Deck 7: Monomers and Polymers

Question 1

Which of these is a complex carbohydrate?

A) fructose
B) glucose
C) oleic acid
D) starch
E) insulin

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of these is a simple carbohydrate?

A) lactose
B) starch
C) amylose
D) amylopectin
E) cellulose

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which sugar is the monomer that makes up the starch polymer?

A) fructose
B) glucose
C) lactose
D) sucrose
E) cellulose

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of these is a synthetic polymer?

A) cellulose
B) starch
C) nylon
D) silk
E) DNA

Question 5

Which of these is a synthetic polymer?

A) nylon
B) spandex
C) bakelite
D) kevlar
E) all of the above

Question 6

Choose the false statement.

A) The first synthetic polymer was nylon.
B) A polymer is made up of several monomers, link together in chains.
C) Branching in polymer chains produces a lower density material.
D) During the process of addition polymerization, no atoms are added or lost.
E) The repeat unit of a polymer will have a different chemical formula than the monomer.

Question 7

Developed in 1907, this plastic was the first synthetic polymer ever made.

A) silk
B) starch
C) polyester
D) bakelite
E) nylon

Question 8

Choose the monomer that would polymerize to give a polymer with the following formula.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 9

Choose the monomer that would polymerize to give a polymer with the following formula.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 10

Choose the monomer that would polymerize to give a polymer with the following formula.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 11

Choose the monomer that would polymerize to give a polymer with the following formula.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 12

Choose the monomer that would polymerize with H₂NCH₂NH₂ to give a polymer with the following formula.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 13

HDPE stands for ______________ polyethylene.

A) high definition
B) high density
C) hydrocarbon-derived
D) hydrogen density
E) hydrogen decoupled

Question 14

Why is HDPE tougher and more rigid than LDPE?

A) LDPE is a condensation polymer, while HDPE is an addition polymer.
B) HDPE is a condensation polymer, while LDPE is an addition polymer.
C) The two polymers are made of different monomers.
D) LDPE is made of linear chains, while HDPE is made of branched chains.
E) HDPE is made of linear chains, while LDPE is made of branched chains.

Question 15

The size of large biological polymers was first measured through a process called

A) X-ray crystallography.
B) condensation.
C) sedimentation.
D) dispersion.
E) capillary electrophoresis.

Question 16

This scientist won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the invention of the ultracentrifuge and measurements of molecular sizes.

A) Louis Pasteur
B) James Watson
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Dorothy Hodgkin
E) Theodor Svedberg

Question 17

Choose the true statement.

A) The monomer of an addition polymer must contain a functional group such as carboxylic acid or amine.
B) HDPE is more flexible than LDPE.
C) HDPE is made up of branched polymer chains.
D) An addition polymer results from adding monomers together, with no addition or removal of atoms.
E) none of the above

Question 18

Polyesters are made from condensation reaction between which functional group on the monomer(s)?

A) two alcohols
B) a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
C) two carboxylic acids
D) two esters
E) an amine and a carboxylic acid

Question 19

Polyamides are made from condensation reaction between which functional group on the monomer(s)?

A) two alcohols
B) a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
C) two carboxylic acids
D) two esters
E) an amine and a carboxylic acid

Question 20

The type of chemical reaction that joins two molecules to form a larger molecule while releasing a smaller molecule (often H₂O) is called

A) oxidation.
B) addition.
C) condensation.
D) precipitation.
E) synthesis.

Question 21

Choose the synthetic polymer that is formed by a condensation reaction between two different monomers.

A) polyester
B) polyethylene
C) polystyrene
D) teflon
E) silk

Question 22

Choose the synthetic polymer that is classified as a polyamide.

A) polystyrene
B) polypropylene
C) polyester
D) teflon
E) nylon

Question 23

Choose the synthetic polymer that is classified as a polyamide.

A) PLA
B) HDPE
C) teflon
D) kevlar
E) silk

Question 24

Which of these is considered a "green" alternative to conventional plastics, since it can be decomposed by composting?

A) polyvinyl chloride
B) polystyrene
C) polylactic acid
D) polypropylene
E) polyester

Question 25

A condensation reaction, like the one that generates a polyester or polyamide, also generates this molecule.

A) water
B) ammonia
C) ethylene
D) silicon tetrachloride
E) sodium chloride

Question 26

Choose the disaccharide.

A) fructose
B) glucose
C) starch
D) cellulose
E) sucrose

Question 27

How many carbon atoms in a molecule of glucose?

