Deck 1: What Is Human Geography

Question 1

Which of the following trends occurred over the course of the twentieth century and helped transform the political map of the world and the relationships between the countries that appear on it?

A) Many former colonies gained independence.
B) Regional political and economic associations emerged.
C) China arose as a challenger to the century-long economic and political dominance of the United States.
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following terms is defined as the study of patterns and processes of the earth's human or social environments?

A) Physical geography
B) Geographical perspective
C) Human geography
D) Sense of place
E) Regionalization

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which scholar defined human geography in the form of three closely related questions: "What is where, why there, and why care"?

A) Charles Gritzner
B) Ernest Burgess
C) Edward Ullman
D) Chauncey Harris
E) Larry Ford

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following aspects unites human and physical geographers together?

A) Situation
B) Geographical perspective
C) Landscapes
D) Maps
E) Regionalization

Question 5

Which of the following is a subdiscipline of geography?

A) Political
B) Economic
C) Cultural
D) Population
E) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following terms is defined as the areal extent of something; used in both absolute and relative forms?

A) Space
B) Place
C) Site
D) Situation
E) Region

Question 7

What is a mental map?

A) A map portraying the absolute locations of places and geographic phenomena
B) An analytical tool to illustrate and emphasize the spatial variation of a particular theme or attribute
C) A map where dots or scale-adjusted symbols represent geographic phenomena
D) An image or spatial representation of the way space is organized as influenced by an individual's knowledge or lived experience in that space
E) A map using colour or shading to indicate intensity of geographic phenomena

Question 8

Which of the following terms refers to the relationship between the area of the earth being studied and the area of the earth as a whole?

A) Geographic scale
B) Projection
C) Map
D) Connectivity
E) Map scale

Question 9

Which of the following is a type of geographic scale?

A) Local
B) National
C) Regional
D) Global
E) All of the above

Question 10

Which scale is best used to examine a phenomenon like population migration?

A) Local
B) National
C) Continental
D) Global
E) All of the above

Question 11

Which scale is best used to examine neighbourhood change as a result of gentrification?

A) Local
B) National
C) Continental
D) Global
E) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following terms refers to a particular position in space; a specific part of the earth's surface?

A) Space
B) Place
C) Location
D) Site
E) Situation

Question 13

Hamilton, Ontario; Vancouver British Columbia; and Peterborough, Ontario are all examples of which category of toponym?

A) Imported
B) Personal
C) Economic
D) Event-related
E) Religious

Question 14

Saint John, New Brunswick; Spirit Lake, Yukon; and Devil Island, Manitoba are all examples of which category of toponym?

A) Personal
B) Imported
C) Religious
D) Event-related
E) Optimistic/pessimistic

Question 15

Petrolia, Ontario; Uranium City, Saskatchewan; and Iron Mines, Nova Scotia are all examples of which category of toponym?

A) Imported
B) Indigenous
C) Physical features
D) Economic
E) Event-related

Question 16

Which of the following elements is a key component of location?

A) Site
B) Status
C) Situation
D) Both A and C
E) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following refers to a location in which we associate particular values or attachments?

A) Place
B) Site
C) Situation
D) Region
E) Sense of place

Question 18

Which of the following are considered places?

A) Houses
B) Homes
C) Cities
D) Communities
E) Both B and D

Question 19

Which of the following terms is defined as the feelings evoked by, or deep attachments to, specific locations such as home, that result from the experiences individuals associate with the location?

A) Place
B) Sacred place
C) Sense of place
D) Placelessness
E) Site

Question 20

Which of the following is true about sense of place?

A) It is subjective.
B) It varies from person to person.
C) It can be positive or negative.
D) It can change over time.
E) All of the above

Question 21

What is a sacred place?

A) A particular position in space
B) A location with a particular significance to an individual or a group, usually for religious reasons
C) A location that has acquired particular meaning or significance
D) The areal extent of something sacred
E) None of the above

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of a non-religious sacred space?

