Deck 12: Social Movement

Question 1

Why was the Dorothy Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia (1953) case attached to the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Supreme Court lawsuit?

A) It showed that Black students were just as intelligent as White students.
B) It demonstrated that the "separate but equal" doctrine only led to unequal conditions for Blacks.
C) It demonstrated that, without change, there could be a major response from the Black community.
D) None of the above is true.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following was not one of the states involved in the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case?

A) North Carolina
B) South Carolina
C) Kansas
D) Delaware

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) decision, the Court ruled that "separate but equal"

A) as precedent must stand as it had since Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
B) was impossible to overturn.
C) had no place in the American social system.
D) had no place in public education.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Many states began passing laws segregating most aspects of the daily lives of Black Americans in the

A) 1850s.
B) 1880s.
C) 1910s.
D) 1940s.

Question 5

A main goal of the civil rights movement was to

A) break down legal barriers to racial equality.
B) dismantle the separate system of laws under which Blacks lived.
C) ensure equality under the law in terms of social, political, and economic issues.
D) All of the above.

Question 6

It is generally understood that the civil rights movement began on a more widespread level in the

A) 1930s.
B) 1940s.
C) 1950s.
D) 1960s.

Question 7

A sustained challenge to those in power put forth by individuals, acting in concert with others, who have been excluded from the political process or who consider themselves political outsiders is known as

A) political activism.
B) a social movement.
C) social activism.
D) an economic movement.

Question 8

What is one of the major advantages of a social movement?

A) It provides a means for those without a voice in the political system to get political representatives.
B) It provides a means for those without a voice in the political system to influence the socioeconomic system.
C) It provides a means for those without a voice in the political system to make their concerns known to decision makers.
D) All of the above

Question 9

Social movements are most effective when they

A) manage to gain the support of people like the majority of the members of the movement.
B) pressure decision makers to make the desired changes.
C) appear on television.
D) None of the above

Question 10

Shared grievances are

A) an environment receptive to the ideals and demands of a social movement.
B) complaints against the political system (national, state, or local) by a group of people who agree generally on the causes of the complaints.
C) events that energizes and coalesces a social movement.
D) networks of social activists who create or recognize opportunities to galvanize people to organized action.

Question 11

A supportive environment is

A) an environment receptive to the ideals and demands of a social movement.
B) complaints against the political system (national, state, or local) by a group of people who agree generally on the causes of the complaints.
C) an event that energizes and coalesces a social movement.
D) a network of social activists who create or recognize opportunities to galvanize people to organized action.

Question 12

Which of the following is a condition that gives rise to social movements?

A) Shared grievances
B) Catalyst
C) Supportive environment
D) All of the above

Question 13

If society has become more tolerant of the concerns espoused by a movement, then the environment in which the movement finds itself is seen as

A) supportive.
B) neutral.
C) hostile.
D) aggressive.

Question 14

Why do polls suggesting decreased societal outrage concerning rights for homosexuals suggest a more supportive environment for the LGBT rights movement?

A) It demonstrates that lawmakers want to extend rights for this group.
B) It shows that people are less willing to fight against rights for this group.
C) It shows that the LGBT community no longer has to push for greater rights.
D) This is not what these polls suggest.

Question 15

A catalyst is

A) an environment receptive to the ideals and demands of a social movement.
B) complaints against the political system (national, state, or local) by a group of people who agree generally on the causes of the complaints.
C) an event that energizes and coalesces a social movement.
D) a network of social activists who create or recognize opportunities to galvanize people to organized action.

Question 16

Catalytic leadership is

A) an environment receptive to the ideals and demands of a social movement.
B) complaints against the political system (national, state, or local) by a group of people who agree generally on the causes of the complaints.
C) an event that energizes and coalesces a social movement.
D) a network of social activists who create or recognize opportunities to galvanize people to organized action.

Question 17

In terms of the civil rights movement, the 1955 brutal murder of Emmett Till, a young Black boy who allegedly whistled at a White woman, would be considered

A) shared grievances.
B) a catalyst.
C) a supportive environment.
D) catalytic leadership.

Question 18

The presence of Gloria Steinem in the women's rights movement would be considered

A) shared grievances.
B) a catalyst.
C) a supportive environment.
D) catalytic leadership.

