Deck 8: Eastern North America

Question 1

These rivers were critical to the lives of ancient people in Eastern North America except:

A) the Indus River.
B) the Mississippi River.
C) the Missouri River.
D) the Ohio River.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

_____________ was introduced to Eastern North America from Mexico/Mesoamerica during the Woodland period.

A) Wild goosefoot
B) Maize
C) Sunflower
D) Marsh elder

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_____________ were introduced to Eastern North America from Mexico/Mesoamerica during the Woodland period.

A) Knotweed seeds
B) May grass seeds
C) Marsh elder seeds
D) Beans

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Late Archaic peoples in Eastern North America were _________ dependent on food production economies than their contemporaries in the Southwest.

A) less
B) more
C) A and B
D) None of the above

Question 5

__________________, a Late Archaic period site in Kentucky, featured more than 1100 burials.

A) Indian Knoll
B) Chetro Ketl
C) Blombos Cave
D) Boxgrove

Question 6

The social complexity of the Late Archaic is reflected by _________ building.

A) midden
B) mound
C) pithouse
D) chariot

Question 7

The people who built the mounds of Poverty Point beginning in 1750 cal BC were primarily _____________________.

A) Neandertals
B) hunter-gatherer-foragers
C) pastoralists
D) intensive agriculturalists

Question 8

The Poverty Point site centered on _________________________.

A) four step pyramids
B) T-shaped stone pillars with animal motifs
C) mammoth bone dwellings
D) a series of concentric earthen ridges

Question 9

Late Archaic sites in the coastal Southeast sometimes included monumental rings composed of _______________.

A) mammoth bone
B) turquoise
C) clam and oyster shell
D) copper discs

Question 10

The Early Woodland period began around ______________________.

A) 2187 cal BC
B) 1000 cal BC
C) AD 1
D) the Phoenix Basin

Question 11

The ________________ tradition emerged during the Early Woodland in Eastern North America.

A) Oldowan
B) Solutrean
C) Hohokam
D) Adena

Question 12

The Early Woodland was followed by the ___________________ about 200 cal BC.

A) Minoan period
B) Spanish conquest
C) Middle Woodland period
D) Poverty Point period

Question 13

The ________________ followed the Adena tradition and had a similar emphasis on mound building.

A) Hopewell tradition
B) Goodwill tradition
C) Mogollon tradition
D) Colonial period

Question 14

___________________ is often described as the largest precontact city in the Americas north of Mexico.

A) Indian Knoll
B) Cahokia
C) Sapelo Island
D) Pueblo Bonito

Question 15

Which of these artifacts was found in great quantities at the Hopewell Site?

A) Copper earspools
B) Sankara stones
C) Mimbres bowls
D) Chachapoyan fertility idols

Question 16

In Eastern North America, the Middle Woodland period was followed by the ___________________ after AD 400.

A) Younger Dryas
B) Late Woodland
C) Pioneer Period
D) Neolithic

Question 17

Hopewell material culture included animal effigies, such as a(n) ______________ pipe.

A) raven
B) ostrich egg shell
C) silver
D) horse bone

Question 18

Cahokia's largest mound is called _____________ Mound.

A) Monk's
B) Birdman's
C) Pharaoh's
D) Serpent

Question 19

Members of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere acquired _________________ from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.

A) copper
B) macaw feathers
C) marine shell
D) turquoise

Question 20

Elite members of society probably had the most influence at _______________________.

A) Indian Knoll
B) Poverty Point
C) Sapelo Island Shell Ring Complex
D) Cahokia

Question 21

Chunkey appears to have had social consequences in Eastern North America. What is it?

A) A social hierarchy
B) A game
C) A domesticated seed
D) A religious symbol

Question 22

At Cahokia, ________________ contained elite burials.

A) Mound 72
B) Sima de los Huesos
C) Cougar Canyon
D) Birdman's Tomb

Question 23

Which of these images was not common in imagery from the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex?

A) Snakes
B) Males wearing costumes
C) Bison
D) Decapitations

Question 24

Which of these sites was not part of "Greater Cahokia"?

A) East St. Louis Site
B) Etowah
C) Mound City Site
D) All of the above

Question 25

Based on ethnohistoric records and archaeological evidence, Mississippian women focused on ___________________.

A) hunting and fishing
B) woodworking
C) food preparation tasks
D) making bows and arrows

Question 26

Based on ethnohistoric records and archaeological evidence, Mississippian men focused on ___________________.

A) hunting and fishing
B) grinding and cooking
C) field preparation
D) collecting wild foods like nuts and shellfish

Question 27

Floodplain areas around Cahokia were particularly well suited for ___________ agriculture.

A) barley
B) dry
C) maize
D) terrace

Question 28

The Poverty Point earthworks were constructed using:

A) alien tractor beams.
B) digging sticks and baskets.
C) draft animals.
D) copper ploughs.

Question 29

Burials including adult males with removed heads and hands may reflect _______________.

A) trophy-taking
B) birth defects
C) egalitarian culture
D) maize agriculture

Question 30

Mississippian period peoples ground paints on ____________________.

A) nut shells
B) stone palettes
C) chunkeys
D) baskets

Question 31

The Hopewell tradition is a clearly-defined multiregional culture with little variation.

Question 32

The bow and arrow was introduced to Eastern North America during the Late Woodland, about AD 1400.

Question 33

Sunflower was an early plant domesticate in the North American East.

Question 34

The Natchez are descended from earlier Mississippian cultures.

Question 35

The shape of chunkey can be accurately described discoid.

Question 36

Sub-Mound 51 at Cahokia included evidence of feasting.

Question 37

Unlike Chaco Canyon, Cahokia had easy access to permanent rivers and streams.

Question 38

Moundville, a Late Mississippian period site, is located in present-day Alabama.

Question 39

Cahokia was abandoned in part due to diseases carried by Spanish Conquistadors.

Question 40

Members of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere acquired copper from the Great Lakes region.

Question 41

Describe Adena mound burials.

Question 42

What was the most extraordinary aspect of Poverty Point?

Question 43

Why do archaeologists use the term Hopewell Interaction Sphere instead of "Hopewell Culture"?

Question 44

What are some common artistic images in the "Southeastern Ceremonial Complex"?

Question 45

What exotic material, imported from the Great Lakes region, played a major role in the ritual and ceremony of Eastern North America?

Question 46

What were two general interpretations of the Sapelo Island Ring Complex?

Question 47

What is chunkey? What roles did this game play in the social life of Cahokia?

Question 48

How does Monk's Mound at Cahokia compare to the Pyramid of Cheops at Giza in terms of size?

Question 49

How were Late Mississippian groups affected by Spanish diseases in the mid-AD 1500s?

Question 50

How do archaeologists interpret the function of Cahokia's "Woodhenge"?

Question 51

Burials throughout Eastern North America provide evidence of differences in social status. What are some material remains (and patterns) that might signify an elite individual?

Question 52

Describe some advantages that allowed Cahokia to sustain a much larger population than Chaco Canyon.

Question 53

Describe the site of Moundville and its relationship with Cahokia.

Question 54

What does the spatial arrangement of mounds at Poverty Point reveal about social relations and ranking at the site?

Question 55

How can archaeologists distinguish feasting from everyday subsistence at sites in Eastern North America?