Question 1

Descriptive epidemiology is concerned with:&#10;A) Time, place, and person&#10;B) Rates&#10;C) Morbidity and mortality&#10;D) Cost

Accepted Answer

Descriptive epidemiology focuses on the distribution of diseases by examining the time, place, and person factors to understand patterns and trends.

Question 2

Analytic epidemiology examines:&#10;A) Descriptive comparisons between risk factor and specific health conditions&#10;B) Socio-economics and disparity&#10;C) Causal relationship between a risk factor and specific health condition&#10;D) Incidence of disease

Accepted Answer

Analytic epidemiology focuses on understanding the causal relationships between risk factors and specific health conditions, often through studies that test hypotheses.

Question 3

The Epidemiological Triangle encompasses:&#10;A) Time, place, and person&#10;B) Agent, host, and environment&#10;C) Experimental, observational and cohort studies&#10;D) Cause, effect, and comparisons

Accepted Answer

The Epidemiological Triangle consists of three components: agent, host, and environment, which are used to understand the dynamics of disease transmission.

Question 4

Diseases such as diabetes, asthma, and heart disease are considered:&#10;A) Non-communicable diseases&#10;B) Environmental diseases&#10;C) Communicable diseases&#10;D) Sub-clinical diseases

Accepted Answer

These diseases are non-communicable because they are not transmitted from person to person but are typically caused by genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors.

Question 5

The chain of infection includes all of the following except:&#10;A) Mode of transmission&#10;B) Reservoir&#10;C) Portal of entry and exit&#10;D) Exposure

Accepted Answer

Exposure is not a component of the chain of infection; the chain includes the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.

Question 6

The immediate transfer of the agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host by skin-to-skin contact is:&#10;A) Biologic transmission&#10;B) Direct transmission&#10;C) Indirect transmission&#10;D) Mechanical transmission

Accepted Answer

Direct transmission involves the immediate transfer of the agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host by skin-to-skin contact.

Question 7

Social epidemiology is guided by all of the following concepts except:&#10;A) Social context of behavior&#10;B) Multi-level analysis&#10;C) Frequency distributions&#10;D) Developmental and life-course perspectives

Accepted Answer

Social epidemiology focuses on the social determinants of health and uses concepts like social context, multi-level analysis, and life-course perspectives, but not frequency distributions, which are more related to statistical analysis.

Question 8

The measure used to describe the presence of disease in a population in termed:&#10;A) Morbidity&#10;B) Case ratio&#10;C) Mortality&#10;D) Crude rate

Accepted Answer

Morbidity refers to the presence of disease or the incidence of illness in a population.

Question 9

The mortality rate from all causes of death for a population is known as:&#10;A) Age-specific mortality rate&#10;B) Proportional mortality rate&#10;C) Death-to-case ratio&#10;D) Crude mortality rate

Accepted Answer

The crude mortality rate refers to the total number of deaths from all causes in a population over a specific period, typically expressed per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals.

Question 10

The process by which people are treated differently because they are members of a particular group is known as:&#10;A) Selection bias&#10;B) Discrimination&#10;C) Disparity&#10;D) Inequity

Accepted Answer

Discrimination is the process by which people are treated differently because they are members of a particular group.

Question 11

Epidemiology changed in recent years to include:&#10;A) Focus on funding&#10;B) Investigations into chronic illness&#10;C) Focus on infectious diseases&#10;D) Base rates on census data

Accepted Answer

The answer of Epidemiology changed in recent years to include:&#10;A)...

Deck 4: Fundamentals of Epidemiology and Social Epidemiology