Deck 5: The History and Organization of Law Enforcement

Question 1

The early form of policing that most directly led to that of modern U.S. policing was the .

A)Okhranka of the Russian tsars.
B)Samurai system of Japan.
C)Roman legion.
D)Frankpledge system.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

This pivotal factor advanced the development of law enforcement in England.

A)Gin.
B)The grand jury.
C)The hundred-man.
D)Crime.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Henry and John Fielding organized the .

A)Bobbies.
B)Watch-and-ward system.
C)Bow Street Runners.
D)Thames River Police.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

This was the first successful bill in England to create a permanent, public police force.

A)Wickersham Commission.
B)Bill of Rights.
C)Metropolitan Police Act.
D)Omnibus Crime Control Act.

Question 5

Which feature did England contribute to U.S. policing, according to Walker and Katz?

A)Local control.
B)Limited police authority.
C)Fragmented system.
D)All of the above.

Question 6

This nineteenth-century agency protected railroad and coal companies from labor activists and thieves.

A)Texas Rangers.
B)Pinkerton National Detective Agency.
C)Thames River Police.
D)Pennsylvania Coal and Iron Police.

Question 7

The early Chicago police had four idiosyncratic orientations to the law. Which is not one of these?

A)The police were a significant resource at the command of local organizations.
B)Police and courts were highly decentralized.
C)Criminal justice institutions operated as rackets.
D)Police officers developed very formal systems of operation.

Question 8

This organization was among the first advanced police agencies in the United States.

A)The bobbies.
B)The Berkeley, California, police.
C)The Texas Rangers.
D)New York's rattle watch.

Question 9

This police reform act rejected patronage and administered employment and promotions based on merit.

A)Omnibus Crime Control Act.
B)Metropolitan Police Act.
C)Wickersham Act.
D)Pendleton Civil Service Act.

Question 10

This Supreme Court decision set forth that confessions made by suspects who have not been advised of their due-process rights cannot be used as evidence.

A)Weeks v. United States.
B)Terry v. Ohio.
C)Gideon v. Wainwright.
D)Miranda v. Arizona.

Question 11

Which is one of the crucial differences between the police and the military?

A)Guns.
B)Uniforms.
C)Discretion.
D)All of the above.

Question 12

The right and power to commit an act or order others to commit an act is called .

A)Jurisdiction.
B)Discretion.
C)Visibility.
D)Authority.

Question 13

About how many law enforcement agencies are there in the United States?

A)2,000.
B)18,000.
C)6,000.
D)100,000.

Question 14

Most federal officers are trained here.

A)Langley Air Force Base.
B)Federal Law Enforcement Training Center.
C)Camp David.
D)The Pentagon.

Question 15

This agency measures crime using the Uniform Crime Reports.

A)FBI.
B)IRS.
C)CIA.
D)Federal Marshals.

Question 16

According to this case, the exclusionary rule is applicable to federal criminal proceedings.

A)Furman v. Georgia.
B)McNamara v. Burns.
C)Weeks v. United States.
D)Miranda v. Arizona.

Question 17

After September 11, 2001, this Department of Treasury law enforcement agency was moved to the Department of Homeland Security.

A)National Security Agency.
B)Secret Service.
C)FBI.
D)CIA.

Question 18

This agency is recognized as the first uniformed, professional state police department in the United States.

A)New York Police Department.
B)Pennsylvania State Police.
C)Texas Rangers.
D)Chicago Police Department.

Question 19

The largest local police force in the nation is the .

A)Chicago Police Department.
B)Los Angeles Police Department.
C)Houston Police Department.
D)New York Police Department.

Question 20

These are the most common form of county law enforcement.

A)Sheriff's offices.
B)Highway patrols.
C)City police departments.
D)Constables.

Question 21

This study sought to measure the effect of police patrol on crime.

A)DARE.
B)Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment.
C)Wickersham Commission.
D)Rand Study of Detectives.

