefs, people from different cultures may have different treatment-seeking behaviors.

Question 19

Health insurance is a critical factor in terms of health status.

Question 20

More White people are insured than people from emerging majorities.

Question 21

__________ provides an indication of the health status of mothers and children.

A) Mortality rate
B) Hispanics
C) Life expectancy
D) Infant mortality rate

Question 22

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a federal statute that was signed into U.S. Law by President Barack Obama.

Question 23

The __________ refers to the notion that in lower socioeconomic status communities, individuals may not have computers.

A) Digital gap
B) Digital divide
C) Digital disparity
D) None of these is correct.

Question 24

__________ is where individuals can go to review coverage options and ultimately choose a health insurance plan from competitive providers.

A) The Health Insurance Exchange Market
B) The Obamacare Market
C) The Digital Divide Market
D) None of these is correct.

Question 25

The __________ is also known as Obamacare.

Question 26

__________ signed Medicaid and Medicare into law on July 30, 1965.

Question 27

Eligibility guidelines for Medicaid are set by states and are income based, primarily for the rich.

Question 28

__________ has universal health care, which is paid for by income taxes and sales tax.

A) The United States
B) Chicago
C) Canada
D) Brazil

Question 29

STEM stands for Science, Teaching, and Math.

Question 30

__________ medicine and medical education has never had the level of diversity of other healthcare professions.

A) Osteopathic
B) Complimentary
C) Veterinary
D) Scientific

Question 31

Compelling evidence shows that the lack of diversity in the workforce effectively limits access to quality health care by minorities and poor communities.

Question 32

There are __________ common themes or elements that have been proven to increase diversity.

A) 15
B) 12
C) 17
D) 5

Question 33

Medicare is a program that was specifically designed to help the poor.

Question 34

__________ are not as diverse as the general population.

A) The health insurance exchange markets
B) The health professions
C) The health insurance exchange markets and the health professions
D) None of these is correct.

Question 35

A review of the literature and the activities that most health education professional institutions have engaged in to increase racial and ethnic diversity in the health professions reveals that __________ programs were the most effective at increasing diversity.

Question 36

Looking at models of success in the sciences, there are __________ practices that are working to increase diversity.

Question 37

Curricula designed to help students achieve cultural competence prepares them for working in more diverse environments.

Question 38

An institution's diversity __________ may cause faculty of color to face diversity pressures, isolation, and racism.

A) reality
B) perspective
C) climate
D) program

Question 39

Migrant and seasonal agricultural workers (MSAWs) experience myriad issues, including which of the following?

A) Hazardous work environments
B) Poverty
C) Low wages
D) Hazardous work environments, poverty, and low wages
E) None of these is correct.

Question 40

A significant number of migrant farmworkers are __________, which means they are unauthorized to work in the United States.

Question 41

__________ provide labor that fortifies the United States fruit and labor industry.

Question 42

Federally Qualified Health Centers receive funding from the Health Resources Services Administration.

Question 43

Migrant and seasonal agricultural workers have a(n) __________ that is approximately twice the national average.

A) morbidity rate
B) infant mortality rate
C) maternal mortality rate
D) socioeconomic status

Question 44

It is not necessary for students who are going to work in diverse environments to understand cultural competence.

Question 45

Geographic isolation is a risk factor that contributes to poor health conditions for people living in rural environments.

Question 46

Illness/disease is generally worse in urban communities as compared to rural communities.

Question 47

One of the risky behaviors that individuals in risky communities participate in that may impact their health is:

A) not sleeping.
B) working long hours.
C) heavy alcohol assumption.
D) exercising too much.

Question 48

The population makeup of people in rural communities is the same as urban communities.

Question 49

The __________ for members of the rural community is generally lower than urban communities across all racial, ethnic, and gender categories.

A) death rate
B) life expectancy
C) infant mortality
D) morbidity rate

Question 50

The individual mandate was removed in 2015.

Question 51

The ACA has been eliminated completely in the United States.

Question 52

Which of the following is relevant to filial piety?

A) Respect
B) Obedience
C) Caring for parents
D) None of these is correct.
E) Respect, obedience, and caring for parents

Question 53

Pharmacodynamics is what the body does to a drug.

Question 54

Cultural proficiency is the highest level of the overall concept of cultural competence.

Question 55

__________ is a term that is used to describe educational practices and policies in which racial and cultural differences were ignored to emphasize similarities between and among students.
)

A)Culture blindness
B) Color blindness
C) Culturally relevant pedagogy
D) Cultural deprivation

Question 56

Systemic and structural issues within the educational system have perpetuated a(n) __________ in which the teaching population remains comprised predominantly of White, middle-class, English-speaking women, even as the student population is rapidly diversifying.

Question 57

There are currently significant demographic changes taking place in the United States that are having a direct impact on health care.

Question 58

More than 2 million refugees were admitted to the United States between 1975 and 2000.

Question 59

__________ involves understanding the fact that many people in the United States do not speak English or have limited English proficiency.

A) Cultural competence
B) Linguistic competence
C) Pedagogic competence
D) Academic competence

Question 60

According to the expanded version of __________ Hierarchy of Needs, there are eight needs that must be met by all people.

Question 61

Safety needs refer to friendship, intimacy, affection, and love.

Question 62

The White majority tend to have poorer health, higher mortality and morbidity rates, and less access to quality health services.

Question 63

There is much controversy about the meaning of health disparities.

Question 64

The __________ report, Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, provided insight regarding healthcare inequities.

A) IHS's
B) OMH's
C) IOM's
D) FBI's

Question 65

Health disparities have a variety of contributing factors or determinants.

Question 66

The __________ expands funding for community health centers.

A) LEP
B) NAACP
C) ACA
D) None of these is correct.

Question 67

Recent analyses of health conditions in __________ have revealed that Black people fare worse than Whites or Hispanics on a variety of indicators, including stroke, diabetes, and breast cancer mortality, as well as maternal smoking.

A) Atlanta
B) Los Angeles
C) Boston
D) Chicago

Question 68

There is an extensive support in the literature between __________ and poor health.

Question 69

The residents of poor neighborhoods may experience fewer opportunities to engage in __________, buy healthy food, or access quality health care.

Question 70

Cultural norms, which may vary by income, do not play a role in behavioral choices like smoking and diet.
C. True
D. False

Question 71

__________ is a core element of population health that focuses on health determinants, prevention, and public health policy.

A) Health education
B) Public health
C) Biological science
D) Environmental health

Question 72

Key factors that must be taken into consideration regarding the health status of women include race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.

Question 73

In exploring race in terms of women's health, cultural norms are significant.

Question 74

__________ is not limited to emerging majorities of any race or ethnicity.

Question 75

For women who live in low-income communities, there is an increased risk of poor health conditions.

Question 76

__________ is prepared with a great deal of seasoning, especially salt, with numerous fried dishes and is not a healthy approach to eating.

A) Gourmet food
B) Vegetarian food
C) Soul food
D) None of these is correct.

Question 77

To help ensure that women experience healthy birth outcomes, the __________ recommends certain protocols for pregnant women.

A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
B) Office of Minority Health
C) Department of Health and Human Services
D) Institute of Medicine

Question 78

There are key health indices relevant to birth outcomes, which are low birth weight (less than 2500 grams), infant mortality rate (IMR), and __________.

Question 79

__________ indicates the number of infants who die during their first year of life.

Question 80

__________ refers to the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 from any cause aggravated by pregnancy or its management, excluding accidental or incidental causes.