Deck 13: Corrections in the Community

Question 1

Which is not one of the multiple goals of the criminal justice system?

A)Execution.
B)Incapacitation.
C)Retribution.
D)Rehabilitation.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which is an assumption about the benefits of using community resources to address the problems of crime?

A)The community has resources that are unavailable in prison.
B)The state spends less money on offenders in community corrections programs than it does incarcerating them.
C)The prison's total control doesn't prepare inmates to take responsibility for their actions.
D)All of the above.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which function does not define the occupation of the probation officer?

A)Supervision.
B)Service.
C)Investigation.
D)Security.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The probation officer prepares this report to assist a judge in sentencing.

A)Pretrial investigation.
B)Post-sentence investigation.
C)Pre-sentence investigation.
D)Permanent record.

Question 5

When collecting information about a case, the probation officer uses .

A)The legal history of the incident and the offender's legal history.
B)The legal history of the incident and the offender's social history.
C)The legal history of the incident and the offender's credit rating.
D)The legal history of the incident and the offender's permanent school record.

Question 6

Probation supervision is .

A)A form of rehabilitation and surveillance.
B)A form of punishment and incarceration.
C)A form of punishment and retribution.
D)A form of punishment and surveillance.

Question 7

To determine the level of risk for offenders, probation officers use this.

A)Conversation with the offender.
B)Presentence investigation.
C)Risk assessment instrument.
D)All of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a standard condition of probation for federal offenders?

A)The defendant shall report to the probation officer as directed by the court.
B)The defendant shall work regularly at a lawful occupation unless excused by the probation officer.
C)The defendant shall permit a probation officer to visit the defendant at any time.
D)The defendant shall attend church.

Question 9

This form of supervision requires frequent meetings between the client and probation officer.

A)Regular supervision probation.
B)Light supervision probation.
C)Intensive supervision probation.
D)Medium supervision probation.

Question 10

In this case, the Supreme Court set forth that felony defendants must be allowed to have an attorney during hearings when probation may be revoked or a deferred sentence imposed.

A)Morrissey v. Brewer.
B)Mempa v. Rhay.
C)Ford v. Wainwright.
D)Tennessee v. Garner.

Question 11

Impediments to the work of probation officers include .

A)Sparse resources.
B)Uncooperative offenders.
C)High caseloads.
D)All of the above.

Question 12

Which reformer contributed to the idea that the penal system should help the offender return to society?

A)Sir Walter Crofton.
B)Cesare Beccaria.
C)Michel Foucault.
D)Sir Robert Peel.

Question 13

Probation is the decision of a , whereas parole is under the control of the .

A)Judge; governor.
B)Judge; president.
C)Governor; judge.
D)Prosecutor; governor.

Question 14

In this case, the Supreme Court provided minimum due-process requirements for the revocation of parole.

A)Tennessee v. Garner.
B)Mempa v. Rhay.
C)Ford v. Wainwright.
D)Morrissey v. Brewer.

Question 15

Which is one of the principles on which the decision to grant parole is based?

A)The rehabilitation issue.
B)The limited amount of prison space.
C)The public demand for retribution and punishment.
D)All of the above.

Question 16

The time deducted from an inmate's prison sentence for good behavior is called .

A)Behavior time.
B)Hard time.
C)Meritorious time.
D)Good time.

Question 17

The decision to grant parole is based on a number of factors. Which is not one of these?

A)Time served.
B)Pre-parole plan.
C)Offender interview.
D)Public opinion.

Question 18

Some inmates can significantly reduce their sentence by earning this for completing treatment programs or educational degrees while in prison.

A)Behavior time.
B)Hard time.
C)Meritorious time.
D)Good time.

Question 19

In this case, the Supreme Court stated that no cause was required for jail cell searches.

A)Block v. Rutherford.
B)Mempa v. Rhay.
C)Ford v. Wainwright.
D)Morrissey v. Brewer.

Question 20

Which is one of the obstacles to an inmate's successful re-entry into society?

