Deck 23: Translational Research: Generating Evidence for Practice

Question 1

Twelve-hour shifts are problematic for patient and nurse safety, yet hospitals continue to keep the 12-hour shift schedule. In 2004, the Institute of Medicine (Board on Health Care Services & Institute of Medicine, 2004) published a report that referred to studies as early as 1988 that discussed the negative effects of rotating shifts on intervention accuracy. Workers with 12-hour shifts experienced more fatigue than workers on 8-hour shifts. In another study done in Turkey by Ilhan, Durukan, Aras, Turkcuoglu, and Aygun (2006), factors relating to increased risk for injury were age of 24 years or younger, less than 4 years of nursing experience, working in surgical intensive care units, and working for more than 8 hours. As a clinician reading these studies, what would your next step be?

Answer 1

No Answer

Question 2

The use of heparin versus saline to maintain the patency of peripheral intravenous catheters has been addressed in research for many years. The American Society of Health System Pharmacists (ASHSP) published a position paper in January 2006 advocating its support of the use of 0.9% saline in the maintenance of peripheral catheters in nonpregnant adults. It seems surprising that this position paper references articles that advocate the use of saline over heparin dating from 1991. What do you believe are some of the barriers that would have caused this delay in implementation?

Answer 2

No Answer

Question 3

The most reliable source of research evidence for informing practice is:

A) the opinion of experts.
B) qualitative research.
C) quasi-experimental research.
D) the randomized controlled trial.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Qualitative research on a practice intervention provides insights into:

A) the patient's subjective opinion of the effectiveness of the intervention.
B) the scientific basis of the intervention.
C) the cost effectiveness of the intervention.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 5

A meta-analysis helps to generate new practice evidence and knowledge by:

A) combining results of quantitative and qualitative studies.
B) examining the theoretical basis of the research literature.
C) providing guidelines for designing laboratory-based experiments to generate new evidence.
D) using statistical methods to combine the results of several quantitative studies.

Question 6

PsychInfo, OTR Seeker, and SpeechBITE are examples of:

A) healthcare journals.
B) online databases.
C) credible information sources.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 7

To gain skill at using a database, a healthcare professional could:

A) consult a reference librarian.
B) complete an online survey.
C) shadow a physician.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 8

The act of removing the outer package of a software CD obligates the user to abide by licensing restrictions. This is known as:

A) shrink wrap license.
B) digital license.
C) copyright infringement.
D) None of these is correct.

Question 9

Context of care evidence may be gathered from:

A) audit and performance data.
B) the culture of the organization.
C) local or national policy.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

Quantitative data collection tools or instruments include questionnaires, interviews, surveys, quizzes, assessments, email interviews, and Web-based surveys.

Question 11

Extremely varied in nature, quantitative data can include nearly any information that can be captured and is not numerical.

Question 12

When a database has full text capability, one must order articles through interlibrary loan.

Question 13

A domain suffix is a good way to determine the credibility of a website.

Question 14

The time between research dissemination and clinical translation is typically 1 to 2 months.

Question 15

Most software developers allow for a backup of the software to be used in the case of a hardware failure.

Question 16

Copyright violators may be fined or prosecuted.

Question 17

A nurse identifies a problem in clinical care and subsequently develops a clinical question. This process is known as:

A) evidence-based practice.
B) research utilization.
C) translational research.
D) clinical informatics research.

Question 18

A nurse is reviewing a randomized controlled trial that was published in a medical journal. Which of the following must the nurse apply in order to use this evidence in nursing care?

A) Nursing theory
B) Medical knowledge
C) Esthetic criticism
D) Personal opinion

Question 19

A nurse researcher is teaching a nursing student about qualitative research and evidence-based practice. Which statement by the nurse researcher is correct?

A) "Qualitative research may not be considered evidenced-based practice because there are not methods to synthesize the evidence."
B) "Qualitative research does not produce evidence that can impact patient outcomes and clinical care."
C) "Qualitative research does not ask research questions that are related to nursing clinical practice."
D) "Qualitative research is the highest-quality evidence that is available because it comes from the patient's lived experiences."

