Deck 11: New Boundaries, New Roles- 1820-1856

Question 1

Why did Americans fail to gain control of all the land located within the 13 colonies?

A)Spanish occupied territory in the Carolinas.
B)Cherokee and Creek held extensive land in Georgia.
C)Americans were not interested in land masses located near the Canadian border.
D)There were large tracts of land still owned by British loyalists.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Why were the Cherokees targeted for expulsion from their lands?

A)They refused to assimilate into American culture.
B)There were no valid treaties between the federal government and the Cherokee nation.
C)The Cherokee constantly harassed American citizens.
D)Gold was discovered on land they controlled.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Following the Supreme Court decision in Worcester v. Georgia what action did the state of Georgia take?

A)They allowed the Cherokee to move peacefully to another part of Georgia.
B)They negotiated a new treaty with all the Cherokee regarding relocation outside the state.
C)They negotiated a treaty with a small group of Cherokee that was not accepted by the entire Cherokee nation.
D)The state refused to allow settlers to occupy Cherokee land.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Approximately what percentage of Seminoles were killed in the Second Seminole War?

A)20%
B)50%
C)75%
D)90%

Question 5

How did the relationship between settlers and Plains Indians change in the 19^th century?

A)Indians and settlers found a way to peacefully co-exist.
B)Indians welcomed the new influx of settlers because of trade opportunities.
C)New settlers posed a threat because they set up permanent residences.
D)Settlers welcomed the Indian presence because they helped to navigate trails.

Question 6

What did American settlers in the southwest think about the Mexican and Indian residents?

A)They respected the Mexicans for their revolutionary spirit but not the Indians.
B)They considered both groups obstacles to expansion.
C)They respected Indians for trading but loathed the Mexicans.
D)They respected both groups as part of America's diverse landscape.

Question 7

What steps did the Mexicans take to reduce the influence of the Catholic Church in North America?

A)They sent the missionaries back to Spain.
B)They replaced the missions with forts.
C)They destroyed Catholic Churches.
D)They secularized the missions.

Question 8

"Remember the Alamo" referred to a battle that occurred in

A)1821.
B)1830.
C)1836.
D)1848.

Question 9

Who became president of the newly independent Republic of Texas?

A)Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
B)Steve Austin
C)Sam Houston
D)Lorenza de Zavala

Question 10

How did the Republic of Texas deal with the issue of slavery?

A)Texans defended their abolition of slavery.
B)Slavery was allowed but free blacks were also permitted to reside in Texas.
C)Slavery was reinstated and free blacks were excluded from the territory.
D)Texans chose to vote on the issue.

Question 11

Although in general the explorations of Wilkes were considered an achievement, some people were concerned that

A)Americans would judge indigenous people by western standards.
B)future explorations of this magnitude would result in more global conflict.
C)Americans would begin to question their religious beliefs.
D)Americans would realize how small a part they played in a world wide society.

Question 12

How did Americans' perception of social classes change during the 19^th century?

A)Americans refused to acknowledge the presence of social classes in America.
B)Social distinctions in America had little relevance in the political world.
C)The emergence of social classes became evident .
D)Americans considered social classes a mark of distinction.

Question 13

Which of the following statements best describes the state of America's labor movement during the early decades of the 19^th century?

A)Wage earners quickly became the wealthy middle-class.
B)Workers in industrial cities benefitted the most from wage labor.
C)Strikes were used as a first resort to address labor issues.
D)Neighborhoods became defined by class.

Question 14

European labor activists of the 1830s encouraged Americans to

A)overthrow their government.
B)form political parties based on class.
C)accept the conditions of the Industrial Revolution.
D)settle their differences through violence.

Question 15

How did Frances Wright energize American labor workers?

A)introduced the concept of day care
B)encouraged aggressive action to settle labor disputes
C)spoke publically about women's rights
D)advocated the notion of separate spheres for men and women

Question 16

Most immigrants who came to America between 1820 and 1960 came from which of the following areas?

A)Northwest Europe
B)Eastern Europe
C)Southern Europe
D)Scandinavian countries

Question 17

American businessmen who wanted to capitalize on the Chinese markets were hindered by which of the following?

A)language
B)lack of Chinese interest in American goods
C)restrictive American laws regarding trading
D)distance

Question 18

How did American and British trade in opium affect the Chinese?

