Deck 10: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Eating disorders only came into existence in 1980.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Opioid levels are thought to be high in people with bulimia nervosa.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Binge eating disorder is more common in men than women.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Anorexia means loss of appetite; however people with anorexia nervosa tend to be preoccupied with food.

Question 5

People with bulimia nervosa often feel ashamed following a binge.

Question 6

Activity anorexia is when a person exercise to excess to lose weight.

Question 7

Binge eating disorder is more responsive to treatment than anorexia or bulimia.

Question 8

Eating disorder, not otherwise specified, is the most common diagnosis of eating disorder.

Question 9

Binge eating disorders is essentially bulimia without purging.

Question 10

Female characters in video games are portrayed more realistically than in magazines.

Question 11

The hippocampus is thought to play a role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders.

Question 12

Anorexia nervosa can cause death.

Question 13

Bingeing and purging is an effective way to lose weight.

Question 14

Monozygotic twins are more likely to both have anorexia or bulimia than dizygotic twins.

Question 15

Bulimia nervosa and depression are often comorbid.

Question 16

To be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, a postmenarcheal female must experience amenorrhea.

Question 17

The release of opioids during starvation and exercise reinforce those behaviours.

Question 18

A blind woman became bulimic based on the unrealistic physical dimensions of the Barbie doll.

Question 19

Night eating syndrome is a type of purging disorder.

Question 20

Serotonin is implicated in anorexia nervosa.

Question 21

People with eating disorders tend to be low on measures of perfectionism.

Question 22

In Canada, the one-year prevalence rate for eating disorders in women ages 15 to 24 is:

A) 0.5%
B) 0.6%
C) 0.9%
D) 1.5%

Question 23

While eating disorders typically appear in adolescence, there is a new trend towards hospitalizing people aged ______ for eating disorders.

A) 5-12
B) 25-35
C) 40-50
D) 55+

Question 24

Which eating disorder has the highest overall lifetime prevalence rate?

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Binge eating disorder
D) Purging disorder

Question 25

Viewing images of idealized female bodies can women dissatisfied with their bodies.

Question 26

In the DSM-5, eating disorders are listed in the diagnostic category:

A) Disorders beginning in childhood or adolescence.
B) Somatization disorders.
C) Psychological factors affecting medical condition.
D) None of the above; they have their own separate diagnostic category.

Question 27

Hospitalization rates for eating disorders are highest among women aged

A) 10-14
B) 15-24
C) 20-24
D) 25-34

Question 28

Hospitalization is often the first step in treating bulimia nervosa.

Question 29

In Canada, the one-year prevalence rates for eating disorders in women and men (age 15 and older) are respectively:

A) 0.5%; 0.1%
B) 0.6%; 0.2%
C) 0.8%; 0.2%
D) 0.9%; 0.3%

Question 30

According to Minuchin's model, enmeshment is the key factor in the development of eating disorders.

Question 31

Eating disorders may be an attempt to seem more adult.

Question 32

Therapy is most effective for anorexia when it is delivered within the first few years of symptoms.

Question 33

Viewing images of idealized female bodies can make chronic dieters feel thinner.

Question 34

When was the diagnosis of binge eating disorder first introduced into the DSM?

A) DSM-III
B) DSM-IV
C) DSM-IV-TR
D) DSM-5

Question 35

Antidepressants are the most effective medication for both anorexia and bulimia.

Question 36

Which of the following empirical studies most accurately describes the prevalence rates of eating disorders?

A) A recent community study in Italy found lifetime prevalence rates of 3.5%
B) A twin study in Sweden estimated prevalence rates to be 4.1%
C) Statistics Canada's 2002 Mental Health and Well-being Survey found that 5.3% of Canadians 15 years of age or older had been diagnosed with an eating disorder in the preceding 12 months
D) CCHS determined that 1.5% of young women aged 15-24 reported having an eating disorder

Question 37

A new diagnosis among eating disorders in the DSM-5 is

A) Bulimarexia.
B) Binge eating disorder.
C) Dysmorphia disorder.
D) None of the above choices are correct.

Question 38

Interpersonal therapy is effective for bulimia because it forces the patient to examine the reasons behind her binge and purge behaviour.

Question 39

In the U.S., the lifetime prevalence rates for anorexia nervosa in women and men are, respectively:

A) 0.5%; 0.1%
B) 0.6%; 0.2%
C) 0.8%; 0.2%
D) 0.9%; 0.3%

Question 40

Cognitive-behavioural treatment is the "gold standard" for treating bulimia nervosa.

