Deck 6: Theories of Stress and Coping

Question 1

The stage of the transactional model in which the person internally determines the severity of the stressor and whether he or she is in trouble is known as:

A) primary appraisal.
B) secondary appraisal.
C) tertiary appraisal.
D) coping.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In the stage of resistance, the body tries to resist the noxious stimulus.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

General adaptation syndrome was first described by:

A) Walter Cannon.
B) Hans Selye.
C) Thomas Holmes.
D) Richard Rahe.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When desired events do not occur even though their occurrence is normative for people of a certain group, that stressor is known as a:

A) life event.
B) community-wide strain.
C) chronic strain.
D) nonevent.

Question 5

The higher a person's score is on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the lower are the chances of that person developing sickness in the subsequent year.

Question 6

The belief that one causes the events of one's life and can influence the environment is known as:

A) commitment.
B) control.
C) challenge.
D) comprehensibility.

Question 7

Defense mechanisms precede coping and were first defined by Alfred Adler.

Question 8

The extent to which one feels that the resources under one's control are adequate to meet the demands posed by the stressors is known as:

A) comprehensibility.
B) meaningfulness.
C) consistency.
D) manageability.

Question 9

A stressor that is a result of the responses of one social group to another is known as a:

A) life event.
B) community-wide strain.
C) chronic strain.
D) nonevent.

Question 10

All of the following are examples of problem-focused coping, except:

A) interpersonal conflict resolution.
B) advice seeking.
C) denying the existence of the stressful situation.
D) time management.

Question 11

Hans Selye first described the "fight or flight" syndrome.

Question 12

Statement A: The first stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the stage of resistance.
Statement B: General adaptation syndrome is an example of an event-based model of stress.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 13

Demands from the internal or external environment that one perceives as being harmful or threatening are known as:

A) demands.
B) stressors.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) emotion-focused coping.

Question 14

In the alarm reaction of the general adaptation syndrome, the adrenal glands start secreting their hormones, corticosteroids, which help in supplying more energy to the body.

Question 15

The extent to which one perceives that the stressors that confront one make cognitive sense, implying that there is some set structure, consistency, order, clarity, and predictability, is known as:

A) comprehensibility.
B) meaningfulness.
C) consistency.
D) manageability.

Question 16

The type of social support that entails providing information, guidance, and counsel is known as:

A) emotional support.
B) informational support.
C) instrumental support.
D) appraisal support.

Question 17

Long-term disability is an example of a life event.

Question 18

All of the following are differences between coping and defense mechanisms, except:

A) Coping is purposive and involves choices.
B) Defense mechanisms are rigid and set.
C) Coping is focused on the future.
D) Defense mechanisms are premised on the past.

Question 19

The stage in the general adaptation syndrome in which the body is supplied with more energy is:

A) alarm reaction.
B) manageability.
C) resistance.
D) optimistic.

Question 20

The model for the concept of coping was developed out of a concern for the response to stress instead of the cause of stress.

Question 21

Which of the following constructs of the theory of coherence addresses meaningfulness?

A) Feelings of adequate resources
B) Clarity and order to the stress
C) Life makes sense emotionally
D) Stress is predictable

Question 22

Hardiness relates to personal control and endurance.

Question 23

Which of the following supports the theories of stress and coping?

A) An individual diagnosed with breast cancer joins a support group.
B) A smoker in a cessation class keeps packets of cigarettes.
C) A teen with depression gets ill when he/she takes medication.
D) An individual is overwhelmed with the workload.

Question 24

A breast cancer survivor speaking to a local church group supports the concepts of health promotion and education.

Question 25

The response-based theories of coping and stress are limited to:

A) physiological relationships.
B) individual differences.
C) thoughtful processing.
D) specificity of stimuli.

Question 26

Event-based models of stress and coping fail to clarify and explain stress.

Question 27

Coping is purposive and involves choices, whereas defense mechanisms are rigid and set.

Question 28

Statement A: Daily hassles include everyday problems such as getting stuck in traffic. Statement B: Not having anything to do is an example of chronic strain.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 29

Statement A: Joining a smoking cessation program is an example of emotion-focused coping.
Statement B: Seeking social support to negate the influence of a stressful situation is an example of emotion-focused coping.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 30

Statement A: The higher a person's commitment, the higher is his or her ability to cope with stress.
Statement B: The lesser a sense of challenge a person has, the easier he or she is able to cope with stress.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 31

Determining how much control one has over a stressor is known as:

A) secondary appraisal.
B) stressors.
C) primary appraisal.
D) problem-focused coping.

Question 32

The extent to which one perceives that the stressors that confront one make cognitive sense, implying that there is some set structure, consistency, order, clarity, and predictability, is known as:

A) manageability.
B) meaningfulness.
C) comprehensibility.
D) commitment.

Question 33

When desired or anticipated events do not occur, that stressor is known as a:

A) life event.
B) community-wide strain.
C) chronic strain.
D) nonevent.

Question 34

Statement A: The Social Readjustment Rating Scale lists 43 life events, each with a predetermined weight, and asks a person to identify events he or she has experienced in the past year.
Statement B: The Social Readjustment Rating Scale is an example of a response-based model of stress.

A) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
B) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
C) Both statements are true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 35

Walter Cannon, a physiologist, first defined stress as a "fight or flight" syndrome.

Question 36

Death of a family member is an example of which category of stressor?

A) Life event
B) Chronic stressor
C) Chronic strain
D) Nonevent

Question 37

All of the following are examples of defense mechanisms, except:

A) introjection.
B) isolation.
C) reaction formation.
D) emotional coping.

Question 38

All of the following are examples of emotion-focused coping, except:

A) goal setting.
B) avoiding the stressful situation.
C) freely expressing emotions.
D) making social comparisons.

Question 39

Stressors that are a result of the responses of one social group to another are known as community-wide strains.

Question 40

When a person determines how much control he or she has over the stressor, it is known as:

A) primary appraisal.
B) secondary appraisal.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) emotion-focused coping.

Question 41

All of the following are constructs of sense of coherence, except:

A) comprehensibility.
B) meaningfulness.
C) consistency.
D) manageability.

Question 42

The extent to which one feels that life makes sense emotionally and that at least some of the stressors in life are worth investing energy in and are worthy of commitment and engagement is known as:

A) comprehensibility.
B) meaningfulness.
C) consistency.
D) manageability.