Deck 16: Sex Work

Question 1

A man or woman who engages in erotic talk with clients for pay would be classified as a

A) pimp.
B) hustler.
C) hooker.
D) sex trader.
E) sex worker.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The term "sex worker" applies to

A) male prostitutes only.
B) female prostitutes only.
C) hookers, whores, and pimps.
D) prostitutes, phone sex operators, and exotic dancers.
E) promiscuous females, night club operators, and showgirls.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The 18th and 19th centuries saw a sharp increase in prostitution, particularly in cities. This is mainly because

A) there were not enough police to curtail the activity.
B) the influence of religion had begun to decline.
C) improvements in medicine made venereal disease less of a threat.
D) women were in short supply.
E) society's attitudes toward sex became increasingly open.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The major decline in prostitution that accompanied the sexual revolution of the 1960s can be attributed to

A) the development of oral contraceptives.
B) the decline in venereal disease transmission.
C) a reduction in church opposition to sex outside of marriage.
D) an increase in church opposition to sex outside of marriage.
E) an increase in the prosecution of prostitutes and their clients.

Question 5

What change would you expect to see as a society expands women's access to birth control and higher education?

A) Rates of prostitution will increase because unwanted pregnancy will be less likely.
B) Rates of prostitution will increase because empowered women will reclaim sex work as a feminist act.
C) Rates of prostitution will decrease because women will have more career options available to them.
D) Rates of prostitution will stay the same because access to birth control will increase prostitution but expanded career options will decrease prostitution.
E) Rates of prostitution will stay the same because the demand will remain unchanged.

Question 6

How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect prostitution?

A) The availability of prostitutes declined, driving rates up.
B) The demand for prostitutes increased, driving rates up.
C) The demand for prostitutes increased, leading to more women becoming sex workers.
D) The demand for prostitutes dropped, driving rates down.
E) Because the demand remained unchanged, the pandemic had no effect on prostitution.

Question 7

The most effective strategy for reducing the number of American women working as prostitutes would be to

A) raise wages for other unskilled jobs.
B) increase legal penalties for pimps.
C) increase the availability of minimum wage jobs.
D) provide religious counseling.
E) discuss the virtues of abstinence.

Question 8

The term "hustler" refers to a

A) male pimp.
B) exotic dancer.
C) male prostitute.
D) female prostitute.
E) phone sex operator.

Question 9

Which occupies the lowest rung of the prostitution hierarchy?

A) Streetwalkers
B) Call girls
C) Escorts
D) Masseuses
E) Brothel prostitutes

Question 10

High proportions of street prostitutes are

A) mothers who are dependent on drugs and alcohol.
B) childless women who are dependent on drugs and alcohol.
C) minority women who do not use drugs or alcohol.
D) women who consistently use condoms and have no sexually transmitted diseases.
E) men who consistently use condoms and have no sexually transmitted diseases.

Question 11

An entrepreneur setting up prostitution activities in an established commercial suburban location would most likely use the term _______ for his or her establishment.

A) brothel
B) whorehouse
C) massage parlor
D) gaming parlor
E) gambling parlor

Question 12

Escort services and other sex providers often use slang to

A) attract a more hip clientele.
B) encourage customers to pay higher prices.
C) attract customers who are interested in services other than sex.
D) get customers to pay for services they do not receive.
E) conceal the actual services they are providing.

Question 13

In the United States, legal brothels can be found only in some rural counties of

A) Idaho.
B) California.
C) Colorado.
D) Nevada.
E) Utah.

Question 14

An older man wanting a "girlfriend experience" would likely seek

A) a sugar baby attending college.
B) a woman working in a brothel.
C) a woman working in a massage parlor.
D) a courtesan.
E) a street walker.

Question 15

A well-heeled oil sheikh, businessperson, or politician, would most likely secure the services of a premier escort by use of a

A) pimp.
B) website.
C) brothel.
D) madam.
E) classified ad section.

Question 16

For a prostitute, what is a possible advantage of working for a pimp (who takes a percentage of her earnings), compared to working as a free agent?

A) Working outdoors and for fewer hours
B) Having someone to protect her turf and provide security
C) A lower likelihood of catching STIs or getting pregnant
D) Having more control over which "johns" she accepts as customers
E) Working in upper-class neighborhoods

Question 17

Compared to female prostitutes, male prostitutes are more likely to

A) contract a venereal disease.
B) be beaten or raped by a client.
C) work with a pimp.
D) enjoy having multiple sex partners.
E) have short sessions with clients.

