Deck 18: Maternal and Child Health As a Social Problem Maternal and Infant Mortality

Question 1

Which of these countries has the overall lowest infant mortality rate in the world?

A) Sweden
B) Japan
C) United States
D) Canada

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is the most public health-oriented kind of care the medical profession provides?

A) Prenatal care
B) Postnatal care
C) Outreach programs
D) Food assistance programs

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The "morning after pill," a form of emergency contraception, can be taken up to how long after unprotected intercourse to prevent ovulation or implantation?

A) 24 hours
B) 48 hours
C) 5 days
D) 7 days

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The infant mortality rate in America is very high compared with that of other industrialized countries.

Question 5

The IMR in the United States is the 27th lowest in the world.

Question 6

From 1915 to 2018, the infant mortality rate in the United States dropped from 10% to less than 1%.

Question 7

In the United States, black and Hispanic babies born on the same day as white babies have a higher risk of death as infants.

Question 8

A common contributing factor to the IMR in inner cities is the prevalence of lead.

Question 9

The amount of folic acid used for fortification is sufficient to provide a maximum protective effects, therefore, young women would not require supplementation with folic acid supplements.

Question 10

Epidemiologists find that the number one risk factor for infant mortality is __________________.

Question 11

The use of ______________________ during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital heart defects and neural tube defects.

Question 12

The nutritional side of maternal and child health programs began in the 1890s with ______________________.

Question 13

From 1986 to 2016, the rate of breastfeeding of infants discharged from the hospital rose by about ______________________ %.

Question 14

whats the event to the appropriate year.
-New York City established milk stations that provided safe milk

Question 15

whats the event to the appropriate year.
-Establishment of the Children's Bureau

Question 16

whats the event to the appropriate year.
-Congress first provided grants to states to develop health services for mothers and children

Question 17

whats the event to the appropriate year.
-The federal government funded state "crippled children programs" that provide diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitative services for children with special needs

Question 18

whats the congenital malformation to the appropriate description.
-Have a well-known genetic basis and can be detected by genetic screening

Question 19

whats the congenital malformation to the appropriate description.
-Defect in body chemistry that can be remedied by early diagnosis and treatment

Question 20

whats the congenital malformation to the appropriate description.
-Once a common cause of deafness and mental retardation is now prevented by immunization

Question 21

whats the congenital malformation to the appropriate description.
-May be caused in part by a deficiency in folic acid, a B-vitamin present in green leafy vegetables, dried beans, liver, orange juice, and grapefruit juice

Question 22

The epidemic of birth defects in Minamata, Japan, caused by mercury contamination of the bay from a source, is an extreme example of what type of cause of infant mortality?

A) Nutritional
B) Medical
C) Environmental
D) Social

Question 23

Which of the following, which is highly toxic to the developing nervous system, is a common contaminant in the American inner city, both from deteriorating paint and old plumbing?

A) Mercury
B) Sulfur
C) Lead
D) Zinc

Question 24

Which agency recommends that all pregnant women should be screened for common infections and treated if infected?

A) World Health Organization
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
C) American Medical Association
D) National Institutes of Health

Question 25

The generally lower socioeconomic status of African Americans in the United States accounts in large part for their higher infant mortality rate.

Question 26

Infants are more likely to develop respiratory infections or die of SIDS when family members smoke in the home.

Question 27

Apparently for biological reasons, teenage mothers are more likely to deliver premature infants than older women of the same socioeconomic status.

Question 28

The most recent improvement in the U.S. infant mortality rate is due to better treatments for highly vulnerable infants.

Question 29

Prenatal care should wait until a woman is pregnant.

Question 30

Blacks and Hispanics receive prenatal care at a rate about 10% to 15% lower than whites.

Question 31

Better educated women tend to breastfeed at higher rates.

Question 32

The origins of government food assistance programs in the United States, such as WIC, go back to the 1930s.

Question 33

____________________ is a state that occurs when persons perceive that demands exceed their ability to cope.

Question 34

Alcohol is a ___________________ and fetal alcohol syndrome is a risk for children of mothers who are problem drinkers.

Question 35

Whats the associated risk of the behavior?
-Higher risk for bearing a child with a broad range of birth defects

Question 36

Whats the associated risk of the behavior?
-Increases risk of premature birth and certain birth defects such as cleft lip and cleft palate

Question 37

Whats the associated risk of the behavior?
-Increases risk of congenital heart defects and neural tube defects

Question 38

Whats the associated risk of the behavior?
-Severe neural tube defects such as anencephaly and spina bifida

Question 39

Whats the appropriate description of the term?
-Account for more than 20 percent of infant deaths and are preventable in many cases

Question 40

Whats the appropriate description of the term?
-Are required to reach women who do not seek early prenatal care

Question 41

Whats the appropriate description of the term?
-Leading cause of infant death causing over one-third of these deaths

Question 42

Whats the appropriate description of the term?
-Third leading cause of infant death overall, always unexpected, and not well understood