A)It created a wealthy middle class in China.
B)The Chinese government prospered from the trade.
C)It devastated Chinese society by creating addicts and crime.
D)It created some social problems but mostly it had a positive effect.

Question 19

In the 1840s, most large American cities

A)were not socially diverse.
B)were residential, but not commercial centers.
C)were economically diverse places.
D)stifled the rise of the middle class.

Question 20

What did southern slaveholders do in order to meet labor demands?

A)engaged heavily in an internal slave trade
B)treated their slaves better to ensure a longer life expectancy
C)illegally continued to bring slaves to America from Africa
D)began to hire white farm workers instead of using black slaves

Question 21

New attitudes regarding manhood were less accepted among ______ men.

A)Northern
B)Southern
C)religious
D)younger

Question 22

By the 1840s the rise of the middle class was due, in part, to the?

A)political cohesiveness.
B)arrival of wealthy immigrants from Ireland.
C)religious unity.
D)rapid growth of cities.

Question 23

How did the status of the family change as a result of the expansion of an industrialized nation?

A)Women were encouraged to work in factories.
B)Men spent more time at home with their families.
C)The concept of separate spheres emerged.
D)Women's perceived morality encouraged public participation in politics.

Question 24

What was Tocqueville's view of gender relations in America?

A)American women were limited due to their gender.
B)American women were more liberated than their European counterparts.
C)He observed men in America had no control over the rights and property of their wives.
D)He was surprised women participated in politics.

Question 25

How did most states increase the number of eligible voters?

A)lowering the voting age
B)eliminating race as a factor
C)eliminating residency requirements
D)eliminating property restrictions

Question 26

Which party was victorious in the elections of 1840 and 1848?

A)Whig
B)Democratic Republicans
C)Young Democrats
D)Republicans

Question 27

How was the tariff issue under Jackson settled?

A)South Carolina seceded.
B)The tariff was lowered but South Carolina retained the right to secede.
C)The tariff was lowered and South Carolina withdrew its nullification action.
D)Calhoun was impeached for disobeying a federal law.

Question 28

What was the goal of most abolitionists before the Civil War?

A)immediate emancipation of all enslaved people only
B)immediate emancipation and the gradual recognition of slaves as political equals
C)gradual and peaceful emancipation and the gradual recognition of slaves as political and social equals
D)gradual and peaceful emancipation of all enslaved people only

Question 29

Which of the following arguments of racial superiority did southerners use to justify the necessity for slavery?

A)Skull size was related to intellectual ability.
B)The ability to read was related to intellect.
C)Blacks were incapable of following complicated orders.
D)Blacks were not as physically developed as whites.

Question 30

Among men, which of the following groups were more likely to communicate in emotional terms?

A)farmers
B)abolitionists
C)politicians
D)businessmen

Question 31

Which statement best summarizes Jackson's perspective on Indian issues when he became president?

A)He believed the U.S. should honor previous treaties with the Indians.
B)He wanted to negotiate with the Indian government regarding territorial occupation.
C)He opposed Indians in the territories.
D)He considered the Indians a minor obstacle to western expansion.

Question 32

What group of people in particular were anxious to expel the Cherokee from Georgia?

A)cotton growers
B)white miners
C)fishermen
D)traders

Question 33

Jackson's view of the Indians can best be described as

A)tolerant.
B)antagonistic.
C)indifferent.
D)sympathetic.

Question 34

What was Jackson's solution to the "Indian problem" in Georgia?

A)He convinced Congress to issue the Indian Removal Act.
B)He agreed to allow the Cherokee to stay if they assimilated into American culture.
C)He urged peaceful negotiations.
D)He allowed the Cherokee to settle wherever they wanted.

Question 35

What was the Supreme Court's decision in the legal case of the Cherokee against Georgia?

A)The Cherokee had no authority to sue a state.
B)Tribes had sovereignty over the federal government.
C)Tribes had sovereignty over state government but not the federal government.
D)The Court refused to hear the case.

Question 36

What was the eventual outcome of the Second Seminole War?

A)Seminoles defeated American forces and continued to reside in Georgia.
B)Seminoles were defeated and relocated to unsettled areas.
C)Americans and Seminoles entered into a mutually beneficial peace treaty.
D)Americans withdrew due to political pressure.