Question 18

Transgender prostitutes occasionally experience violence from clients after

A) increasing the cost for services partway through the encounter.
B) inviting another prostitute to take part in or watch the sex act.
C) the prostitute is discovered to have faked an orgasm.
D) the customer realizes the prostitute is not a natal woman.
E) taking money from the customer without rendering services.

Question 19

Why might an escort service prostitute prefer to reach potential customers via a special purpose website instead of through more traditional advertising media, such as adult magazines?

A) To find higher-paying customers
B) To directly advertise that sex is offered as a contracted service
C) To verify customers' identities and avoid police stings
D) To reach a wider pool of customers
E) To entice potential customers by offering a satisfaction guarantee

Question 20

The price of one hour with a female prostitute is sometimes based on the woman's physical appearance. Which characteristics appear to be most important to paying customers?

A) Eye color, fullness of lips, hair length, and bust size
B) Athleticism, age, hair color, and bust size
C) Bust size, fullness of lips, waist measurement, and age
D) Overall build, hair color, hair length, and bust size
E) Build, eye color, hair length, and bust size

Question 21

Which minor is at greatest risk for engaging in prostitution?

A) A 17-year-old girl whose parents have cut her allowance
B) An 11-year-old boy with neglectful parents
C) A 15-year-old girl who has run away from an abusive home
D) A 12-year-old girl diagnosed with depression
E) A 13-year-old boy whose mom who works for an escort service

Question 22

Which statement most accurately describes juvenile prostitution?

A) Teenagers usually start sex work to buy themselves luxury items.
B) In the United States, teen sex workers are often prosecuted while their pimps go free.
C) Drug use is very common among teen prostitutes.
D) Teenage prostitution is extremely rare in Japan.
E) Most teenage prostitutes begin sex work by the age of 13.

Question 23

Robert frequently uses an escort prostitution service. Which statement is most likely true about Robert?

A) He teaches Sunday school every week at his community church.
B) He is addicted to drugs and/or alcohol.
C) He has extremely conservative political and social views.
D) He has a college degree and a professional job.
E) He believes prostitutes are "dirty" and "disgusting."

Question 24

Sex traffickers may move juveniles far from their homes to

A) avoid violating federal law.
B) protect them from abusive family members.
C) make them easier to control.
D) get them addicted to street drugs and alcohol.
E) move them to a state which permits sex with minors.

Question 25

What is the primary reason for sex trafficking?

A) To move underage sex workers away from their families
B) To make money by "selling" other people and their services
C) To protect juveniles from abuse by pimps and escort services
D) To employ people who would otherwise have no work
E) To minimize the risk of getting caught by law enforcement officials

Question 26

One reason sex tourists travel to countries like Thailand or Indonesia to engage the services of prostitutes is that, in these countries,

A) there is less control by third parties, such as pimps.
B) juvenile prostitutes are readily available.
C) prostitutes will readily engage in oral sex.
D) prostitutes will readily engage in anal sex.
E) the likelihood of contracting a venereal disease is low.

Question 27

What is an area of disagreement among organizations that oppose sex trafficking?

A) Whether laws against sex trafficking should only apply to minors
B) Whether laws against sex trafficking should only apply to girls and women
C) Whether prostitution should be legal
D) Whether only international transport of sex workers should be considered sex trafficking
E) Whether laws against sex trafficking should focus only on women moved from poor countries

Question 28

Which statement best describes the views of anti-sex trafficking organizations?

A) All want to see prostitution legalized worldwide.
B) All want to see prostitution made illegal worldwide.
C) Only some believe adults can be trafficked.
D) Some support legalizing consensual sex with minors to reduce sex tourism.
E) All oppose sex trafficking as a form of exploitation.

Question 29

Which of the following people would be the most likely to oppose legalizing prostitution?

A) A libertarian
B) A male college student
C) A madam
D) A feminist
E) A sex tourist

Question 30

Which statement accurately describes the "Nordic model" of prostitution?

A) There are penalties for buying sex, but no penalties for selling sex.
B) There are penalties for selling sex, but no penalties for buying sex.
C) There are minor penalties for both buying and selling sex.
D) There are severe penalties for both buying and selling sex.
E) There are no laws related to prostitution.