A) Jerusalem
B) Mecca
C) A church
D) The World Trade Center
E) Both B and D

Question 23

A part of the earth's surface that displays internal homogeneity and is relatively distinct from surrounding areas according to certain criteria is known as what?

A) Region
B) Place
C) Location
D) Site
E) Situation

Question 24

What is the process of subdividing a large area into several smaller regions called?

A) Regional classification
B) Spatial interaction
C) Regionalization
D) Cultural diffusion
E) Clustering

Question 25

Which of the following terms is defined as an area that possesses a certain degree of uniformity with respect to one or more physical or cultural traits?

A) Formal region
B) Functional region
C) Nodal region
D) Vernacular region
E) Perceptual region

Question 26

Which of the following terms is defined as an area organized around a node or focal point, and unified by specific economic, political, or social activity?

A) Formal region
B) Uniform region
C) Functional region
D) Vernacular region
E) Perceptual region

Question 27

Which of the following terms is defined as an area identified on the basis of the perceptions held by people inside or outside the region, or both?

A) Formal region
B) Uniform region
C) Functional region
D) Nodal region
E) Vernacular region

Question 28

What is the "Bible Belt" in the American South an example of?

A) Functional region
B) Vernacular region
C) Modal region
D) Formal region
E) Sacred region

Question 29

How is landscape defined?

A) The characteristics or overall appearance of a particular area or location, resulting from human modification of the natural environment
B) A part of the earth's surface that displays internal homogeneity
C) A location with particular significance to an individual or a group
D) A location that has acquired particular meaning or significance
E) The characteristics, or overall appearance, of a particular area or location, comprising a combination of natural and human influences

Question 30

Which of the following is a relative form of measuring distance?

A) Time distance
B) Cost distance
C) Psychological distance
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above

Question 31

Smoots, sheppey, double-decker buses and football fields are all examples of which of the following?

A) Relatives forms of measurement
B) Distance
C) Unconventional ways of measuring distance
D) Regions
E) Sacred places

Question 32

How is distribution defined?

A) The spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena within an area which includes density, concentration, and pattern
B) A measure of the relationship between the number of geographic phenomena
C) The process of geographic phenomena spreading over space and through time
D) Both A and C
E) All of the above

Question 33

The measure of the relationship between the number of geographic phenomena and a unit of area is the definition of which term?

A) Distribution
B) Density
C) Concentration
D) Pattern
E) Diffusion

Question 34

Which of the following terms is defined as the spread of geographic phenomena over a given area?

A) Distribution
B) Density
C) Concentration
D) Pattern
E) Diffusion

Question 35

In terms of distribution, which of the following are the two types of concentration?

A) Clustered and random
B) Random and dispersed
C) Uniform and dispersed
D) Clustered and uniform
E) Clustered and dispersed

Question 36

The process of geographic phenomena spreading over space and through time is known as which of the following?

A) Pattern
B) Concentration
C) Spatial distribution
D) Diffusion
E) Friction of distance

Question 37

What are the two broad types of cultural diffusion?

A) Contagious diffusion and relocation diffusion
B) Relocation diffusion and expansion diffusion
C) Expansion diffusion and hierarchical diffusion
D) Hierarchical diffusion and relocation diffusion
E) Hierarchical diffusion and contagious diffusion

Question 38

What is a hearth?

A) The area where a particular cultural trait originates
B) A central area
C) A rural area
D) An urban area
E) None of the above

Question 39

What is the difference between relocation diffusion and expansion diffusion?

A) Relocation diffusion is the spread of geographic phenomena from one area to another through an additive process and expansion diffusion is the spread of geographic phenomena through the physical movement from one area to another
B) Relocation diffusion spreads rapidly while expansion diffusion spreads slowly
C) Expansion diffusion is the spread of geographic phenomena from one area to another through an additive process and relocation diffusion is the spread of geographic phenomena through the physical movement from one area to another
D) Relocation diffusion expands first to key people or places and then gradually throughout the rest of the population or an area, while expansion diffusion does not
E) None of the above

Question 40

Which of the following terms is defined as the nature and extent of the relationship or linkages between locations?