Question 37

The most difficult part of the journey westward for settlers was

A)hunger.
B)Indians.
C)financing the journey.
D)crossing the Rockies.

Question 38

What did Americans have to do in order to legally settle in Spanish territories in the Southwest?

A)Take an oath of allegiance to the Spanish government
B)Promise to convert to Catholicism
C)Limit their property ownership
D)Agree to pay taxes to the Spanish government

Question 39

Filibusters in the northern regions of Mexico

A)engaged in private warfare.
B)adhered to the rules of the U.S. Neutrality Act of 1818.
C)were considered an impediment to expansion by Americans.
D)were sanctioned by the Mexican government.

Question 40

Why were southern Americans especially eager to liberate countries from the Spanish?

A)They did not want a foreign government so close to U.S. borders.
B)They were looking to expand plantation agriculture.
C)They were looking for additional export markets.
D)They wanted to expel any Catholic influences.

Question 41

What was the outcome of the battle at the Alamo mission in Texas?

A)It resulted in defeat for those seeking Texas independence.
B)It was a victory for Texas independence.
C)It caused the death of Santa Anna.
D)It led to the capture of Santa Anna.

Question 42

The Battle of San Jacinto

A)diminished the reputation of independent leaders such as Sam Houston.
B)led to the permanent abolition of slavery in Texas.
C)assured the independence of Texas.
D)reaffirmed Spanish control in Texas.

Question 43

How did western Europeans increase their prestige in the global world?

A)Wars on the continent continued to solidify country boundaries.
B)They used the ocean for trading opportunities.
C)They controlled the Silk Road.
D)They used the military for protection.

Question 44

What in particular concerned Americans about the growth of the working class?

A)A wealthy working class would buy up large tracts of land.
B)The possibility that the working class would gain political power.
C)They were aware that industrialization in Europe had negative consequences.
D)Growth of the working class would decrease the number of agricultural producers and lead to food shortages.

Question 45

How did the relationship between owners and workers change during the 1830s?

A)Each group became more tolerant of the other.
B)Workers used strikes as a form of protest.
C)Owners were often able to meet the demands of workers through negotiation.
D)Workers were generally satisfied with factory conditions.

Question 46

Which of the following enhanced the bargaining power of owners during the 1830s?

A)depression of 1837
B)rise of union membership
C)non-integration of trade unions
D)scarcity of workers

Question 47

According to Marx and Engels, which of the following was most likely to occur?

A)decline of agricultural workers
B)rise of the factory owners in political power
C)increase in property ownership by the rich
D)rise of the working class

Question 48

In what year was the Manifesto of the Communist Party published?

A)1835
B)1848
C)1850
D)1860

Question 49

Which of the following best explains the immigration practices of the Irish between 1820 and 1860?

A)Ads for Irish domestic workers encouraged immigrants to America.
B)Irish were welcomed in America because they were skilled laborers.
C)Irish tended to immigrate as a family unit.
D)Irish immigrants were escaping religious oppression.

Question 50

How did immigrants between 1830 and 1850 affect American workers?

A)They caused wages to rise.
B)They caused wages to drop.
C)American workers accepted immigrants because they increased union power.
D)Immigrants provided another market for American goods.

Question 51

What was "new" about working conditions for slaves on the new southwest plantations?

A)less labor intensive
B)more labor intensive
C)more individual freedom
D)families could usually stay together

Question 52

What was the benefit to slaves who worked under the "task system" of labor?

A)Slaves were allowed to keep all extra money and goods they produced.
B)They did not have to work as hard.
C)They had more opportunities to escape.
D)They had some degree of autonomy.

Question 53

How did childrearing change during the antebellum era?

A)The lines between the proper role of husband and wife were blurred in terms of authority over children.
B)A greater respect between husband and wife led to more liberal views.
C)There was more of an emphasis on affection towards children.
D)The authority of the father waned.

Question 54

How did the laws of coverture affect women?

A)The laws required women to give property and wages to their husbands.
B)Married women were allowed to retain wages.
C)Married women were allowed to retain personal property.
D)They increased women's legal rights.

Question 55

How did women attempt to infiltrate the public sphere in the mid 19^th century?

A)They ran for public office.
B)They participated in reform movements.
C)Many women were beginning to own their own businesses.
D)They organized presidential political campaigns.