Question 19

In terms of protests against the Vietnam War, the decreasing sense of "winning the war" and the steadily increasing number of causalities would be considered

A) shared grievances.
B) a catalyst.
C) a supportive environment.
D) catalytic leadership.

Question 20

The inability of homosexual partners to marry, to have hospital visitation rights, and to be able to obtain adequate governmental protection from physical harm would be considered

A) shared grievances.
B) a catalyst.
C) a supportive environment.
D) catalytic leadership.

Question 21

The 1969 Stonewall uprising against police harassment and raids specifically against gay bars in New York would be considered

A) shared grievances.
B) a catalyst.
C) a supportive environment.
D) catalytic leadership.

Question 22

Which of the following would not be considered a catalytic leader for a social movement?

A) Dolores Huerta
B) Cesar Chavez
C) Malcolm X
D) Richard Nixon

Question 23

Which of the following was not one of the tactics used in 1965 by Cesar Chavez to garner more public support for farmworkers' demands?

A) Speaking before church gatherings
B) Speaking before the Supreme Court
C) Speaking before university audiences
D) Speaking before union meetings

Question 24

The 1995 Million Man March in Washington, DC, is an example of

A) a social movement.
B) a catalyst.
C) a demonstration.
D) a sit-in.

Question 25

Why does a march or demonstration not qualify as a social movement?

A) It does not constitute sustained activity over a long period of time.
B) It does not get very much media attention.
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 26

Why have social movements been necessary in the midst of democracy in the American political system?

A) Classical liberalism
B) Classical republicanism
C) Inegalitarianism
D) Egalitarianism

Question 27

Why did Blacks, Mexican Americans, American Indians, and women have to use social movements to address their grievances, rather than legislative means?

A) They did not realize the importance of legislative power.
B) They did not have adequate access to political means and resources within the government.
C) They wanted to cause social chaos.
D) They did not primarily rely on social movements.

Question 28

What helps to push decision makers to support the purposes of social movements?

A) Changing demands from social movements
B) Changing public opinion
C) Changing political institutions
D) All of the above

Question 29

What is one of the principle objectives of most social movements?

A) To get attention for the leaders
B) To disrupt the peace of the social and political systems
C) To dismantle the American political system
D) To change public policy

Question 30

Social movements can directly influence politics by

A) increasing political participation by those affected by the messages of the movement.
B) increasing the exposure of ideas in the media.
C) decreasing the political interest of those already in power.
D) All of the above

Question 31

Which of the following is inaccurate?

A) All social movements could influence public policy.
B) All social movements have a positive influence on American democracy.
C) All social movements could increase political participation.
D) All social movements can work toward altering unsatisfactory political institutions.

Question 32

Which of the following social movements has worked to deny civil rights to various groups?

A) American Indian movement
B) Civil rights movement
C) Women's suffrage movement
D) White supremacy/separatist movement

Question 33

Which of the following is an element of the White supremacy/separatist movement?

A) Hatred toward the U. S. government
B) Hatred of Blacks and other minorities
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 34

The 1995 bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City by Timothy McVeigh was in support of the

A) American Indian movement.
B) civil rights movement.
C) women's suffrage movement.
D) white supremacy/separatist movement.

Question 35

The "Unite the Right" march that led to the murder of a counter-protester in 2017 was held in

A) Washington, D. C.
B) Portland, OR.
C) Minneapolis, MN.
D) Charlottesville, VA.

Question 36

All of the following are grievances that influenced the civil rights movement EXCEPT

A) disenfranchisement.
B) state-sponsored violence.
C) Jim Crow laws.
D) relegation to the private sphere.

Question 37

Which Supreme Court ruling was of particular importance in starting the civil rights movement?

A) Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)
B) Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
C) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
D) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Question 38

Although the civil rights movement largely grew and solidified in the _______, it began to develop as early as the _______.

A) 1930s; 1880s
B) 1950s; 1900s
C) 1970s; 1920s
D) 1990s; 1940s

Question 39

Which Supreme Court case established the "separate but equal" doctrine, thus ruling that racial segregation was constitutional?

A) Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
B) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
C) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
D) Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)

Question 40

The practice of killing people by mob action outside of the formal judicial process is known as

A) mobbing.
B) attacking.
C) violating.
D) lynching.

Question 41

What were some of the earliest actions (early twentieth century) of the civil rights movement?

A) Boycotts to protest racial segregation in social settings
B) Protests against racial segregation in the armed forces
C) Lynching of White shop owners
D) None of the above

Question 42

Which case is largely seen as the first after Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that helped to break down the barrier of segregation?

A) Missouri ex rel Gaines v. Canada (1939)
B) Davis v. County School Board (1953)
C) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
D) Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

Question 43

What often precipitated significantly increased activity on a broader scale to end racial segregation?

A) Lynchings
B) Poll taxes
C) African American veterans returning from war
D) None of the above

Question 44

The civil rights movement was

A) a highly structured social movement, led by a large organization from the top.
B) a collection of small local movements that constituted a larger movement.
C) a movement led solely by the elite in Black society.
D) a movement led solely by the least well off in Black society.

Question 45

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was

A) an organization of college students dedicated to continuing the campaign for social justice, which had been started by the North Carolina A&T students.
B) a group designed to be the umbrella organization that would link church-based affiliates throughout the South in the nonviolent struggle for racial justice.
C) a group that eventually created the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
D) a group formed in 1954 in Mississippi to prevent the implementation of Brown v. Board of Education, with membership consisting of plantation owners, bankers, doctors, legislators, and others opposed to Black civil rights.

Question 46

The White Citizens Council was

A) an organization of college students dedicated to continuing the campaign for social justice, which had been started by the North Carolina A&T students.
B) a group designed to be the umbrella organization that would link church-based affiliates throughout the South in the nonviolent struggle for racial justice.
C) a group that eventually created the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
D) a group formed in 1954 in Mississippi to prevent the implementation of Brown v. Board of Education, with membership consisting of plantation owners, bankers, doctors, legislators, and others opposed to Black civil rights.

Question 47

The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was

A) an organization of college students dedicated to continuing the campaign for social justice, which had been started by the North Carolina A&T students.
B) a group designed to be the umbrella organization that would link church-based affiliates throughout the South in the nonviolent struggle for racial justice.
C) a group that eventually created the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE).
D) a group formed in 1954 in Mississippi to prevent the implementation of Brown v. Board of Education, with membership consisting of plantation owners, bankers, doctors, legislators, and others opposed to Black civil rights.

Question 48

What was one of the main methods employed by the activists in the civil rights movement?

A) Violent riots and protests
B) Anonymous threats and demands against politicians
C) Nonviolent civil disobedience
D) None of the above

Question 49

In response to demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963, the police commissioner "Bull" Connor implemented which of the following against the Black demonstrators, many of whom were schoolchildren and teenagers?

A) Dog attacks
B) High-pressure fire hoses
C) Beatings with night sticks
D) All of the above

Question 50

Which president managed to get Congress to enact a Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act in consecutive years?

A) Truman
B) Eisenhower
C) Kennedy
D) Johnson

Question 51

The early origins of the women's suffrage movement were

A) increased awareness of shared grievances and poor conditions.
B) growth of the antislavery movement.
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 52

The Seneca Falls Convention (the first women's rights convention in the United States) was held in July of

A) 1848.
B) 1868.
C) 1888.
D) 1908.

Question 53

Why did the women's movement split into two groups in the debate over the Fifteenth Amendment?

A) Some did not like that the Fifteenth Amendment was going to allow suffrage for women.
B) Some did not like that the Fifteenth Amendment was going only going to extend suffrage to Black men.
C) Some did not like that the Fifteenth Amendment was going to allow suffrage for White women and Black men, but not for Black women.
D) None of the above

Question 54

Which of the following did the Black women's club movement (beginning in the 1890s) seek to provide for the uplift of Black communities?

A) Women's suffrage
B) Health
C) Education
D) All of the above

Question 55

The Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in _______, giving women the right to vote in federal elections.

A) 1870
B) 1905
C) 1920
D) 1965

Question 56

When did the second stage of the women's rights movement begin?

A) 1930
B) 1940
C) 1950
D) 1960

Question 57

The first president to appoint a commission on the status of women was President

A) Kennedy.
B) Johnson.
C) Nixon.
D) Carter.