A) Human geography
B) Spatial interaction
C) Friction of distance
D) Connectivity
E) Distance

Question 41

What is the "First Law of Geography"?

A) What is where, why there, why care?
B) One must understand geography to understand the world
C) In order to have an understanding of geography, we need to focus on both the physical and human
D) Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things
E) None of the above

Question 42

What is the term that explains the relationship between distance and interaction?

A) Distance decay
B) Friction of distance
C) Distribution
D) Spatial interaction
E) Connectivity

Question 43

Which of the following innovations have contributed to reducing the friction of distance today compared to the past?

A) Containerization
B) Ships
C) Internet
D) Both A and C
E) All of the above

Question 44

Geographers use the same analytical tools as other disciplines within the social sciences, but human geographers typically use which additional tool?

A) Figures
B) Maps
C) Geomatics technologies
D) Graphs
E) Both B and C

Question 45

Which of the following describes the art and science of making maps?

A) Cartography
B) Projection
C) Geographic information science
D) Cartogram
E) Fieldwork

Question 46

What is key for any map reader or map maker?

A) To read with a critical eye
B) To ask questions about the author's objectives
C) To ask questions about the author's message
D) To check the source material
E) All of the above

Question 47

Which of the following is the 0 degree latitude line?

A) Greenwich, UK
B) Kelowna, BC
C) The equator
D) Tropic of Cancer
E) Tropic of Capricorn

Question 48

What is the 0 degree longitude line?

A) Greenwich, UK
B) International Date Line
C) The equator
D) The north pole
E) The south pole

Question 49

Which of the following is the proper notation of latitude and longitude?

A) Minutes, degrees, seconds
B) Minutes, seconds, degrees
C) Seconds, minutes, degrees
D) Degrees, minutes, seconds
E) Seconds, degrees, minutes

Question 50

Which of the following terms is defined as a region of the earth that observes a uniform standard time?

A) Place
B) Space
C) Site
D) Region
E) Time zone

Question 51

Approximately how many time zones exist?

A) 0-20
B) 21-40
C) 41-60
D) 61-80
E) 81-100

Question 52

Which of the following countries should have five time zones but only has one?

A) Canada
B) Russia
C) China
D) United States
E) Australia

Question 53

What is Daylight Savings Time (DST)?

A) The practice of shifting clocks forward one hour in the spring and summer to gain daylight early in the morning
B) The practice of shifting clocks back one hour in the spring and summer to gain daylight late in the evening
C) The practice of shifting clocks forward one hour in the fall and winter to gain daylight early in the morning
D) The practice of shifting clocks forward one hour in the fall and winter to gain daylight late in the evening
E) The practice of shifting clocks forward one hour in the spring and fall to gain daylight early in the morning

Question 54

Daylight Savings Time (DST) is mostly practised in which of the following regions?

A) North America and South America
B) North America and Western Europe
C) North American and Southern Europe
D) North America and Central Asia
E) North America and Southeast Asia

Question 55

Which of the following is a key way to depict the map scale?

A) Ratio
B) Graphical
C) Textual
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above

Question 56

Which of the following is the largest-scale map?

A) 1:100,000
B) 1:10,000
C) 1:1000
D) 1:100
E) 1:10

Question 57

A process to transform the spherical earth's surface onto a two-dimensional map; a process to transfer locations from the earth's surface onto a flat map is called what?

A) Cartography
B) Mapping
C) Projection
D) Map scale
E) Geographic Information System

Question 58

In what way is reality distorted on a map?

A) Area
B) Distance
C) Shape
D) Direction
E) All of the above

Question 59

At what map scale is distortion the largest?

A) Local
B) National
C) Regional
D) Continental
E) Global

Question 60

In 1988, the National Geographic Society in the US abandoned the Mercator projection and adopted the Robinson projection for which reason?