Question 56

Which of the following determined to a large degree the extent of gender divisions in American society during the mid 19^th century?

A)families
B)ethnicity
C)American religion
D)class position

Question 57

How did the concept of manhood vary by region?

A)Southerners were less likely to use retaliation as an option to solving problems.
B)Floridians were more likely to use physical violence.
C)Men in the northeast were less concerned about families because of the emphasis on making money.
D)Men in the west were more likely to control women.

Question 58

What helped determine gender roles in the southwest?

A)ratio of men to women
B)class structure
C)economic situation
D)political environment

Question 59

By the 1840s, a faction of Jacksonians who called themselves _____________ began to promote the virtues of market and global trade.

A)Democrats
B)Young Democrats
C)Free Traders
D)Whigs

Question 60

In general, communities in the ___________ were more likely to adhere to old world gender roles.

A)Northeast
B)Southwest
C)West
D)East

Question 61

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Susan B. Anthony
2. Davy Crockett
3. Lone Star Republic
4. White collar workers
5. Lorenzo de Zavala
6. Grimke sisters
7. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
8. Abolitionists
9. Corn Laws
10. Naturalization

Question 62

Why did the Republic of Texas present a potential problem to the other U.S. states?

A)It jeopardized American relations with other Latin American countries.
B)It worried Protestant Americans who were concerned about the inclusion of a large population of Catholics.
C)Southerners were worried that cotton growing would move away from the original southern states.
D)Southerners were concerned that Texas would become a haven for run-away slaves.

Question 63

How did the Seminole Indians approach their problem with white settlers?

A)through legal maneuvering
B)through negotiation
C)with violence
D)with acceptance

Question 64

What was one of the results of the expeditions led by Lt. Charles Wilkes?

A)The Smithsonian Institute was established.
B)Americans were encouraged to travel to India.
C)It promoted a more inclusive view of the notion of civilization.
D)It proved that other societies outside America and Europe were just as advanced.

Question 65

Strikes during the 1830s were mostly initiated by

A)women.
B)the unemployed.
C)unions.
D)craft workers.

Question 66

What European nationalities supplied the greatest number of immigrants to America between 1830 and 1869?

A)Germans
B)Polish
C)Italians
D)Irish

Question 67

The new middle class of America was most likely to

A)be independently wealthy.
B)work at a day labor job.
C)not engage in manual labor.
D)work from the home.

Question 68

Members of the Whig Party tended to

A)support working class immigrants.
B)encourage Catholics to participate in politics.
C)support nationalism.
D)support southern slavery.

Question 69

What steps did southerners take in the 1840s that changed their concept of democracy?

A)allowed non-slaveholders the right to vote
B)allowed free blacks the right to vote
C)agreed not to challenge federal laws in order to promote cohesiveness
D)agreed that nullification of federal laws was illegal

Question 70

What political ploy did southerners use to keep the discussion of slavery in Congress at a minimum?

A)boycotted Congress when the discussion of slavery occurred
B)gag rule
C)threatened secession
D)filibuster

Question 71

What arguments were used by pro-slavers to defend the continuation of slavery?

A)scientific explanations
B)religious precedent
C)historical precedent
D)international laws regarding slavery

Question 72

What legal argument did the Cherokee use to justify their right to stay in Georgia?

Question 73

What issues caused the most concern to American workers?

Question 74

What caused the Irish immigrants in particular to be discriminated against in America?

Question 75

How did Americans protest against the influx of immigrants between 1830 and 1850?

Question 76

What issue caused South Carolina to consider nullification as a viable option against federal laws?

Question 77

Discuss some of the major problems Americans faced in their goal of westward expansion.

Question 78

Because of the process of industrialization, the American labor force underwent profound changes. What were some of the challenges facing the new labor force of the mid 19^th century?

Question 79

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Trail of Tears
2. South Seas Exploring Expedition
3. Mulatto
4. "Civilizational" argument for slavery
5. Josiah Nott
6. Indian Removal Act of 1830
7. Coverture
8. Mudsill
9. Robert Dale Owen
10. Lowell Mill Girls

Question 80

What concerned many white citizens about Jackson's Indian policy?

A)the inhumane treatment of the Cherokee
B)the fact that Jackson ignored a Supreme Court decision.
C)Davy Crockett's loss of his seat in Congress for opposing the policy
D)the expense of relocating the Indians