Deck 9: Net Widening and Social Control

Question 1

What was the goal of the Scared Straight program?

A) to rehabilitate juveniles
B) to incapacitate juveniles
C) to deter juveniles
D) to institutionalize juveniles

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which term refers to the increase in the number of people having contact with the criminal justice system as the unintentional result of a new practice?

A) net widening
B) human capital
C) asset forfeiture
D) diversion

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which type of nets are created by reforms that increase the proportion of subgroups in society differentiated by factors such as age, sex, class, and ethnicity?

A) stronger nets
B) wide nets
C) new nets
D) narrow nets

Answer 3

B

Question 4

______ are the result of reforms that increase the state's capacity to control individuals through intensifying state interventions.

A) Narrow nets
B) Wide nets
C) Stronger nets
D) New nets

Question 5

Nets that are created by reforms that transfer intervention authority or jurisdiction from one agency or control system to another are referred to as ______.

A) stronger nets
B) narrow nets
C) wide nets
D) new nets

Question 6

Diversion programs have been widely implemented for offenders, such as those who ______.

A) are serving long-term sentences
B) have mental health disorders
C) are waived from juvenile to adult court
D) have recidivated more than once

Question 7

Which of the following individuals is more likely to be diverted away from conviction and incarceration?

A) a murderer
B) a juvenile delinquent
C) a parolee
D) a third striker

Question 8

Formalizing criminal justice practices that used to be informal is an example of how diversion programs ______.

A) weakened the nets
B) strengthened the nets
C) narrowed the nets
D) eliminated the nets

Question 9

______ capital consists of skills such as reading, writing, critical thinking, engineering a software, and so on.

A) Social
B) Human
C) Financial
D) Physical

Question 10

According to the text, ______ are crucial in acquiring human capital.

A) education and training
B) family and friends
C) religion and culture
D) politics and the economy

Question 11

Which type of policing, identified in the chapter, describes a type of policing that targets highly visible crimes?

A) inconvenience
B) quality-of-life
C) predictive
D) problem-oriented

Question 12

Which of the following sets of theories best aligns with quality-of-life policing?

A) differential association theory and social learning theory
B) routine activities theory and anomie theory
C) broken windows theory and deterrence theory
D) general strain theory and social bond theory

Question 13

Which theory purports that physical decay, such as loitering and beat-up cars, can lead to disorder and the decline of the livability of a city?

A) broken windows theory
B) social learning theory
C) social disorganization theory
D) routine activities theory

Question 14

Which theory argues that people seek to satisfy their own desires regardless of the costs and pain they may cause for others?

A) differential association theory
B) broken windows theory
C) deterrence theory
D) social disorganization theory

Question 15

In a study on marijuana possession and use in New York City, participants reported using differences spaces, referred to as "The Cut." Which of the following is an example of one of those spaces?

A) bathrooms
B) rooftops
C) kitchens
D) bedrooms

Question 16

Which of the following allows police to seize property of a person if they believe that the property was used in the commission of a crime and was purchased with money obtained through criminal behavior?

A) search warrant
B) production order
C) civil asset forfeiture
D) stop and frisk

Question 17

Which of the following statements pertaining to civil asset forfeiture is true?

A) The person has to carry the legal costs of any appeals to have property returned.
B) The person has to have been convicted of a crime.
C) The person has to have been charged by a prosecutor.
D) The person has to give law enforcement permission to take the items.

Question 18

Who is more likely to be targeted by asset forfeiture and/or asset recovery?

A) shoplifters
B) money launderers
C) pickpockets
D) burglars

Question 19

Which of the following was identified as a goal of asset forfeiture?

A) rehabilitation
B) incapacitation
C) retribution
D) restoration

Question 20

Asset forfeiture provides funds that are necessary for ______.

A) incapacitation
B) restoration
C) deterrence
D) restitution

Question 21

Asset forfeiture allows the government to seize property at which stage of the criminal justice process?

A) prior to a conviction
B) after release
C) at sentencing
D) during imprisonment

Question 22

Forfeiture is carried out by the government, thus removing the burden from who?

A) victim
B) prosecutor
C) offender
D) judge

Question 23

In Timbs v. Indiana (2019), the U.S. Supreme Court challenged the legality of civil asset forfeiture from offenders who were arrested for which of the following crimes?

A) corporate fraud
B) embezzlement
C) drug dealing
D) money laundering

Question 24

The term human capital is often used in the context of diversion programs such as drug courts.

Question 25

The intention of diversion programs is to divert offenders away from conviction and incarceration.

Question 26

Incarcerating low-level offenders is costly and wastes human capital.

Question 27

According to broken windows theory, the most effective way to prevent crime is to deter people's behavior with punishments that are swift, certain, and proportionate to the crime.

Question 28

"The Cut" refers to spaces (in-between, indoor-outdoor, and controlled public spaces) where participants of Elliott et al.'s study smoked marijuana.

Question 29

Deterrence theory argues that residents avoid places with obvious signs of disorder because it instills a sense of fear of crime.

Question 30

One of the goals of asset forfeiture is to punish offenders by depriving them of the fruit of their crime.

Question 31

Property that can be seized in a civil asset forfeiture includes money, cars, and houses.

Question 32

Discuss the goals of diversion programs.

Question 33

Explain how group stigma negatively effects community policing.

Question 34

Identify and discuss the theories that guide quality-of-life policing.

Question 35

What are the goals of the asset forfeiture program?

Question 36

Discuss the Black Asphalt Electronic Networking and Notification System. Are there any concerns with using the system?