Question 1

According to Magnavita and Anchin (2014), when anxiety is not manageable in a dyad,&#10;A) the dyad regulates the anxiety of others&#10;B) a unifying relationship occurs&#10;C) another couple steps in&#10;D) a triangulated relationship manifests as a diathesis in order to regulate the anxiety

Accepted Answer

Magnavita and Anchin (2014) discuss that when anxiety is not manageable within a dyad, a triangulated relationship can manifest as a diathesis to regulate the anxiety. This means that a third element or person becomes involved in the relationship to help manage the uncontainable anxiety, rather than the dyad directly addressing and regulating the anxiety within their relationship.

Question 2

Who developed an integrative etiological perspective and selected both common and unique characteristics of cognitive-behavioral, existential, biomedical, and psychodynamic approaches to the anxiety disorders as a basis for developing his/their model?

A) Craske and Waters (2005)
B) Wolfe (2005)
C) Barlow (2004)
D) none of the above

B

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Which areas of the brain are involved in the anxiety disorders?&#10;A) the amygdala&#10;B) the prefrontal cortex&#10;C) the hippocampus&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the areas mentioned, the amygdala, the prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus, play significant roles in the processing of emotions, stress responses, and the regulation of anxiety, making them involved in anxiety disorders.

Question 4

Who suggested that the etiology of the anxiety disorders derives from patients' failed attempts to resolve existential difficulties that human beings encounter during the course of the lifespan?&#10;A) Wolfe&#10;B) Rauch, Shin, & Phelps&#10;C) Alexander and French&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Wolfe suggested that the etiology of the anxiety disorders derives from patients' failed attempts to resolve existential difficulties that human beings encounter during the course of the lifespan.

Question 5

According to Ingersoll & Marquis (2014), if one views the anxiety disorders through the lens of an integral psychotherapy model, in what quadrant are the worry and fear located?&#10;A) In the lower-right group exterior quadrant (social)&#10;B) In the lower-left group interior quadrant (cultural)&#10;C) In the upper-left individual interior quadrant (psychological)&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

The upper-left individual interior quadrant (psychological) is where worry and fear are located according to an integral psychotherapy model, as this quadrant focuses on the individual's internal subjective experience, which includes emotions and psychological states such as anxiety.

Question 6

What tends to increase susceptibility to anxiety?&#10;A) a transtheoretical approach&#10;B) an idea&#10;C) insecure attachments&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Insecure attachments can increase susceptibility to anxiety because they can lead to feelings of insecurity and fear about the stability and safety of relationships, which are foundational to an individual's sense of security and well-being.

Question 7

Which of these statements is true?&#10;A) Gamma-aminobutyric acid has been shown to be a key neurotransmitter involved in anxiety (Ray, 2018).&#10;B) Anxiety conditions are associated with dysfunction in the serotoninergic system, a neurotransmitter system involving serotonin in the amygdala (Pelligrino, Pierce, & Walkup, 2011).&#10;C) Anxiety conditions are associated and with impairment in the noradrenergic system, a neurotransmitter system involving norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus (Pelligrino, Pierce, & Walkup, 2011).&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All statements are true. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is indeed a key neurotransmitter involved in anxiety, anxiety conditions have been associated with dysfunctions in the serotoninergic system, and impairments in the noradrenergic system have also been linked to anxiety conditions.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?&#10;A) The EDER methodology proposes that dysregulated emotions require regulation by the therapist because they impede healthy adaptation; however, patients need to express the initial physiological emotions without regulation by therapists (Fredrickson et al., 2018).&#10;B) The mixture of emotions, anxiety that is conditioned as a result of impaired attachment, and defenses have the potential to produce and maintain emotions that are not regulated (Fredrickson, Messina, & Grecucci, 2018).&#10;C) Infant patterns of attachment have been found to be related to adult attachment patterns (Fraley, 2002).&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All the statements provided reflect accurate concepts within psychology and attachment theory. A) discusses the EDER methodology's approach to emotion regulation, B) touches on the interplay between emotions, anxiety, attachment, and defenses, and C) highlights the continuity between infant and adult attachment patterns, a well-documented phenomenon in psychological research.

Question 9

Fredrickson and colleagues (2018) proposed&#10;A) an integration of emotional neuroscience and Experiential-Neuroscience Objects&#10;B) an integration of emotional neuroscience and Experiential-Dynamic Emotion Regulation (EDER)&#10;C) an integration of self-wounds and Experiential-Dynamic Emotion Regulation (EDER)&#10;D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Fredrickson and colleagues (2018) proposed an integration of emotional neuroscience and Experiential-Dynamic Emotion Regulation (EDER), focusing on understanding how emotions are regulated through a dynamic process that integrates findings from neuroscience.

Question 10

Which themes underlie integrated and unified etiological models for the anxiety disorders,&#10;A) self-wounds&#10;B) neuroscience&#10;C) insecure attachments&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Integrated and unified etiological models for anxiety disorders often encompass a variety of themes, including self-wounds, neuroscience, and insecure attachments, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the origins and maintenance of these disorders.

Deck 4: The Etiology of the Anxiety Disorders: Themes That Underlie Integrated Psychotherapy Models of the Anxiety Disorders