Deck 18: Foreign Policy

Question 1

The goal of foreign policy is

A) American military might.
B) national security, prosperity, and spreading American values.
C) the right of the United States to use force wherever necessary.
D) the use of international law to showcase American power.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What percentage of the U.S. federal budget was spent on defense in 2019?

A) 42 percent
B) 74 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 38 percent

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which is the correct ranking of the top four countries in terms of economic performance?

A) Germany, Russia, United States, and Japan
B) United States, Japan, China, and Germany
C) United States, China, Japan, and Germany
D) Russia, United States, Japan, and Germany

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The idea of protecting important national values from external threats relates to

A) national security.
B) economic hegemony.
C) the role of détente.
D) guarded diplomacy.

Question 5

U.S. national security threats include which of the following?

A) Climate change
B) Terrorism
C) Health pandemics
D) All of the above

Question 6

A realist would be most likely to focus on

A) climate change.
B) nuclear development in Iran.
C) health pandemics.
D) unfair trade practices.

Question 7

Which of the following is true?

A) The United States spends as much on armed forces as the other top six nations combined.
B) The United States spends less on armed forces than most other developed countries in the world.
C) The United States spends about the same amount on armed forces as other developed countries in the world.
D) The United States spends as much on armed forces as Russia and China combined.

Question 8

The United States accounts for roughly _______ percent of all military spending in the world.

A) 35
B) 45
C) 15
D) 25

Question 9

The reason the United States spends so much on the military relates to the theory of

A) diplomacy.
B) détente.
C) primacy.
D) neoliberalism.

Question 10

The theory of primacy states that

A) global peace can be achieved through economic interdependence.
B) the United States should maintain an unrivaled military.
C) economic sanctions are the best way to control rogue nations.
D) international order should be maintained by the United Nations.

Question 11

A problem caused by the use of military force is known as

A) a security trap.
B) negative involvement.
C) military negativity.
D) primacy.

Question 12

Which is an example of a security trap?

A) U.S.-Israel relations
B) The U.S. experience in Iraq
C) U.S.-British relations
D) U.S. condemnation of terrorist attacks in the Middle East

Question 13

Unforeseen events produced by military intervention in foreign countries are known as

A) security casualties.
B) diplomatic errors.
C) boomerang effects.
D) security traps.

Question 14

Military primacy costs the United States approximately _______ per year.

A) $10 trillion
B) $5 trillion
C) $1 trillion
D) $0.5 trillion

Question 15

Maintaining an unrivaled military force that can overwhelm an enemy is an element of

A) primacy.
B) liberalism.
C) realism.
D) soft power.

Question 16

A country that strengthens its global position through culture and commerce is using

A) hard power.
B) soft power.
C) economic realism.
D) neorealism.

Question 17

The government agency most likely to be involved in diplomacy is the

A) Department of Defense.
B) State Department.
C) Central Intelligence Agency.
D) Department of Homeland Security.

Question 18

Which of the following is true?

A) The United States is the largest foreign aid donor in the world.
B) The United States spends more than 10 percent of its gross national income on foreign aid.
C) The United States spends 1 percent of its gross national income on foreign aid.
D) The United States spends 5 percent of its gross national income on foreign aid.

Question 19

The United States spends _______ of its gross national income on foreign aid.

A) 5 percent
B) 2 percent
C) 1 percent
D) less than 1 percent

Question 20

The free movement of goods and services across national borders without government interference is known as

A) capitalism.
B) free trade.
C) protectionism.
D) GATT.

Question 21

Tariffs are a form of

A) protectionism.
B) free trade.
C) GATT.
D) globalization.

Question 22

Protecting local business from foreign competition is known as

A) fair trade.
B) free trade.
C) protectionism.
D) unilateralism.

Question 23

President Clinton used political capital to push which multilateral agreement through Congress?

A) GATT
B) WTO
C) OAS
D) NAFTA

Question 24

The economic organization that oversees international trade rules is the

A) World Treaty Organization.
B) World Trade Organization.
C) World Enterprise Organization.
D) World Free Trade Organization.

Question 25

Selling and buying goods from other countries without imposition of tariffs is

A) protectionism.
B) globalism.
C) free trade.
D) realism.

Question 26

NAFTA was a multilateral free trade agreement among

A) Canada, the United States, and Russia.
B) Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
C) China, Mexico, and the United States.
D) Canada, Brazil, and the United States.

Question 27

The practice of promoting free trade and worker protection is known as

A) unilateralism.
B) free trade.
C) fair trade.
D) protectionism.
Title: Chapter 06 Question 28

Question 28

The United States and Canada produce about what percentage of the U.S. energy supply?

