Deck 15: Victims of Crime and Victimless Crimes

Question 1

Which is not one of the six attributes that we typically associate with the idea of an innocent victim according to Christie?

A)The victim is weak in relation to the offender.
B)The victim is going about his or her legitimate, everyday business.
C)The victim is blameless.
D)The victim knows the stranger who has committed the offense.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

This researcher believed that most victims had an unconscious attitude that led to their victimization.

A)Mendelsohn.
B)Christie.
C)von Hentig.
D)Sellin.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

This is the idea that crime victims sometimes play an active role in initiating a crime or escalating it.

A)Victimology.
B)Decriminalization.
C)Offender-precipitation theory.
D)Victim-precipitation theory.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

This researcher considered biological, sociological, and psychological factors of victimization.

A)Mendelsohn.
B)Christie.
C)von Hentig.
D)Sellin.

Question 5

These two researchers presented a victim typology based upon the victims' situations rather than their personal characteristics or relationships.

A)Bentham and Beccaria.
B)Wolfgang and Jack.
C)Fine and Howard.
D)Wolfgang and Sellin.

Question 6

This researcher attributes much of victimization to the structural characteristics of the culture.

A)Mendelsohn.
B)Galtung.
C)von Hentig.
D)Sellin.

Question 7

Victims have several reasons for not reporting criminal offenses. Which is not one of these?

A)The victim fears reprisal or getting the offender in trouble.
B)The victim believes that the police can help.
C)The offense is not important enough to the victim to report.
D)The victim dealt with the offense in another way.

Question 8

This is an account given by the victim, the victim's family, or others affected by the offense that expresses the effects of the offense.

A)Victim's account.
B)Plea bargain.
C)Testimony.
D)Victim-impact statement.

Question 9

These are behaviors that are deemed undesirable because they offend community standards rather than directly harm people or property.

A)Misdemeanors.
B)Victimless crimes.
C)Federal crimes.
D)Inchoate crimes.

Question 10

The first popular drug in the United States was .

A)Opium.
B)Alcohol.
C)Marijuana.
D)Cocaine.

Question 11

During the Civil War, this drug was used to combat pain and dysentery.

A)Opium.
B)Morphine.
C)Cocaine.
D)Marijuana.

Question 12

This was used to treat morphine addiction.

A)Alcohol.
B)Cocaine.
C)Opium.
D)Marijuana.

Question 13

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 required producers of food and drugs .

A)To remove opium.
B)To clearly label their products' contents.
C)To sell patent medicines in bottles.
D)To add cocaine.

Question 14

This 1914 act ensured that the government collected taxes from those who sold drugs.

A)Lindner Act.
B)Pure Food and Drug Act.
C)Harrison Act.
D)Narcotics Control Act.

Question 15

In this 1919 case, the courts ruled that prescribing narcotics to addicts to maintain their comfort was not a legitimate medical practice.

A)Nye County v. Plankinton.
B)Weeks v. United States.
C)United States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative et al.
D)Webb v. United States.

Question 16

This 1951 act increased penalties for violating drug laws and regulated both narcotics and marijuana in a single federal law.

A)Boggs Act.
B)Narcotics Control Act.
C)Pure Food and Drug Act.
D)Lindner Act.

Question 17

This 1956 act increased penalties and federal authority concerning narcotics.

A)Lindner Act.
B)Narcotics Control Act.
C)Pure Food and Drug Act.
D)Boggs Act.

Question 18

This 1970 act set forth the drug schedules currently used to classify drugs.

A)Narcotics Control Act.
B)Controlled Substances Act.
C)Boggs Act.
D)Pure Food and Drug Act.

Question 19

Which constitutional amendment allowed passage of the National Prohibition Act?

A)Sixth.
B)Fifth.
C)Fourth.
D)Eighteenth.

Question 20

When did Prohibition end?

A)1933.
B)1963.
C)1953.
D)1923.

Question 21

Currie specified several goals that drug treatment programs should strive for.

A)Taking treatment seriously.
B)Making aftercare a priority.
C)Making treatment user-friendly.
D)All of the above.