Question 31

Which statement about prostitution would a libertarian be most likely to agree with?

A) State governments should regulate prostitution.
B) The federal government should regulate prostitution.
C) People should be free to hire prostitutes, including those who are underage.
D) The government should not criminalize buying or selling sex.
E) Adults should be free to make their own bad choices, no matter the consequences for society as a whole.

Question 32

Which form of commercial sex work offers flexibility and the freedom to work from home with little preparation?

A) Phone sex operator
B) Pornographic actor
C) Prostitute
D) Stripper
E) Call girl

Question 33

Phone sex companies generally want their customers to have the impression that the phone sex operators are

A) wealthy.
B) motivated by love, not sex.
C) motivated by sex, not money.
D) from a foreign country.
E) U.S. citizens.

Question 34

The potential monetary rewards are greater for webcammers than for phone sex operators because webcammers can

A) service wealthier customers.
B) choose which customers they serve.
C) spend more one-on-one time with each customer.
D) service multiple customers at the same time.
E) substitute recordings for live performances.

Question 35

According to the Supreme Court's decision in Miller v. California, the First Amendment

A) does not afford broad protection for pornographic expression.
B) protects pornography involving minors.
C) permits states to restrict all sexually arousing content.
D) does not protect sexually explicit content, even if it has literary or artistic merit.
E) protects all pornography, except that involving minors, from restrictions.

Question 36

Based on the Supreme Court decision in Miller v. California, which of the following is most likely to meet the criteria for pornography restrictions?

A) A magazine article titled "Top Sex Tips for Newlyweds"
B) A video of a topless preschool aged girl swimming in her backyard pool with her siblings
C) A health textbook explaining coitus to high school students
D) A closeup shot of a man pooping on another man
E) A political cartoon depicting a public figure in a compromising position

Question 37

A lawyer argues that a company should not be allowed to distribute a sexually violent video ending in the apparent death of the female actress. Based on the Supreme Court's decision in Miller v. California, what would be the lawyer's best argument?

A) By definition, films depicting coitus are obscene.
B) Sexually violent videos directly increase the risk for rape.
C) The video depicts sexual conduct in an offensive way and lacks artistic or literary merit.
D) If the court doesn't block distribution of this video, it will lead to the production of even more offensive content.
E) Hardcore porn leads to an increase in divorce and thus is bad for society.

Question 38

Which of the following is least likely to be considered child pornography?

A) An animated video depicting a teacher having sex with an underage student, which did not involve children in production
B) A sext sent by a 16-year-old boy to his boyfriend
C) A video taken by a parent of their naked toddler playing in the bathtub
D) A video taken by a stepfather of his teenage stepdaughter showering
E) A video of two underaged cartoon characters engaged in sexually explicit activities

Question 39

Which of the following people would not be prosecuted for violating child pornography laws?

A) Liam, who viewed child pornography online but was careful never to download any images to his computer
B) Tristan, who accidentally came across child pornography while browsing another genre of porn
C) Brenda, a 16-year-old girl who sexted her boyfriend
D) Jason, a 15-year-old boy who passed along naked images of his 15-year-old ex-boyfriend
E) Chris, who made an animated video showing a 13-year-old girl having sex with an adult

Question 40

Pornography that is considered to have artistic merit may be called

A) erotica.
B) educational.
C) obscene.
D) soft-core material.
E) hard-core material.

Question 41

The demise of porno theaters over the course of the 1970s can most likely be attributed to

A) the greater availability of prostitutes.
B) the introduction of videocassettes.
C) an increase in cost for securing and showing porn movies.
D) an increase in legal penalties for securing and showing porn movies.
E) zoning laws that restricted the operation of such theaters.

Question 42

Which photographic technique can be used to make porn viewers feel like a participant in the action?

A) Deep-focus
B) Backlighting
C) Point-of-view
D) Cross-cutting
E) Special effects

Question 43

A video producer uses software to replace the faces of his porn actors with celebrities' faces. This is an example of

A) the Westermarck effect.
B) virtual reality porn.
C) a violation of the Comstock Laws.
D) a violation of Miller v. California.
E) deepfake porn.

Question 44

Tube sites like Pornhub

A) make it harder to identify the most popular types of pornography.
B) have pushed amateur porn from the marketplace.
C) rely on advertisers to make money.
D) have spurred an increase in the production value of porn.
E) make most of their money from pay-per-view models.

