Deck 4: A World of Modern Humans

Question 1

Anatomically modern Homo sapiens and __________________ coexisted in Europe until about 40,000 cal BC.

A) Ardi
B) Homo floresiensis
C) Lucy
D) Neandertals

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Anatomically modern Homo sapiens and Homo floresiensis coexisted on Flores, Indonesia, as late as _________________ cal BC.

A) 2600
B) 17,000
C) 40,000
D) 60,000

Answer 2

D

Question 3

________________________ is the time period in Africa beginning before 50,000 cal BC; it is characterized by modern humans with modern human behaviors, including abundant evidence of symbolism.

A) Epigravettian
B) Solutrean
C) Later Stone Age
D) Mesolithic

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of these continents was the last to be colonized by humans?

A) Africa
B) Australia
C) Europe
D) South America

Question 5

During the LSA there was a shift to making ___________________ which are assumed to represent pieces that are combined to create composite tools.

A) microliths
B) choppers
C) Folsom points
D) phytoliths

Question 6

New Guinea, Australia, and Tasmania once formed a contiguous land mass called:

A) Salish.
B) Sahul.
C) Swanscombe.
D) Sunda.

Question 7

Parts of modern-day Indonesia and Southeast Asia were once linked in the _________________ land mass.

A) Salish
B) Sahul
C) Swanscombe
D) Sunda

Question 8

_______________________ was an archaeological culture of the European Upper Paleolithic.

A) Aurignacian
B) Atlatl
C) Altamira
D) Acheulian

Question 9

Red ochre is a ____________________.

A) small deer
B) mineral pigment
C) flowering plant
D) Later Stone Age culture

Question 10

_________________ is a material used by both LSA hunter-gatherer-foragers and modern Kalahari hunter-gatherer-foragers.

A) Ostrich eggshell
B) Fired clay
C) Bronze
D) Kangaroo skin

Question 11

Enkapune ya Muto in Kenya is also known as __________________________.

A) Grasshopper Cave
B) Denisova Cave
C) Paisley Cave
D) Twilight Cave

Question 12

Mammoth steppe was probably a _________________ habitat for hunter-gatherers.

A) hot, humid
B) productive
C) lifeless
D) restrictive

Question 13

Mammoth bone was used as _________________ by Epi-Gravettian people.

A) a building material
B) fuel for fires
C) A and B
D) None of the above

Question 14

An atlatl is also called a __________________________.

A) spearthrower
B) adze handle
C) termite stick
D) bow-and-arrow

Question 15

____________________ is recognized as a "pre-Clovis" site.

A) Lindenmeier
B) Blackwater Draw
C) Folsom
D) Monte Verde

Question 16

"Venus" figurines often have exaggerated _______________ features.

A) sexual
B) skeletal
C) facial
D) behavioral

Question 17

Dolní Vĕstonice is located in__________________.

A) Sunda
B) the Horn of Africa
C) Morocco
D) the Czech Republic

Question 18

Dolní Vĕstonice and Sungir both featured burials including people with ________________.

A) iron staffs
B) skeletal signs of extreme old age
C) physical impairments
D) cancerous growths

Question 19

Lascaux included a painting of a stick figure known as ____________________.

A) "bird man"
B) "priest-king"
C) "fish boy"
D) "the wizard"

Question 20

Kara-Bom is a significant Siberian site dating to approximately ____________________.

A) 10,800 cal BC
B) 19,000 cal BC
C) 45,000 cal BC
D) 112,000 cal BC

Question 21

The "ice-free corridor" allowed passage south of Alaska about _____________________.

A) 3700 cal BC
B) 11,500 cal BC
C) 26,000 cal BC
D) 45,000 cal BC

Question 22

The site of ___________________ in Ukraine features mammoth bone structures.

A) Hohle Fels
B) Sloth Hole
C) Chauvet
D) Mezhirich

Question 23

Genetic evidence links the first Americans most directly to ___________________ founding populations.

A) Cantabrian
B) Siberian
C) Solutrean
D) Caribbean

Question 24

"The ________________ hypothesis stresses the impact of hunting on animals that had no prior experience with humans . . . " (2016:113).

A) overkill
B) multiregional
C) balanced
D) shock and awe

Question 25

The ice-free corridor passed between the _____________ and ______________ Glaciers.

A) Solutrean; Mousterian
B) Cordilleran; Laurentide
C) Laurentide; Yukon Cornelius
D) Alaskan; Siberian

Question 26

Hohle Fels in Germany yielded a ______________ bone flute.

A) bird
B) human
C) lion
D) mammoth

Question 27

The earliest paintings of Chauvet Cave in France date to about:

A) 97,000 cal BC
B) 50,000 cal BC
C) 35,000 cal BC
D) 12,600 cal BC

Question 28

The double burial at Sungir, Russia, contains a male and female, both __________________.

A) infants
B) children
C) adults
D) elderly

Question 29

The Eastern Gravettian people of Dolní Vĕstonice experimented with ceramic technology ___________________ years before it appears elsewhere in the archaeological record.

A) 500
B) 2400
C) 15,000
D) 36,000

Question 30

Which of these human traits did not change very much during the Upper Paleolithic?

A) Art
B) Bipedality
C) Burials
D) Social complexity

Question 31

The most common subjects in Upper Paleolithic cave art are animals.

Question 32

Altamira in Spain includes the famous Hall of the Snakes.

Question 33

An atlatl acts as an extension of the arm, allowing hunters to throw projectiles much farther.

Question 34

"Venus" figurines are not found in Morocco.

Question 35

The Monte Verde site lends support to the coastal route interpretation of the peopling of the Americas.

Question 36

The Ice-Free corridor has been disproven as a possible route for the peopling of the Americas.

Question 37

The first humans to reach Sahul crossed a water gap of 200 miles.

Question 38

Clovis culture is associated with fluted spear points.

Question 39

Why do archaeologists consider composite tools to be a significant innovation?

Question 40

How do changing sea levels affect the archaeological record?

Question 41

What is the behavioral significance of flaked stone scaled pieces at the Grotte des Contrebandiers site in Morocco?

Question 42

How did mammoth steppe benefit Pleistocene hunter-gatherer-forager groups?

Question 43

What are entoptic phenomena? How do they relate to interpretations of cave art?

Question 44

What is Sahul? Why do we no longer use this place name?

Question 45

Clovis and Folsom points are referred to as "fluted." What does this mean?

Question 46

What is the significance of pre-Clovis sites like Wally's Beach, Schaefer Mammoth Site, and Monte Verde? Why did it take so long for these sites to be accepted as older than Clovis occupations?

Question 47

Briefly describe the "hunting magic" explanation of Upper Paleolithic cave art.

Question 48

Why do archaeologists and other scholars sometimes associate "Venus" figurines with fertility?

Question 49

What are three archaeologically identifiable symbolic behaviors performed by Homo sapiens in the Later Stone Age/Upper Paleolithic? Provide examples of each behavior.

Question 50

What factors contributed to the extinction of Australian and American megafauna?

Question 51

How were Clovis hunter-gatherer-foragers more complex than the "big game hunter" stereotype? Provide specific examples from Chapter 4.

Question 52

Why would a postprocessual archaeologist disagree with the "art for the sake of art" interpretation of Upper Paleolithic cave paintings? What factors would a postprocessualist seek to emphasize in his or her interpretation?

Question 53

How did archaeologists use ethnographic analogy (modern Kalahari foragers) to interpret ostrich eggshell beads at the Enkapune ya Muto site? What are the limitations of ethnographic analogy?