Question 58

The presidential commission on the status of women led to the

A) Equal Pay Act of 1963.
B) Equal Opportunity Act of 1963.
C) Equal Rights Amendment of 1963.
D) None of the above

Question 59

How does Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act pertain to women?

A) It outlaws disenfranchisement based on sex.
B) It outlaws political discrimination based on sex.
C) It outlaws domestic violence.
D) It outlaws employment discrimination based on sex.

Question 60

What is the purpose of the Equal Rights Amendment?

A) To ensure equality of rights under the law, regardless of sex
B) To ensure equality of rights under the law, regardless of race
C) To ensure equality of rights under the law, regardless of religion
D) To ensure equality of rights under the law, regardless of disability

Question 61

When was the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) ratified?

A) 1952
B) 1962
C) 1972
D) Never ratified

Question 62

What did the second stage of the women's rights movement accomplish?

A) Open opportunities for women in professional fields
B) Protect women in the workplace
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

Question 63

What contributed to the success of the STOP ERA campaign?

A) Women's support for the campaign
B) The campaign's arguments for how it would disadvantage women
C) The overwhelming presence of men in state legislatures
D) All of the above

Question 64

One of the major methods used in the labor movement has been

A) violent protest.
B) union organization.
C) nonviolent civil discussions.
D) All of the above

Question 65

By 1866, the _______ formed with the purpose of protecting skilled labor.

A) National Federation of Labor
B) National Confederation of Unions
C) American Federation of Labor
D) American Confederation of Unions

Question 66

Many civil rights activists had been members of the

A) American Federation of Labor.
B) Knights of Labor.
C) National Federation of Labor.
D) Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Maids.

Question 67

Which of the following was not achieved through the labor movement?

A) 8-hour work day, 40-hour work week
B) Health care for all workers
C) Minimum wage
D) Prohibition of child labor

Question 68

In which year did the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merged to form the AFL-CIO?

A) 1843
B) 1887
C) 1929
D) 1955

Question 69

President _______ was well-known for actively supporting antiunion policies.

A) Truman
B) Reagan
C) Clinton
D) Obama

Question 70

The establishment of _______ was not a direct result of the environmental movement.

A) Memorial Day
B) Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA)
C) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
D) Earth Day

Question 71

The intentional or unintentional racial discrimination in the enforcement of environmental laws and regulations and in the targeting of racial minority communities for the siting of pollution-producing industries or hazardous waste sites is known as

A) racial targeting.
B) environmental racism.
C) race-based environmentalism.
D) minority targeting.

Question 72

Which group developed the beginning of the anti-Vietnam War movement in the early 1960s?

A) Business executives
B) Protestant Christian groups
C) Right-wing politicians
D) College students

Question 73

How were the antiwar and civil rights movements connected?

A) They had many of the same members and purposes.
B) They often combined their demonstration efforts.
C) Their time periods overlapped.
D) They were in no way connected.

Question 74

Which of the following was an argument against the Vietnam War?

A) Middle- and upper-class people and college students could more easily get a draft deferment.
B) The draft disproportionately affected Black youth and they were more likely to see combat.
C) The war had extreme casualties.
D) All of the above

Question 75

The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender movement is

A) a highly structured social movement, led by a large organization from the top.
B) a collection of small, group-based movements that constitute a larger movement.
C) a movement led solely by college students.
D) None of the above

Question 76

The LGBT movement dates back to the

A) seventeenth century.
B) eighteenth century.
C) nineteenth century.
D) twentieth century.

Question 77

The first gay pride march was held a year after the

A) Stonewall riots.
B) nationwide criminalization of homosexuality.
C) creation of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force.
D) None of the above

Question 78

In 2019 union membership dropped to its lowest point, with only what percentage of the workforce being members of a union?

A) 25
B) 20
C) 15
D) 10

Question 79

The death of Matthew Shepard in 1998 after being lured out of a bar and murdered because he was gay is an example of

A) a catalyst.
B) shared grievances.
C) a supportive environment.
D) political activism.

Question 80

Which president signed the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act?

A) Clinton
B) Bush
C) Obama
D) It has not been signed.