Question 41

A recent analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey conducted by Gadalla (2008) revealed the following regarding eating disorders:

A) Both men and women who are at risk for eating disorders were also prone to depression, panic disorder, and social phobia.
B) Women who are at risk for eating disorders were also prone to depression, panic disorder, and social phobia.
C) Only young women (ages 15 to 24) who are at risk for eating disorders were also prone to depression, panic disorder, and social phobia.
D) Men who are at risk for eating disorders were also prone to depression, panic disorder, and social phobia.

Question 42

Keel et al. (2005, 2007) have proposed the following name for a new eating disorder:

A) Bulimia not otherwise specified
B) Eating-purging disorder
C) Purging disorder
D) Anorexia-bulimia nervosa

Question 43

Sybil is a teenager who weighs 100 pounds and has an intense fear of gaining weight, even though girls her age and height should weigh around 110 pounds. She diets and exercises frequently, and has purged after eating by using laxatives. She has not menstruated in the past three months. Sybil is likely suffering from:

A) Anorexia nervosa, restricting type
B) Anorexia nervosa, binging-purging type
C) Bulimia nervosa, purging type
D) A diagnosis cannot be made because the criteria have not been satisfied

Question 44

A client who says "I get confused about what I'm feeling" would be expected to score high on which subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory?

A) Ineffectiveness
B) Interpersonal distrust
C) Interoceptive awareness
D) Perfectionism

Question 45

Anorexia refers to ________ aspects of the disorder and Nervosa refers to ________ aspects

A) psychological, physiological
B) physiological, cognitive
C) cognitive, psychological
D) physiological, emotional

Question 46

What has Canadian researcher Lambe (1997) determined about decreases in brain size among anorexics?

A) They are not as pronounced as once thought.
B) While white matter is restored upon recovery, grey matter losses are permanent.
C) Grey matter volume is restored but white matter deficits remain after recovery.
D) Both grey and white matter losses appear irreversible.

Question 47

Which of the following disorders is in the DSM-5 category of "other specified feeding or eating disorder."?

A) Pica
B) Night eating syndrome
C) Rumination disorder
D) Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

Question 48

Which of the eating disorders is the most diagnosed?

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Binge eating disorder
D) Eating disorder not otherwise specified

Question 49

Anorexia nervosa in males:

A) Is almost nonexistent.
B) Is related to less family conflict than in females.
C) Is less likely to be fatal than in females.
D) Is quite similar to that in females.

Question 50

A result of distorted body image in anorexics can be observed by

A) Excessive preoccupation with makeup.
B) Critical evaluation of body areas such as stomach and buttocks.
C) Frequent questioning of others regarding their appearance.
D) Checking behaviours designed to ensure that their stomach and buttocks appear smaller than in reality.

Question 51

A physiological effect of anorexia nervosa is:

A) Hirsutism (growing heavier, darker hair)
B) Amenorrhea (loss or irregularity of menstrual period)
C) High blood pressure
D) all of the above

Question 52

Lynette stopped eating meals over two months ago. Now, she eats very little, and only when under some family pressure. She has lost over 22 pounds, and is now about 15% below normal body weight for her height. She probably:

A) Has anorexia nervosa
B) Has eating disorder, not otherwise specified
C) Has bulimia nervosa.
D) Is also abusing illicit drugs.

Question 53

Eating disorder not otherwise specified is diagnosed at which rates?

A) Between 10% and 30%
B) Between 20% and 40%
C) Between 40% and 60%
D) Between 40% and 70%

Question 54

Regina visits her general practitioner medical doctor. Her weight is 90 pounds although she believes she is overweight. She 'snacks' on laxatives, and restricts her eating to one small meal a day, after which she exercises for two hours. Her physical exam is likely to reveal that she has

A) lowered heart rate and blood pressure.
B) calcium deposits.
C) improved muscle tone.
D) fibroid tumours.

Question 55

In the DSM-5 one current criterion for anorexia nervosa was dropped. Which of the following was dropped?

A) Amenorrhea
B) Purging
C) Extreme fear of gaining weight
D) Undue influence of body weight on self-evaluation

Question 56

Sally has been diagnosed with purging disorder. Which of the following activities would she be most likely to engage in?

A) Gambling
B) Reading a book
C) Making a shopping list
D) Regularly attending class

Question 57

Recent studies (Calero-Elvira et al., 2009; Gadalla & Piran, 2007) have shown that eating disorders are linked with illicit drug use. Which are those eating disorders?

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Bingeing and dieting cycle
D) B and C only

Question 58

The symptom of amenorrhea in eating disorders

A) Can persist after weight gain.
B) Rarely occurs.
C) If present, always has an onset after weight loss.
D) Is the most important criterion for diagnosing eating disorder.

