Deck 33: Deterministic Effects of Radiation

Question 1

Skin effects from localized doses of radiation follow a _____ dose-response relationship.

A) linear, threshold
B) nonlinear, nonthreshold
C) nonlinear, threshold
D) linear, nonthreshold

Answer 1

nonlinear, threshold

Question 2

_____ are among the most radioresistive species.

A) Birds
B) Dogs
C) Humans
D) Cockroaches

Answer 2

Cockroaches

Question 3

Localized doses of 7 Gy to the skin can cause _____.

A) death
B) permanent hair loss
C) gastrointestinal syndrome
D) all of the above

Answer 3

permanent hair loss

Question 4

What would be the most likely immediate response to a whole body dose of 2 Gy?

A) a sense of well-being
B) diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
C) convulsive seizures and edema
D) increased strength

Question 5

A local dose of _____ rad(s)or more can cause gonadal dysfunction.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 100

Question 6

A person subjected to 50 Gy to the whole body may survive for _____ before death occurs.

A) 3 hours
B) 24 hours
C) 3 days
D) 2 weeks

Question 7

The LD_50/60 is the dose of radiation to the whole-body that will result in death within _____ to _____% of the irradiated population.

A) 50 days, 60
B) 60 days, 50
C) 60 minutes, 50
D) 50 minutes, 60

Question 8

The destruction of _____ cells in the intestinal lining causes death from GI syndrome.

A) muscle
B) stem
C) mature
D) blood

Question 9

A dose of _____ Gy or more to a small area of the body can cause skin erythema.

A) 0.25
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 2

Question 10

The minimum dose lethal to humans is _____ Gy to the whole body.

A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 2
D) 4

Question 11

Some radiation victims of _____ syndrome(s)may recover completely.

A) central nervous system
B) gastrointestinal
C) hematologic
D) all of the above

Question 12

The LD_50/60 for humans is approximately _____ Gy.

A) 1
B) 2.5
C) 3.5
D) 10

Question 13

The central nervous system syndrome occurs following a whole body dose of _____ Gy or more.

A) 50
B) 20
C) 10
D) 5

Question 14

Immediately following a whole body dose of 10 Gy the victim would experience (a)_____.

A) sudden death
B) latent period
C) prodromal symptoms
D) hair loss

Question 15

During the latent period,the radiation victim experiences _____.

A) hair loss
B) nausea and vomiting
C) skin erythema
D) well-being

Question 16

A subject would not experience _____ following a dose high enough to cause CNS syndrome.

A) hematologic syndrome
B) gastrointestinal syndrome
C) prodromal syndrome
D) both A and B

Question 17

There is usually a _____ before the symptoms of acute radiation syndromes appear.

A) latent period
B) recovery period
C) prolonged illness
D) loss of hair

Question 18

High doses of radiation to a localized area can lead to _____ of tissues and organs in that area.

A) reduction in size
B) shrinkage
C) total loss of function
D) all of the above

Question 19

Death from acute radiation exposure follows a _____ dose-response relationship.

A) nonlinear, threshold
B) linear, threshold
C) linear, nonthreshold
D) nonlinear, nonthreshold

Question 20

About half of the population will experience skin erythema following a localized dose of _____ Gy.

A) 5
B) 3.5
C) 1
D) 0.5

Question 21

Ovaries are most radiosensitive during _____.

A) fetal growth
B) early childhood
C) early adulthood
D) both A and B

Question 22

A single chromosome aberration represents _____ to the DNA within the chromosome.

A) a single hit
B) severe damage
C) little damage
D) no damage

Question 23

The most radiosensitive cells in the hematopoietic system of the human body are the _____.

A) granulocytes
B) erythrocytes
C) lymphocytes
D) platelets

Question 24

Gonadal responses to radiation have been observed at doses as low as _____ Gy.

A) 1
B) 0.5
C) 0.2
D) 0.1

Question 25

The stem cells of the ovaries multiply during _____.

A) fetal growth
B) early childhood
C) puberty
D) both A and B