Question 45

Pornhub's business model

A) has led to an increase in pay for porn actors.
B) has led to an increase in pay for porn producers.
C) has made accessing porn more expensive than in the past.
D) emphasizes production of plot-driven porn.
E) has failed because they have not been able to attract enough paying customers.

Question 46

If your goal as a pornographic video producer is to make films that appeal to a predominantly female audience, you would likely feature

A) young porn actors and actresses.
B) sex acts performed in luxurious settings.
C) safe sex scenes with the use of condoms.
D) romantic storylines in addition to sex scenes.
E) sex acts performed under soft lighting with soothing music.

Question 47

Studies on the effects of pornography have produced mixed results, but there is an association between porn consumption and risk for sexual violence

A) for all men, regardless of the type of porn viewed.
B) for all men who view sexually violent porn.
C) for men with low empathy, regardless of the type of porn viewed.
D) for men with low empathy who view sexually violent porn.
E) for unmarried men who view sexually violent porn.

Question 48

Refer to the figure.
What conclusion can you draw based on this graph that plots the number of forcible rapes and the number of hardcore porn videos in the U.S. over time?

A) There is no clear relationship between pornography and rape.
B) Hardcore pornography is associated with an increase in rape, but we cannot tell why from this data.
C) Increased availability of hardcore pornography has directly reduced rape rates.
D) Increased availability of hardcore pornography is associated with fewer rapes, but we cannot tell why from this data.
E) Rape rates peaked the early 1990s without any change in porn availability, showing there is no relationship between the two.

Question 49

Which statement would you be most likely to see on a NoFap discussion board?

A) "Masturbation is immoral."
B) "Porn addiction is a lie made up by sex negative conservatives."
C) "Watching porn has ruined my sex life."
D) "The government should ban porn."
E) "Watching porn has made me more inventive in bed."

Question 50

The sales results for an ad that's high in sexual content shows an increase in viewership but no increase in product sales. This may indicate that the ad

A) should contain even more explicit images.
B) was presented with no relationship context, a mistake for a product marketed to men.
C) focused too much on romance instead of sex, a mistake for a product marketed to women.
D) distracts the viewer from remembering the product or advertising message.
E) was offensive to most viewers.

Question 51

Research indicates that men respond positively to sexy advertisements

A) when they also emphasize lasting relationships.
B) especially when there is no logical connection between the product and sex.
C) that include no personal relationship context.
D) that defy stereotypical gender roles.
E) with a strong humorous twist.

Question 52

A marketing company is designing an ad for women's perfume, with the goal of getting more men to buy the product. To do this, they should

A) include sexual imagery.
B) present sexual imagery in the context of a committed relationship.
C) focus on relationship imagery and avoid sexual imagery.
D) show attractive men buying the product.
E) avoid both sexual imagery and relationship imagery.

Question 53

Advertisers who wish to market a product using sexually themed advertising should consider that

A) sexually themed advertising is overwhelmingly ineffective.
B) sexually themed advertising generally increases recall of the advertised product.
C) women and men generally react to sexually themed advertising in different ways.
D) only women react positively to sexually themed advertising.
E) women and men generally react to sexually themed advertising in the same ways.

Question 54

Explain why prostitution has persisted throughout the ages but is now in decline.

Question 55

Candi, a natal female, and Tiffani, a transgender woman, are both streetwalkers, while Camden, a natal female, works for a high-end escort service. Discuss the differences and similarities in the type of work Candi, Tiffani, and Camden do and the risks they face.

Question 56

Define sex trafficking and identify the groups of people at highest risk of being trafficked.

Question 57

Make a case for or against decriminalizing prostitution, considering the impact of that decision on both society as a whole and the sex workers involved.

Question 58

You have been put in charge of designing legislation to change how your state manages sex work. Identify the legal and policy reforms that would most benefit prostitutes, and explain why.

Question 59

Explain what sexual webcamming is and why a woman might choose it over other forms of sex work.

Question 60

Explain the conditions under which states may restrict a pornographic work according to the Supreme Court's decision in Miller v. California.

Question 61

Discuss ways in which the internet and new technology have influenced the porn industry.

Question 62

Make a case for or against the idea that the increased acceptance of pornography use by men has benefitted women.

Question 63

An advertiser is designing a campaign to sell sports cars to men. Explain what type of sexual content (if any) the ad should contain and why, and whether the campaign is also likely to be effective with women.