Question 1

The central premise of the nursing as caring theory is that:&#10;A) persons are caring from moment to moment.&#10;B) persons are not whole or complete on their own.&#10;C) persons cannot be caring until they enter into relationships with others.&#10;D) all persons are caring by virtue of their humanness.

Accepted Answer

The nursing as caring theory posits that all individuals inherently possess the capacity to care simply because they are human.

Question 2

In Boykin and Schoenhoefer's theory, the _________ is the lived experience between a patient and a nurse that affects each person's personhood.&#10;A) collaborative situation&#10;B) call for nursing&#10;C) nursing situation&#10;D) call for caring

Accepted Answer

The "nursing situation" in Boykin and Schoenhoefer's theory refers to the lived experience between a patient and a nurse that influences each person's personhood.

Question 3

Jean Watson is most closely associated with which framework for nursing?&#10;A) The theory of human caring&#10;B) The nursing as caring theory&#10;C) The middle-range theory of caring&#10;D) The quality-caring model

Accepted Answer

Jean Watson is most closely associated with the theory of human caring, which emphasizes the humanistic aspects of nursing in combination with scientific knowledge.

Question 4

In Watson's framework, a caring occasion occurs whenever:&#10;A) a nurse delivers one or more specific nursing interventions to a patient.&#10;B) a nurse abandons his or her unique subjective reality and assumes that of another person.&#10;C) a patient abandons his or her unique subjective reality and assumes that of the nurse.&#10;D) a nurse and another person come together with their unique subjective realities and seek to connect in the present.

Accepted Answer

In Watson's framework, a caring occasion is defined as the moment when a nurse and another person come together with their unique subjective realities and seek to connect in the present, emphasizing the mutual and reciprocal nature of the caring relationship.

Question 5

The clinical caritas approach differs from the theory of human caring in that:&#10;A) it places a lower emphasis upon the sacred and does not assume any connection between caring, spirituality, and human love.&#10;B) it allows for the presence of existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces.&#10;C) it places greater emphasis upon the sacred and highlights the connections between caring, spirituality, and human love.&#10;D) it disavows the presence of existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces.

Accepted Answer

The clinical caritas approach emphasizes the sacred and highlights the connections between caring, spirituality, and human love, which is a key distinction from the broader theory of human caring.

Question 6

What is an example of incorporating Watson's theory of human caring into the clinical area?&#10;A) Eliminating walking rounds&#10;B) Limiting visitor hours in critical care areas&#10;C) Encouraging the use of evidence-based practice&#10;D) Creating healing spaces for nurse time-outs

Accepted Answer

Creating healing spaces for nurse time-outs aligns with Watson's theory of human caring, which emphasizes creating a supportive and nurturing environment for both patients and healthcare providers.

Question 7

Darrell is a critical care nurse. In his work, Darrell takes great care to engage in behaviors that let his patients know that they matter to him, and he is careful to assure each individual patient that he appreciates his or her unique reality. In doing these things, Darrell is carrying out which caring behavior identified in Swanson's middle-range theory?

A) Knowing
B) Being with
C) Doing for
D) Enabling

Accepted Answer

Darrell is engaging in the caring behavior of "Being with" by taking great care to engage in behaviors that let his patients know that they matter to him, and he is careful to assure each individual patient that he appreciates his or her unique reality.

Question 8

Joanne Duffy was inspired to create the quality-caring model by what she saw as:&#10;A) the marginalization of caring behaviors as greater emphasis began to be placed on procedures, tasks, technology, and cost containment.&#10;B) a measurable drop in the quality of patient outcomes as nurses focused more on caring than on clinical competency.&#10;C) the complete disconnect between caring behaviors and the quality of patient outcomes.&#10;D) the lack of a one-size-fits-all approach to caring for patients of all types.

Accepted Answer

Joanne Duffy was inspired to create the quality-caring model due to the marginalization of caring behaviors as healthcare began to focus more on procedures, tasks, technology, and cost containment, which she believed compromised the quality of patient care.

Question 9

According to Duffy, caring relationships differ from collaborative relationships in that:&#10;A) nurses are solely accountable for collaborative relationships but not for caring relationships.&#10;B) patients are solely accountable for caring relationships but not for collaborative relationships.&#10;C) nurses are solely accountable for caring relationships but not for collaborative relationships.&#10;D) patients are solely accountable for collaborative relationships but not for caring relationships.

Accepted Answer

In Duffy's framework, nurses are primarily responsible for establishing and maintaining caring relationships, whereas collaborative relationships involve shared accountability between nurses and patients.

Question 10

The revised quality-caring model states that the following relationships are necessary for quality caring except:&#10;A) Relationship with community&#10;B) Relationship with a higher power&#10;C) Relationship with healthcare team&#10;D) Relationship with self

Accepted Answer

The revised quality-caring model emphasizes relationships with the community, healthcare team, and self as necessary for quality caring, but not specifically with a higher power.

Deck 22: Theories Focused on Caring