Question 59

Individuals with anorexia nervosa

A) Stop eating because of an abnormal increase in blood sugar, which alters their perceptions of hunger.
B) Fear gaining weight so much that they stop eating.
C) Have lost their appetite, leading them to stop eating.
D) Stop eating but do not lose weight.

Question 60

Assessments of body shapes reveal that women with distorted attitudes toward eating, relative to those with normal attitudes toward eating:

A) Overestimate their current body size
B) Choose a much thinner body image as ideal
C) Have comparable views about which body image choice is most attractive
D) All of the above

Question 61

Epidemiological research conducted in Canada suggests that bingeing behaviour is best characterized as being:

A) Categorical
B) Along a continuum
C) Discrete
D) According to a cut-off point of two episodes a week

Question 62

Bulimia is a Greek word meaning

A) ox hunger.
B) morbid hunger.
C) rabid hunger.
D) excessive hunger.

Question 63

According to Garfinkel's analysis of bulimia nervosa, ________ is the essential diagnostic criterion and represents the core psychopathology of bulimia nervosa.

A) a negative self-image
B) a morbid fear of fat
C) a disconnection between the brain and the rest of the body
D) binge eating

Question 64

Which of the following items would be found on the "Ineffectiveness" subscale of the Eating Disorders Inventory?

A) I think that my thighs are too large
B) I am preoccupied with the desire to be thinner
C) I have trouble expressing my emotions to others
D) I feel empty inside, emotionally

Question 65

Canadian researchers Lambe and associates found in a recent study of participants with anorexia nervosa that _________ were restored after recover although ________ were not.

A) white-matter volumes; grey-matter volumes
B) grey-matter volumes; white-matter volumes
C) both white- and grey-matter volumes were restored
D) neither white- nor grey-matter volumes were restored

Question 66

According to a study from St. Paul's Hospital in British Columbia, the mortality rate for anorexia was very high with ____________ being the leading cause of death.

A) suicide
B) cardiac-arrest
C) hypoglycemia
D) liver disease

Question 67

What diagnosis is most appropriate for Kristi? Her weight is stable but she reports that, several times a week, she "loses control" and "stuffs her face" eating lots of cookies and ice cream, then throws up by tickling her throat.

A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Binge eating disorder
D) She would not be diagnosed because her weight is stable

Question 68

Prior to the onset of bulimia, sufferers often

A) have anorexia nervosa.
B) are overweight and dieting.
C) have attempted suicide.
D) have higher than normal levels of serotonin.

Question 69

Self-harm among young women is associated with:

A) Abusive parents
B) Sexual abuse
C) Bodily shame
D) University stress

Question 70

As documented in Canadian studies of trends in eating disorders (e.g., Courbasson et al., 2005), there is growing concern about the increasing rate of co-occurring eating disorders and _________.

A) mood disorders
B) phobias
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) substance-related disorders

Question 71

Steiger and colleagues found that ______________ have higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity and criticize themselves after negative social interactions.

A) depressives
B) bulimics
C) anorexics
D) body dysmorphic patients

Question 72

Self-harm is associated with eating disorders and is more common in people with:

A) High levels of impulsivity
B) Low levels of stress
C) High pain tolerance
D) Low pain tolerance

Question 73

Steiger and colleagues found that binge episodes in bulimics tended to be preceded by poorer than average:

A) Social experiences
B) Self-concepts
C) Moods
D) All of the above

Question 74

A Canadian study (Goldstein et al., 2009) of first-year students showed that _____ had engaged in at least one act of intentional self-harm.

A) 1/4
B) 2/7
C) 2/9
D) 3/10

Question 75

Death rates for anorexics are ________ than those for the general population.

A) 2 times greater
B) 4 times greater
C) 6 times greater
D) 10 times greater

Question 76

The term "bulimia" means:

A) Cow-like hunger
B) Ox-like hunger
C) Elephant-like hunger
D) Lion-like hunger

Question 77

The DSM-5 categorizes bulimia nervosa as

A) an organic mental disorder.
B) psychological factors affecting a medical condition.
C) a subtype of anorexia nervosa.
D) an eating disorder separate from anorexia nervosa.

Question 78

Cynthia has been engaging in anorexic behaviours for years. At 5'3, her highest weight was 140 pounds; she currently weighs 96 pounds. As her weight has continued to drop, Cynthia has experienced a boost in her:

A) Mood
B) Ability to sleep
C) Self-esteem
D) Metabolism

Question 79

The most common self-injury behaviours in a Canadian youth study by Nixon et al. (2008) were:

A) Cutting
B) Scratching
C) Self-hitting
D) All of the above

Question 80

The DSM defines a binge as an excessive amount of food being eaten over:

A) 1 hour
B) 2 hours
C) 4 hours
D) 24 hours