Question 22

This experiment attempted to determine how effectively detectives solved cases.

A)Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment.
B)DARE.
C)RAND Study of Detectives.
D)Knapp Commission.

Question 23

This program began in 1983 in Los Angeles to give children information about illegal drugs.

A)Reefer Madness.
B)Just Say No.
C)This Is Your Brain on Drugs.
D)DARE.

Question 24

was a major twentieth-century police reformer.

A)Harry Callahan.
B)August Vollmer.
C)Theodore Roosevelt.
D)Henry Fielding.

Question 25

The somewhat decentralized structure of law enforcement agencies creates some problems with .

A)Discretion.
B)Jurisdiction.
C)Authority.
D)Arrests.

Question 26

Which issue makes supervising the police a different and more difficult job than supervising the military?

A)Authority.
B)Discretion.
C)Visibility.
D)All of the above.

Question 27

The three distinct levels of law enforcement in the United States are _.

A)Police, courts, and corrections.
B)The police, the military, and the National Guard.
C)Uniformed officers, detectives, and chiefs.
D)Federal, state, and local.

Question 28

Much of local police work is especially concerned with and problem solving.

A)Collecting statistics.
B)Physical fitness.
C)Order maintenance.
D)Investigating large financial offenses.

Question 29

Which is not a law enforcement agency within the Department of the Treasury?

A)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.
B)U.S. Mint Police.
C)Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.
D)U.S. Secret Service.

Question 30

Under which federal agency is the Federal Bureau of Investigation?

A)Department of Justice.
B)Department of Homeland Security.
C)Department of the Treasury.
D)Department of Agriculture.

Question 31

All states have a highway patrol function except Hawaii.

Question 32

Local law enforcement agencies handle most of the nation's crime.

Question 33

The law enforcement function has existed in one form or another for thousands of years.

Question 34

The watchman system proved to be an excellent method of law enforcement.

Question 35

Brothers Henry and John Fielding organized the Thames River Police.

Question 36

Like many aspects of American culture, policing has its roots in Roman tradition.

Question 37

In contrast to the London bobby, the early New York City police officer had a broad latitude of discretion.

Question 38

Vigilante committees were usually established by society's elites to protect property and social order from rogues and criminals.

Question 39

At the beginning of the twentieth century, U.S. law enforcement was highly professional, fair, and organized.

Question 40

August Vollmer was among the first police chiefs to recruit college graduates and organized the first university police science courses.

Question 41

August Vollmer called the patrol car the "swift angel of death."

Question 42

J. Edgar Hoover built the Secret Service into one of the premier law enforcement agencies in the world.

Question 43

Law enforcement agencies are influenced by their structural components.

Question 44

One of the most fundamental differences between law enforcement and the military is in the exercise of discretion.

Question 45

The development of U.S. law enforcement agencies was rigidly planned.

Question 46

Some vigilante movements were transformed into legitimate police agencies.

Question 47

The move toward police professionalism instituted functions not normally concerned with crime control, such as chasing stray dogs and enforcing minor morals laws.

Question 48

The organization of police departments determines what type of occupational culture will exist.

Question 49

Police organizations are not bureaucracies.

Question 50

Regoli and Hewitt suggest that formal police organization truly reflects the realities of police work because there is little difference between the organizational chart and how power is really distributed within the force.

Question 51

What do federal law enforcement agencies do?

Question 52

What is the original mission of the Secret Service?

Question 53

Give five examples of less-than-lethal weaponry.

Question 54

List three early civilizations that contributed to the development of the modern police.

Question 55

How did gin contribute to the development of law enforcement?

Question 56

What six issues did Vollmer's police reform movement focus on according to Walker and Katz?

Question 57

List the five ways that the bureaucratic model inhibits police organizations according to Regoli and Hewitt.

Question 58

Describe the difference between the police and the military in who exercises discretion.

Question 59

List and discuss three requirements to become a police officer.