A)Prisonization.
B)Judges.
C)Parole boards.
D)All of the above.

Question 21

A personal status that overwhelms all others is called a(n) .

A)Minimum status.
B)Temporary status.
C)Inmate status.
D)Master status.

Question 22

This is a sentencing alternative for the judge who finds regular probation too lenient and prison too severe.

A)Parole.
B)Primary sanction.
C)Intermediate sanction.
D)Tertiary sanction.

Question 23

This is a short-term prison that uses military training techniques to rehabilitate offenders.

A)Penitentiary.
B)Basic-training prison.
C)Boot-camp prison.
D)Jail.

Question 24

Jails .

A)Hold suspects awaiting disposition and felons sentenced to less than a year of incarceration.
B)Hold suspects awaiting disposition and misdemeanants sentenced to less than a year of incarceration.
C)Only hold suspects awaiting disposition.
D)None of the above.

Question 25

Offenders can be diverted to alternative programs at a number of points in the criminal justice system. These programs are based on _ theory.

A)Biological.
B)Strain.
C)Rational choice.
D)Labeling.

Question 26

Because probation is a _ release, probationers must agree to limited legal rights.

A)Complete.
B)Contractual.
C)Unconditional.
D)Conditional.

Question 27

The state contracts this form of probation supervision to for-profit agencies.

A)Intensive supervision probation.
B)Parole.
C)Public probation.
D)Private probation.

Question 28

Which is not a disadvantage of private probation?

A)The questionable ethics of punishment for profit.
B)Lack of social-class bias.
C)Low staff qualifications.
D)Profit motive.

Question 29

As of 2013, agencies supervised half of the nation's parole population.

A)25.
B)50.
C)6.
D)10.

Question 30

Currently, there are _ parole supervising agencies in the United States.

A)5.
B)52.
C)50.
D)25.

Question 31

States can afford to keep all offenders incarcerated indefinitely.

Question 32

Parolees and probationers are different types of clients in terms of risk factors, community ties, and social needs.

Question 33

The origin of the world "parole" is French for "get out of jail free."

Question 34

Probation instead, parole after.

Question 35

Any violation of the technical conditions of probation results in revocation.

Question 36

There are more adults on state probation than on federal probation.

Question 37

Most prison systems do not attempt to prepare the inmate for reentry into society.

Question 38

Because prisons are crowded, the court must place on probation some offenders who pose a risk to society.

Question 39

At any given time, there are more probationers than inmates or parolees.

Question 40

Conditions of parole typically are significantly different than those of probation.

Question 41

Offenders may be diverted to alternative programs at a number of points in the criminal justice system.

Question 42

Most adults successfully complete probation.

Question 43

The local jail is a primary component of the correctional system.

Question 44

House arrest is a fairly recent concept in intermediate sanctions.

Question 45

Jails serve as a major focal point in the administration of justice.

Question 46

According to the American Bar Association, several states charge indigent defendants to apply for a public defender.

Question 47

Diversion programs are especially unpopular for first-time offenders who have committed relatively minor offenses.

Question 48

Diversion programs increase the number of people who enter the criminal justice system.

Question 49

A Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitoring, or SCRAM, device measures the amount of alcohol in a person's body through the skin.

Question 50

Shock probation is the practice of sentencing offenders to prison, allowing them to serve a short time, and then granting them probation without their prior knowledge.

Question 51

List four community-corrections assumptions about the nature of crime and using community resources to address crime problems.

Question 52

According to Blomberg and Lucken, what is "stacking the deck?"

Question 53

How do offenders typically view probation? Why?

Question 54

What could happen to probationers whose probation is revoked? Why? How does probation an offender serves affect a new prison sentence?

Question 55

How do pre-sentence investigations assist judges presiding over plea-bargained cases?

Question 56

What constitutional protections do probationers have against search and surveillance?

Question 57

List two advantages of private probation.

Question 58

What is prisonization?

Question 59

List four ways that intensive-supervision probation (ISP) differs from regular probation.

Question 60

How is net-widening problematic for intermediate sanctions?