Question 22

This is the total removal of legal prohibitions on specific acts that were previously proscribed and punishable by law.

A)Emendation.
B)Legalization.
C)Prohibition.
D)Decriminalization.

Question 23

This is the emendation of laws or statutes to lessen or remove penalties for specific acts subject to criminal prosecution, arrest, and imprisonment.

A)Decriminalization.
B)Legalization.
C)Defenestration.
D)Prohibition.

Question 24

Which is typically termed a "nuisance" sex offense?

A)Prostitution.
B)Child molestation.
C)Rape.
D)All of the above.

Question 25

Which state licenses brothels?

A)Montana.
B)New Jersey.
C)Nevada.
D)All of the above.

Question 26

These are practices, acts, and/or media accepted by a given social group who share a geographic area and/or government.

A)Obscenity laws.
B)Community standards.
C)Standards and practices
D)Collective agreement.

Question 27

In this case, the Supreme Court set forth a new three-part test for obscenity.

A)Nye County v. Plankinton.
B)Jacobellis v. Ohio.
C)Miller v. California.
D)Miller v. Fenton.

Question 28

Which of these drugs is illegal?

A)Alcohol.
B)Caffeine.
C)Tobacco.
D)None of the above.

Question 29

Increased penalties for drug usage and sales is based on the principle.

A)Rational choice.
B)Labeling.
C)Biological.
D)Deterrence.

Question 30

In this case, Justice Potter Stewart illustrated the difficulty of defining obscenity by saying, "I know it when I see it."

A)Miller v. California.
B)Weeks v. United States.
C)Jacobellis v. Ohio.
D)Nye County v. Plankinton.

Question 31

When victims do not report offenses, it affects how the system can assist them.

Question 32

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, people age 24 or older had higher rates of violent victimization than younger people.

Question 33

Offenders who are strangers to the victim commit more than half of most offenses.

Question 34

The number of indirect victims or co-victims of crime can be quite large.

Question 35

Domestic violence incidents are usually sudden or isolated.

Question 36

The government keeps statistics on the occurrence of financial crime and victimization to the extent that it does on street crime.

Question 37

The federal government uses the U.S. Postal Service to control some pornography.

Question 38

The legal definition of obscenity is very specific and exact.

Question 39

Because prostitution is essentially a consensual activity, there is no victim to alert law enforcement.

Question 40

State laws and penalties concerning marijuana do not vary much.

Question 41

One method for combating drugs is to provide treatment for addicts.

Question 42

It is illegal to be a drug addict.

Question 43

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 criminalized most drugs.

Question 44

Prohibition was a resounding success.

Question 45

Cocaine and morphine were key ingredients in many patent medicines.

Question 46

According to Abadinksy, drug abuse is "ingesting a psychoactive substance that is illegal to possess or that is taken in quantities that are clearly harmful."

Question 47

In colonial America, drinking alcohol was popular because it was safer than drinking the water.

Question 48

The resources dedicated to the drug war have stretched the ability of the criminal justice systems so that it must establish priorities as to which offenses to pursue.

Question 49

Most arrests for prostitution are a result of customers reporting their interactions with prostitutes.

Question 50

Many times, the act of prostitution is not a consensual one.

Question 51

How does the National Crime Victimization Survey classify an offense as a hate crime?

Question 52

Describe the typical financial offender and the typical financial victim.

Question 53

Discuss why the elderly and children are two particularly vulnerable classes of victims.

Question 54

List two items typically included on a state's victims' "bill of rights."

Question 55

Discuss the criminal justice system's treatment of drugs among marginalized classes versus its reaction once these drugs reached the mainstream of society.

Question 56

Why is treating drug addiction an important aspect to the war on drugs?

Question 57

How might drug legalization reduce crime?

Question 58

What are some tasks of law enforcement in dealing with illegal drugs?

Question 59

Why are prostitution, exotic dancing, and pornography considered less serious than rape, child molestation, and sex-related homicide?

Question 60

List three benefits of the legalization of prostitution suggested by those who advocate for its legalization.