A) 40 percent
B) 72 percent
C) 80 percent
D) 100 percent

Question 29

The United States consumes approximately _______ of oil per day.

A) 20 million barrels
B) 20 million gallons
C) 200 million barrels
D) 25 million gallons

Question 30

_______ contains 60 percent of global oil supplies.

A) The Middle East
B) The Near East
C) China
D) Africa

Question 31

Refusing to buy goods or services from a country is called

A) a boycott.
B) an embargo.
C) divestment.
D) an asset freeze.

Question 32

Restricting the flow of trade into a country is called

A) an embargo.
B) a boycott.
C) divestment.
D) rapprochement.

Question 33

_______ results when a country buys more products from other countries than it exports to them.

A) A trade deficit
B) A net deficit
C) An account deficit
D) A balance of payment

Question 34

One of the central economic concerns facing the United States is that it has

A) developed too many free trade agreements.
B) failed to invest in its infrastructure.
C) failed to promote civil rights.
D) been too supportive of dictatorships.

Question 35

The idea that the United States has a special obligation to spread democracy and freedom to other nations is known as

A) the American mission.
B) American exceptionalism.
C) the American cause.
D) American imperialism.

Question 36

The ultimate source of power on the world stage is

A) military strength.
B) diplomacy.
C) economic strength.
D) political power.

Question 37

Avoiding intervention in foreign wars is based on the concept of

A) unilateralism.
B) isolationism.
C) moral idealism.
D) political realism.

Question 38

The United States has shifted its foreign policy perspective from

A) interventionism to isolationism.
B) isolationism to internationalism.
C) unilateralism to interventionism.
D) isolationism to multilateralism.

Question 39

The belief that national interests are best served by actively engaging and working with others is known as

A) internationalism.
B) interventionism.
C) unilateralism.
D) isolationism.

Question 40

The 1798 conflict with the French and the Barbary War cast doubt on whether the early United States actually practiced

A) interventionism.
B) isolationism.
C) unilateralism.
D) internationalism.

Question 41

Refraining from peacetime alliances is a form of

A) exceptionalism.
B) interventionism.
C) internationalism.
D) unilateralism.

Question 42

The principle of working with other nations to achieve common goals is known as

A) multilateralism.
B) unilateralism.
C) interventionism.
D) internationalism.

Question 43

According to the authors, only _______ can defeat terrorism, climate change, and other global uncertainties.

A) isolationism
B) international cooperation
C) unilateralism
D) moral idealism

Question 44

According to George Washington, the United States had a special role in the world to

A) champion liberty.
B) overthrow monarchies.
C) eliminate colonialism.
D) write constitutions for others.

Question 45

The _______ was based on the doctrine of preemption.

A) Carter Doctrine
B) Powell Doctrine
C) Bush Doctrine
D) Obama Doctrine

Question 46

People who emphasize American values in foreign affairs are called

A) Hamiltonians.
B) Wilsonians.
C) Jacksonians.
D) Jeffersonians.

Question 47

People who emphasize the use of overwhelming force to fight evil are called

A) Hamiltonians.
B) neoconservatives.
C) Jeffersonians.
D) Jacksonians.

Question 48

People who emphasize the goal of American prosperity in foreign affairs are called

A) Wilsonians.
B) Jeffersonians.
C) Jacksonians.
D) Hamiltonians.

Question 49

People who emphasize the role of freedom and democracy at home are called

A) Hamiltonians.
B) Jeffersonians.
C) Wilsonians.
D) Jacksonians.

Question 50

People who emphasize that the United States should focus on its own security concerns are called

A) Wilsonians.
B) Hamiltonians.
C) Jeffersonians.
D) Jacksonians.

Question 51

Which institution has the power to declare war?

A) The president
B) The Department of Defense
C) Congress
D) The Central Intelligence Agency

Question 52

Which is true of the Vietnam and Korean Wars?

A) Congress declared war in both instances.
B) Congress did not declare war in either instance.
C) Congress declared war only on Vietnam.
D) Congress declared war only on Korea.

Question 53

The Constitution requires the Senate to ratify treaties with a _______ vote.

A) one-third
B) two-thirds
C) three-fourths
D) simple majority

Question 54

Congress sought to check presidential foreign military engagements by passing the

A) War Powers Act.
B) Nuclear Reduction Act.
C) Strategic Arms Act.
D) Presidential Powers Act.

Question 55

A president can avoid the need for Senate confirmation of an international treaty by issuing an

A) executive order.
B) executive agreement.
C) executive pardon.
D) executive privilege.