A) five
B) six
C) seven
D) eight
E) variable

Question 28

There are two isomers of glucose, which differ in the position of the -OH group on C₁. What are they called?

A) α and β
B) cis and trans
C) fructose and sucrose
D) starch and cellulose
E) 1,4 and 1,6

Question 29

What are the two monosaccharides that join to make sucrose?

A) fructose and lactose
B) lactose and glucose
C) fructose and amylose
D) fructose and glucose
E) glucose and lactose

Question 30

Fructose is a monosaccharide abundantly found in

A) milk.
B) fruit.
C) grains.
D) proteins.
E) starch.

Question 31

A chemical reaction in which a water molecule breaks a chemical bond is called

A) hydrogenation.
B) hydrolysis.
C) condensation.
D) precipitation.
E) addition.

Question 32

What are the two monosaccharides that join to make lactose?

A) fructose and sucrose
B) sucrose and glucose
C) glucose and galactose
D) fructose and galactose
E) glucose and amylose

Question 33

Lactose is a disaccharide abundantly found in

A) milk.
B) fruit.
C) grains.
D) proteins.
E) starch.

Question 34

Starch is a polysaccharide made from monomers of which sugar?

A) fructose
B) sucrose
C) glucose
D) galactose
E) lactose

Question 35

In the iodine test for starch, what color indicates the presence of starch?

A) blue-black
B) light orange
C) blue-green
D) bright pink
E) red-orange

Question 36

Amylose chains within starch form this structure, which is essential for the iodine test to work.

A) planar
B) helical
C) tetrahedral
D) undulated

Question 37

What kind of linkages join the glucose monomers in amylose?

A) 1,4
B) 1,6
C) 1,3
D) both 1,4 and 1,6
E) none of the above

Question 38

What kind of linkages join the glucose monomers in amylopectin?

A) 1,4
B) 1,6
C) 1,3
D) both 1,4 and 1,6
E) none of the above

Question 39

The number that indicates the effect of a food on a person's blood glucose level is called the

A) carbohydrate level.
B) sugar index.
C) hypoglycemia rate.
D) glucose potential.
E) glycemic index.

Question 40

Choose the food with the highest glycemic index.

A) quinoa
B) white rice
C) steel-cut oatmeal
D) black beans
E) carrots

Question 41

Choose the food with the lowest glycemic index.

A) popcorn
B) Coca-Cola
C) whole wheat bread
D) quinoa
E) white bread

Question 42

A watermelon has a glycemic index of 80. What is the glycemic load of consuming a 120 g serving of watermelon that contains 6 g of carbohydrate?

A) 5
B) 7
C) 26
D) 80
E) 96

Question 43

Potato chips have a glycemic index of 56. What is the glycemic load of consuming a 50 g serving of potato chips that contains 22 g of carbohydrate?

A) 22
B) 56
C) 12
D) 28
E) 1232

Question 44

Spaghetti has a glycemic index of 46. What is the glycemic load of consuming a 180 g serving of watermelon that contains 48 g of carbohydrate?

A) 173
B) 48
C) 83
D) 22
E) 2208

Question 45

The medical term for an excess amount of sugar in the blood is

A) hypoglycemia.
B) hyperglycemia.
C) hypothermia.
D) hyperactivity.
E) hypercardiomia.

Question 46

This is the hormone that controls passage of blood glucose into cells.

A) hemoglobin
B) amylose
C) pancreas
D) insulin
E) estrogen

Question 47

This is the polysaccharide formed from glucose that is indigestible by humans.

A) galactose
B) sucrose
C) amylopectin
D) amylose
E) cellulose

Question 48

Cellulose is made from β-glucose monomers held together by this kind of linkage.

A) 1,4
B) 1,3
C) 1,2
D) 1,6
E) a mixture

Question 49

Explain the difference between α-glucose and β-glucose.

Question 50

Explain the similarity and difference between amylose and amylopectin, the two polysaccharides that make up starch.

Question 51

Name three health problems that can be caused by high blood sugar.

Question 52

Cellulose is indigestible by humans but is an important source of dietary ___________________.

Question 53

The glycemic load of a food depends on both the glycemic index and the ___________________.

Question 54

Starch is made up of two types of polysaccharides, called ___________________ and ___________________.

Question 55

Starch _______

A) monosaccharide
B) disaccharide
C) polysaccharide