Deck 10: The Resurgence of Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Which of the following, like HIV, is an RNA virus that is constantly changing its appearance and adept at eluding recognition by the human immune system?

A) Ebola virus
B) Influenza virus
C) Monkeypox virus
D) SARS virus

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Several studies have found the circumcision protects men against contracting HIV from infected women.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The HIV virus is unable to be transmitted to breast-fed babies through their mother's milk.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

For many patients, HIV infection has become a chronic disease, necessitating life-long therapy but enabling them to live a relatively normal life.

Question 5

In the United States, by 2016, approximately 400,000 people had died from AIDS.

Question 6

Both kinds of human retroviruses discovered before HIV caused forms of leukemia.

Question 7

HIV infections are especially insidious because HIV attacks T4 cells, which, among other things, would otherwise regulate the body's fight against HIV.

Question 8

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium that probably first evolved in the 20th century.

Question 9

The prevalence of group A strep has increased markedly in recent years for unknown reasons.

Question 10

In late 2011, controversy arose over research funded by the National Institutes of Health that created a highly transmissible form of the ____________________.

Question 11

In the early 1800s, tuberculosis caused about 1 death in ________________ in the United States.

Question 12

A kind of institution that contributed to the steady decline in mortality due to tuberculosis in the United States was the ________________.

Question 13

Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome and fatal familial insomnia are extremely rare genetic diseases that are linked to ________________.

Question 14

whats the HIV therapy to the appropriate description.
-Interferes with the replication of HIV by inhibiting the enzyme that copies the viral RNA into the cell's DNA

Question 15

whats the HIV therapy to the appropriate description.
-Interfere with the ability of newly formed viruses to mature and become infectious

Question 16

whats the HIV therapy to the appropriate description.
-Can reduce viral load to undetectable levels in the blood and body fluids of many patients

Question 17

whats the HIV therapy to the appropriate description.
-Interfere with HIV's ability to enter a host cell

Question 18

whats the virus to the mode of transmission.
-Hantavirus

Question 19

whats the virus to the mode of transmission.
-Dengue Fever

Question 20

whats the virus to the mode of transmission.
-SARS Virus

Question 21

whats the virus to the mode of transmission.
-Monkeypox

Question 22

HIV is what type of virus, that uses RNA as its genetic material instead of the more usual DNA?

A) Oncovirus
B) Circovirus
C) Retrovirus
D) Herpesvirus

Question 23

When the number of T4 cells drops below what level, symptoms are likely to begin appearing and the person is vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain tumors?

A) 200/cubic millimeter
B) 400/cubic millimeter
C) 600/cubic millimeter
D) 800/cubic millimeter

Question 24

Which of the following is the most common route of transmission of the HIV virus in developing countries?

A) Homosexual relations
B) Heterosexual relations
C) Sharing of needles
D) In utero transmission

Question 25

Transfusion with HIV-contaminated blood is no longer a significant source of HIV infection in the United States.

Question 26

Testing a baby's blood for HIV antibodies provides evidence of the mother's HIV status.

Question 27

Investigators trying to track the early spread of HIV found HIV-infected blood samples form as early as 1956, in the blood of a widely traveled Norwegian sailor who died of immune deficiency.

Question 28

In 2003, monkeypox broke out in Illinois and Wisconsin.

Question 29

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was listed as a notifiable disease in 2003.

Question 30

If you were a researcher working on what seemed to be a new hemorrhagic fever, you would search for a vector which was a primate.

Question 31

Retroviruses have long been known to cause _________________ in animals.

Question 32

The _____________________ held a meeting with vaccine researchers is March 2008 to reassess whether an HIV vaccine will ever be possible and what new approaches could be tried.

Question 33

The last major pandemic of influenza in the United States occurred in _____________________.

Question 34

Pigs and _____________________ in China serve as important reservoirs for the creation of new strains of influenza.

Question 35

Whats the appropriate year the event?
-Zidovudine (AZT) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration

Question 36

Whats the appropriate year the event?
-Protease inhibitors were introduced

Question 37

Whats the appropriate year the event?
-Fusion inhibitors were introduced

Question 38

Whats the appropriate year the event?
-Integrase inhibitors were introduced

Question 39

Whats the appropriate year of the events?
-United States first experienced the effects of the West Nile virus

Question 40

Whats the appropriate year of the events?
-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revised its requirements for overseas medical screening of applicants for immigration to the United States

Question 41

Whats the appropriate year of the events?
-Stanley Prusiner wont the Noble Prize for his controversial theory that Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by particles called prions, which contain protein but no nucleic acid and thus no traditional genetic material

Question 42

Whats the appropriate year of the events?
-Outbreak of salmonellosis sickened 751 people in The Dalles, Oregon