A) It more accurately depicts distance
B) It more accurately depicts shape
C) It more accurately depicts size
D) It more accurately depicts direction
E) Both B and C

Question 61

Which of the following map projections is used by Google Maps because of its precisely accurate direction?

A) Robinson projection
B) Gall-Peters projection
C) Mercator projection
D) Albers projection
E) Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection

Question 62

Which of the following is TRUE about the Mercator projection?

A) Countries closer to the poles appear much larger on the map than they should be.
B) Countries near the equator appear much smaller on the map than they should be.
C) It is one of the most widely used projections.
D) It was known as the world map for a long time.
E) All of the above

Question 63

Which of the following map projections preserves size but distorts shape, making countries closer to the poles look stretched?

A) Robinson projection
B) Gall-Peters projection
C) Mercator projection
D) Albers projection
E) Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection

Question 64

How is a reference map defined?

A) An analytical tool to illustrate and emphasize the spatial variation of a particular theme or attribute
B) A map where dots or scale-adjusted symbols represent geographic phenomena
C) A map using colour or shading to indicated intensity of geographic phenomena
D) A map portraying the absolute locations of places and geographic phenomena using a standard frame of reference
E) A map using lines to connect locations of equal value with respect to a geographic phenomena

Question 65

Which of the following thematic maps best depicts the locations of towns and cities, cases of illness or disease, or population distributions?

A) Dot map
B) Line map
C) Choropleth map
D) Isopleth map
E) Colour map

Question 66

Which of the following terms is defined as a thematic map using colour or shading to indicate intensity of geographic phenomena in a given area?

A) Dot map
B) Cartogram
C) Choropleth map
D) Isopleth map
E) Cartography

Question 67

In which of the following thematic maps are the size and shape of spatial areas intentionally distorted by the relative magnitude of the geographic phenomena?

A) Dot map
B) Line map
C) Choropleth map
D) Isopleth map
E) Cartogram

Question 68

What does geomatics include?

A) Remote sensing
B) Computer-assisted cartography
C) Global positioning systems
D) Geographic information systems
E) All of the above

Question 69

Which of the following terms is described as a series of techniques used for collecting spatial data through instruments that are physically distant from the object of study?

A) Global positioning systems
B) Remote sensing
C) Computer-assisted cartography
D) Geographic information systems
E) Fieldwork

Question 70

What was the principal sensor for capturing information about the planet until the 1960s?

A) Telescopes
B) Drones
C) Video cameras
D) Cameras
E) Earth-orbital satellites

Question 71

In which decade did global positioning system (GPS) emerge?

A) 1970s
B) 1980s
C) 1990s
D) 2000s
E) 2010s

Question 72

A system of computer hardware and software that facilitates the collection, storage, analysis, and display of spatially referenced data through layered maps is the definition of which term?

A) Geographic information systems
B) Geographic information sciences
C) Geographic positioning systems
D) Geographic positioning sciences
E) Cartography

Question 73

What does it mean to be geographically aware?

A) To memorize the capital of obscure countries
B) To memorize obscure places within more centrally important countries
C) To know the key commodity exports of particular countries
D) To understand people, places, and the interactions between them
E) All of the above

Question 74

How can we become more geographically aware?

A) Read about the world.
B) Think about the spatial connections between places.
C) Pay attention to place locations.
D) Both A and B
E) All of the above

Question 75

Which of the following terms is defined as a means of collecting information outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting?

A) Geographic information systems
B) Fieldwork
C) Global positioning system
D) Remote sensing
E) Computer-assisted cartography

Question 76

Being geographically aware profoundly changes the way we perceive and experience the world around us.

Question 77

The political map of the world of 2019 is much the same as it was in 1900.

Question 78

The word geography is derived from the Greek words geo, meaning "the earth," and graphie, meaning "to write about" or "describe."

Question 79

Absolute space is defined as the amount of space that can objectively be measured with definable boundaries, and remains stable over time, while relative space is subjective and based on a person's perception of the space.

Question 80

Our mental maps of unfamiliar places are often similar to reality.