Deck 6: Punishment

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a theory for punishment?

A) Deterrence
B) Retribution
C) Rehabilitation
D) Incarceration

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which theory of punishment is a utilitarian philosophy in which we punish to prevent crime?

A) Deterrence
B) Retribution
C) Just Deserts
D) Rehabilitation

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which theory of punishment states that punishment is justified because it is deserved?

A) Deterrence
B) Retribution
C) Incapacitation
D) Incarceration

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which theory of punishment utilizes sentencing guidelines that set punishment for each offense according to the nature of the offense?

A) Just Deserts
B) Retribution
C) Incapacitation
D) Rehabilitation

Question 5

Which theory of punishment states that individual circumstances should be taken into account when determining penalty?

A) Just Deserts
B) Deterrence
C) Rehabilitation
D) Incapacitation

Question 6

Which theory of punishment confines offenders so that they are no longer capable of committing offenses?

A) Incarceration
B) Incapacitation
C) Rehabilitation
D) Just Deserts

Question 7

According to the 10^th edition of the World Prison Population List, which country had the highest prison population rate?

A) Russia
B) The United States
C) Japan
D) England and Wales

Question 8

According to the 10^th edition of the World Prison Population list, which country had the lowest prison population rate?

A) Japan
B) England and Wales
C) Oceania
D) Russia

Question 9

According to the 10^th edition of the World Prison Population list, what is the world average for prison population rates?

A) 51 per 100,000
B) 102 per 100,000
C) 144 per 100,000
D) 475 per 100,000

Question 10

Which of the following international conventions was passed in 1948 in order to prohibit cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment for prisoners?

A) UN Minimum Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
B) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Istanbul Statement

Question 11

Which of the following international conventions was passed in 2007 in order to limit the usage of solitary confinement?

A) UN Minimum Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
B) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Istanbul Statement

Question 12

Which of the following international conventions was passed in to mandate what is accepted as being good principle and practice in the treatment of prisoners and the management of institutions?

A) UN Minimum Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
B) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Istanbul Statement

Question 13

Which of the following international conventions says that the death penalty may only be imposed for the most serious crimes, and not on underage people of pregnant women?

A) UN Minimum Standard Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
B) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Istanbul Statement

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the top five U.S. states in which two-thirds of executions are carried out?

A) Louisiana
B) Missouri
C) Arizona
D) Florida

Question 15

Out of the following Islamic nations, which does NOT permit the death penalty?

A) Saudi Arabia
B) The United Arab Emirates
C) Egypt
D) Morocco

Question 16

In how many U.S. states is the death penalty permitted?

A) 7
B) 21
C) 38.
D) 50

Question 17

Which of the following is true in regards to the death penalty in the United States?

A) The majority of executions are concentrated in the South
B) It disproportionately targets poor blacks who commit crimes against white victims
C) It is energized by heinous crimes and racial hatreds
D) All of the above

Question 18

What is the means of carrying out the death penalty that is provided by the 1908 Japanese Penal Code?

A) Electric Chair
B) Hanging
C) Firing Squad
D) Lethal Injection

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to the death penalty in Japan?

A) Only 10% of Japanese respondents favored the death penalty in a 2005 poll
B) There is an average of four hangings per year
C) Those waiting on death row are informed of their execution date/time an hour beforehand
D) Relatives are informed of the execution after it happens

Question 20

What is the means of carrying out the death penalty that is preferred by the Chinese criminal justice system?

A) Electric Chair
B) Hanging
C) Firing Squad
D) Lethal Injection

Question 21

During the campaign of which U.S. president did the term "three strikes and you're out" become popular?

A) Johnson
B) Kennedy
C) Goldwater
D) Nixon

Question 22

Which of the following did NOT present issues in the creation of a penal system in India?

A) The caste system
B) Limited technology
C) Geography
D) Economic constraints

Question 23

In which country was it common for two lines to be tattooed across a forearm to signify a recidivist?