Question 20

A nurse researcher would like to collect survey data that will be emailed to nurses in a healthcare organization. Which informatics tool would be appropriate for the nurse researcher to use?

A) Research electronic data capture (REDCap)
B) Social media
C) RefWorks
D) A deidentified clinical data repository

Question 21

A nurse researcher is initiating an evidence-based research project and understands that the initial step in translating research into practice is which of the following?

A) Identifying the problem, issue, or topic in nursing practice
B) Performing a comprehensive literature review of nursing journals
C) Conducting an analysis of the patient outcomes and results
D) Adapting practice to include the research

Question 22

A nurse is teaching a peer about the Open Access Initiative and explains that the Internet serves as which of the following?

A) A library of knowledge
B) A consistent source of evidence-based practice
C) A repository of translational research
D) A vehicle of clinical best practices

Question 23

A nurse researcher is searching open access journals and understands that funding for these articles comes from which of the following?

A) Donations and grants
B) Charges to the readers
C) Charges to the authors
D) Charges to the health organizations

Question 24

A nurse researcher is teaching a nursing student about meta-analysis. Which statement by the nurse researcher is true?

A) "Meta-analyses typically include quantitative studies."
B) "Qualitative studies are excluded from meta-analyses because of the lack of rigor."
C) "Meta-analyses are always useful even if the studies contained in the review are not rigorous."
D) "Meta-analyses do not typically include reference lists."

Question 25

For evidence-based practice to be adopted into a workplace culture, leaders of the organization must support its use.

Question 26

Bias occurs in systematic reviews only if all sources of evidence are not investigated.

Question 27

A nurse recognizes that there is an increase in urinary tract infections when urinary catheters are left in place more than 24 hours. The nurse questions, "Does leaving catheters in place more than 24 hours increase the risk of infection?" The nurse has initiated which method of research?

A) Evidence-based practice
B) Translational research
C) Clinical research informatics
D) Research utilization

Question 28

What type of research study is considered to be the most reliable source of evidence?

A) A randomized controlled trial
B) A qualitative, descriptive study
C) A clinical informatics research study
D) A case review in a medical journal

Question 29

A nurse is reading a nursing research article and would like to translate the findings into clinical practice. Which of the following can help the nurse bridge the gap between research and practice?

A) Identify a clinical mentor who can help with understanding the research.
B) Initiate a nursing research study in the patient care nursing unit.
C) Seek the opinion of an experienced peer to see if the research is valid.
D) Ask a physician to explain the research findings and utility in nursing practice.

Question 30

A nurse administrator seeks to increase access to evidence-based care content at the point of care by providing which of the following?

A) Access to library databases
B) Incentives to nurses who use evidence-based practice
C) Access to complex computer systems
D) Standardized nursing terminology

Question 31

A nursing instructor is teaching nursing students on informatics and evidence-based practice, which are key competencies in which of the following?

A) Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
B) National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC)
C) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
D) Translating Research into Practice Initiative (TRIP-II)

Question 32

A nurse is reviewing a meta-analysis and understands that this is a form of which type of research?

A) Systematic review
B) Randomized clinical trial
C) Translational research
D) Nonexperimental research

Question 33

A nurse is conducting a literature search for meta-analysis and should begin with which of the following?

A) A search of bibliographic databases
B) A review of unpublished dissertations
C) A review of nursing editorials
D) A review of conference abstracts

Question 34

A nurse is using open access for a literature search and is able to obtain which of the following?

A) Peer-reviewed, free journal articles
B) Clinical guidelines produced by the federal government
C) Nursing research articles with a small associated cost
D) Evidence-based practice quality initiative templates

Question 35

Repetition of research studies is needed to advance knowledge.

Question 36

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality seeks to improve patient outcomes through the promotion of research and technology applications focused on evidence-based practice.