Deck 32: Cellular Radiobiology

Question 1

If oxygen is present during low-LET radiation the effect of radiation is?

A) reduced
B) minimal
C) maximal
D) the same

Answer 1

maximal

Question 2

If oxygen is present during high-LET radiation the effect of radiation is?

A) reduced
B) minimal
C) maximal
D) the same

Answer 2

the same

Question 3

The probability of a hit is increased with _____ oxygen and _____ LET radiation.

A) high, low
B) low, low
C) high, high
D) low, high

Answer 3

high, high

Question 4

The lethal effects of cell irradiation are measured by cell _____.

A) death
B) survival
C) damage
D) mutation

Question 5

The x-intercept of a low LET cell-survival curve is _______ larger than a similar high LET cell-survival curve.

A) the same
B) larger
C) smaller
D) none of the above

Question 6

A target molecule that is _____ will always cause cell death.

A) inactivated
B) damaged
C) hit
D) ionized

Question 7

According to target theory,the target molecule of a cell is _____.

A) any molecule in the cell
B) the DNA in the nucleus
C) a water molecule
D) a protein macromolecule

Question 8

The mean lethal dose for high LET radiation is ______ than after low LET radiation.

A) higher
B) lower
C) the same
D) unknown

Question 9

The DO represents the _____ dose for human cells.

A) mean survival
B) mean lethal
C) 50% survival
D) 50% lethal

Question 10

Irradiation hits occur through _____.

A) indirect effects
B) direct effects
C) excitation events
D) both A and B

Question 11

Which of the following types of radioactive particle has the highest LET?

A) Alpha particle
B) x-ray
C) gamma-ray
D) proton

Question 12

The DQ is the _____ dose for irradiation of human cells.

A) single-target
B) multi-hit
C) lethal
D) threshold

Question 13

Human cells are most radiosensitive during the _____ phase of the cell cycle.

A) gap2
B) gap1
C) mitosis
D) synthesis

Question 14

The _____-target,_____-hit model of radiation induced cell death applies to simple cells only.

A) single, single
B) multiple, multiple
C) multiple, single
D) single, multiple

Question 15

A hit to a cell target can occur from a(n)_____ effect.

A) indirect
B) direct
C) oxygen
D) both A and B