A) China
B) Jamaica
C) Japan
D) India

Question 24

Which of the following was NOT used in Japanese judicial torture procedures?

A) Flogging
B) "Hugging the stones"
C) The "lobster"
D) The suspension

Question 25

What philosophies are said to have played an important role in shaping criminal punishment in China?

A) Confucianism
B) Legalism
C) Daoism
D) Buddhism
E) A and D f. All of the above

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to Chinese criminal punishment?

A) It ensures social control and corrects deviant minds
B) The usage of torture was looked down upon
C) All powers were vested in the emperor and executed on his behalf
D) The prison system was based on Marxist theoretical framework

Question 27

During which dynasty was there a move towards European criminal justice standards?

A) Qin
B) Han
C) Manchu
D) Guomindang

Question 28

Which of the following was true in China in regards to laogai?

A) Laogai was the punishment of reform through labor
B) It was a communist belief of redemption through labor
C) Work is the right and "glorious duty of every able-bodied citizen"
D) A and C
E) All of the above

Question 29

Which of the following was true in China in regards to the 'strike hard' campaigns?

A) Public arrests and sentencing rallies were intended to reduce crime
B) Criminality ended up increasing because of the brutalizing effect
C) Gangs accounted for only 20% of criminal offenses
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 30

During which dynasty was the Beijing Reform School created?

A) Qin
B) Han
C) Manchu
D) Guomindang

Question 31

What does the term "gaijin" mean?

A) A Japanese torture method encouraged by the Japanese Penal Code of 1908
B) Now means foreigner, but originally used for "barbaric foreigners"
C) The brutal methods of social control used during the Japanese colonization of Korea
D) The idea that people of 'inferior' race require a different penal policy

Question 32

Which of the following punishments were allowed historically in accordance with Japanese social rank and relationships?

A) Children who murdered their parents were paraded and crucified
B) Women who murdered their husbands were burned at the stake
C) If a husband caught his wife with another man, he was entitled to kill his wife and the other man
D) B and C
E) All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT true in regards to 'political prisoners'?

A) They were nationalist middle class prisoners that were differentiated from the 'criminal' population
B) They were allowed additional food, separate housing, family visits, and weekly letters
C) They lived in the most unhygienic, bleak, and deprived prison conditions
D) A and B
E) A and C

Question 34

Which of the following was NOT a common punishment in 18^th and 19^th century United States?

A) Solitary confinement
B) Stocks
C) Branding
D) Mild mutilation

Question 35

In what range are European maximum sentences?

A) 5-10 years
B) 10-15 years
C) 15-20 years
D) 20+ years

Question 36

The rehabilitation and reform initiatives of the 1850s in Jamaica were a massive success.

Question 37

The Penal Servitude Act of 1854 allowed for the release of prisoners who had served more than half of their sentence, as long as they agreed to serve as agricultural laborers for three quarters of their remaining time.

Question 38

The One Hundred Articles were published as penal code in Japan during the Yoshimune period.

Question 39

Japan has yet to adopt any Western-style modern prisons.

Question 40

The Chinese criminal punishment system relies heavily on reinforcing moral conformity through religious ideals and belief systems.

Question 41

The U.S. prison population rate is the highest worldwide at 716 per 100,000 persons.

Question 42

According to Marxism, punishment has not been proven to deter crime.

Question 43

The Auburn system imposed solitary confinement on prisoners in order to allow them time to commune with their consciences.

Question 44

The Pennsylvania system was preferred to the Auburn system.

Question 45

In the United States, the death penalty represents democracy in action.

Question 46

Explain what forces have contributed to the U.S. becoming the only developed Western country to retain the death penalty.

Question 47

Name and define three of the five theories for punishment, and then indicate whether studies confirm or oppose this theory as a form of effective punishment.

Question 48

Compare and contrast the Japanese and Chinese criminal punishment methodologies throughout history. To what extent has each culture been affected by Western-style modern criminal justice movements?