Deck 12: Juvenile Waiver Laws: Benjamin Steiner

Question 1

Which of the following is a method by which juveniles can be waived to criminal court?

A) Direct file.
B) Statutory exclusion.
C) Judicial waiver.
D) All of the above.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is true with regard to juvenile waiver laws in the United States?

A) They were developed after 1980.
B) They have always existed.
C) They are less prevalent than they were in the early 1900s.
D) They have been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the process of waiving a juvenile to criminal court

A) Is an informal process.
B) Is in the best interests of the child.
C) Is a critical stage of the process.
D) Requires a jury trial.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court hold that a waiver hearing is a critical stage of the process?

A) In re Gault.
B) Kent v. United States.
C) Schall v. Martin.
D) Roper v. Simons.

Question 5

Based on the information you have read, most states have

A) Direct file laws.
B) Judicial waiver laws.
C) Statutory exclusion laws.
D) Judicial waiver laws and statutory exclusion laws.

Question 6

Based on the empirical evidence, which of the following factors has been consistently associated with harsher sentencing outcomes for juveniles waived to criminal court?

A) The juvenile's race.
B) The juvenile's sex.
C) The juvenile's social class.
D) The juvenile's prior record.

Question 7

Based on the empirical evidence, which of the following factors has been consistently shown to influence judicial decisions to waive juveniles to criminal court?

A) The juvenile's race.
B) The juvenile's sex.
C) The juvenile's social class.
D) The type of offense the juvenile was alleged to have committed.

Question 8

Based on the empirical evidence, juveniles waived to criminal court are sentenced ________ other adult defendants.

A) The same as.
B) More leniently than.
C) More harshly than.
D) None of the above.

Question 9

Based on the empirical evidence, juveniles waived to criminal court are _________ to reoffend than juveniles retained in juvenile court.

A) Less likely.
B) More likely.
C) Just as likely.
D) No more likely.

Question 10

Based on the empirical evidence, the enactment of juvenile waiver laws _________ violent crime.

A) Increases.
B) Decreases.
C) Has no effect on.
D) Usually impacts.