Question 56

The first cabinet agency established under the Constitution was

A) the Department of Defense.
B) the State Department.
C) the Department of Commerce.
D) the Department of the Treasury.

Question 57

A government employee engaged in official diplomatic business is most likely working for which cabinet agency?

A) Department of Defense
B) Department of Transportation
C) Department of State
D) Department of Homeland Security

Question 58

A problem with the Department of State is that

A) there are too many embassies.
B) it is chronically underfunded.
C) it is too involved in partisan politics.
D) not enough of its employees know foreign languages.

Question 59

The largest governmental organization and biggest employer in the United States is the

A) U.S. Postal Service.
B) Department of Commerce.
C) Department of Defense.
D) Department of Homeland Security.

Question 60

The principal agency responsible for foreign intelligence is the

A) Central Intelligence Agency.
B) Department of Defense.
C) Department of State.
D) Department of Homeland Security.

Question 61

Which of the following is true about the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps?

A) They have the same age recruitment requirements.
B) They all perform amphibious missions.
C) They have equal numbers of personnel.
D) They have different strategies for accomplishing goals.

Question 62

A bureaucratic breakdown between _______ helped the 9/11 terrorists slip through American defenses.

A) military agencies
B) Congress and the president
C) intelligence agencies
D) cabinet secretaries

Question 63

An agency that is part of the Executive Office of the President and is responsible for advising the president on foreign affairs is the

A) National Security Council.
B) National State Council.
C) Defense Intelligence Council.
D) Foreign Intelligence Council.

Question 64

A policy conference featuring the secretaries of state and defense, the president, the vice president, and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff would most likely be held by the

A) Department of Homeland Security.
B) National Security Council.
C) Defense Intelligence Agency.
D) Department of Military Intelligence.

Question 65

Foreign policy stalemates can always be broken by the

A) secretary of defense.
B) president.
C) vice president.
D) chief of staff.

Question 66

The way a president sees and interprets the world is part of his

A) military outlook.
B) grand strategy.
C) world strategy.
D) foreign policy initiative.

Question 67

An overarching vision that defines and guides a nation's foreign policy is known as a

A) moral strategy.
B) security dilemma.
C) grand strategy.
D) military strategy.

Question 68

The collective security organization that was created after World War I was the

A) League of Nations.
B) United Nations.
C) General Security Assembly.
D) World Peace Organization.

Question 69

Congress did not ratify the League of Nations because members of Congress objected to the principle of

A) unilateralism.
B) multilateralism.
C) realism.
D) liberalism.

Question 70

When, after World War I, the United States sent troops to Russia, Mexico, and Panama, the actions were based on the principle of

A) unilateralism.
B) multilateralism.
C) economic idealism.
D) political universalism.

Question 71

The U.S. isolationist policy came to a formal end with

A) the 9/11 terror attacks.
B) the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
C) the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.
D) the Vietnam conflict.

Question 72

By the end of World War II, the only powerful nation remaining besides the United States was

A) England.
B) France.
C) Canada.
D) the Soviet Union.

Question 73

U.S. foreign policy after World War II was based on the principle of

A) unilateralism.
B) capitalism.
C) liberalism.
D) containment.

Question 74

Containment was based on

A) creating harmonious relations between nations.
B) advancing socialist agendas.
C) stopping the spread of communism.
D) allowing more free trade globally.

Question 75

Main measures to thwart the spread of communism included

A) introducing democracy and capitalism to other countries.
B) using multilateral organizations.
C) negotiating with communist leaders.
D) introducing democracy and capitalism, and using multilateral organizations.

Question 76

Which of the following places the establishment of multilateral organizations in the correct order?

A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organization of American States, United Nations
B) United Nations, Organization of American States, North Atlantic Treaty Organization
C) United Nations, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organization of American States
D) Organization of American States, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, United Nations

Question 77

"The Evil Empire" was a Cold War term meant to stigmatize

A) Mexico.
B) Iran.
C) the Soviet Union.
D) Iraq.

Question 78

The term New World Order meant

A) a multilateral approach toward free markets.
B) the threat by the United States to use nuclear weapons.
C) the use of new computer technologies to track international threats.
D) the idea that no country could challenge the United States economically.

Question 79

At the end of the Cold War, some policy voices suggested a return to _______ foreign policy.

A) hawkish
B) isolationist
C) humanitarian
D) interventionist

Question 80

Post-9/11 foreign policy has been based on the concept of

A) a war on terror.
B) multilateralism.
C) free trade principles.
D) détente.