Deck 7: Community Policing and Militarism

Question 1

The first Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team was developed in the 1960s in which city?

A) Chicago
B) New York
C) Miami
D) Los Angeles

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The militarization of police is more pronounced in communities that are considered to be primarily ______.

A) White and Asian
B) Asian and Brown
C) Brown and Black
D) Black and White

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The history of police militarization can be traced back to which movement?

A) Civil Rights
B) Occupy Wall Street
C) Women's Liberation
D) Black Lives Matter

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following stated that drugs are a threat to national security because drug monies subsidize terrorist organizations?

A) Posse Comitatus Act
B) National Security Decision Directive 221
C) Anti-Drug Abuse Act
D) Military Cooperation with Law Enforcement Act

Question 5

The growing militarization of police is directly related to ______.

A) the decriminalization of marijuana
B) policies that are "tough on crime"
C) the legalization of certain drugs
D) the deinstitutionalization of mentally ill offenders

Question 6

Which of the following federal departments poured money into law enforcement agencies, allowing them to purchase military equipment to combat terrorism after 9/11?

A) Department of Defense
B) Department of State
C) Department of Justice
D) Department of Homeland Security

Question 7

One of the areas in which the SWAT response has changed entirely is with regard to calls for service for ______.

A) drug possession
B) suicides
C) domestic violence disputes
D) armed robberies

Question 8

The purpose of the Department of Defense (DOD) Excess Property Program is to "enhance the ______ of domestic law enforcement agencies through direct or material support."

A) effectiveness
B) lawfulness
C) legitimacy
D) authority

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an uncontrolled item?

A) weapons
B) machine paper
C) aircrafts
D) vehicles

Question 10

Which of the following statements pertaining to SWAT teams is true? SWAT teams ______.

A) look more like military units rather than police officers
B) use knock-and-announce tactics when conducting raids
C) positively impact the relationship between community members and the police
D) use the same types of weapons that patrol officers use

Question 11

Military officers are more likely to start a mission during what time of the day?

A) early morning
B) late afternoon
C) evening
D) middle of the night

Question 12

Which type of weapon is more likely to be used by a military officer than a police officer?

A) Taser
B) flash grenade
C) firearm
D) baton

Question 13

A military officer is more likely to use which of the following tactics to accomplish their mission?

A) use of force
B) diplomacy
C) interpersonal skills
D) community partnerships

Question 14

Johnson (2005) found that officers with blue, lighter color uniforms were perceived as ______.

A) cold
B) unfriendly
C) passive
D) corrupt

Question 15

According to the research, the use of ______ uniforms creates more aggression and exacerbates the level of conflict between police and residents.

A) parade dress
B) battle dress
C) operational
D) duty

Question 16

The story of Henry Magee and his pregnant girlfriend illustrates the volatile situations that can be created due to ______.

A) the use of black battle dress uniforms and no-knock warrants
B) nonstress and stress training in the police academy
C) maladaptive coping strategies
D) the false reporting of emergencies to police

Question 17

Police officers who stress train are more likely to perceive which individuals as outsiders?

A) themselves
B) peers
C) superiors
D) community members

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a maladaptive coping strategy?

A) collaborative behavior
B) relationship building
C) trust of outsiders
D) aggressive attitudes

Question 19

One of the benefits of nonstress training is ______.

A) ability to follow orders
B) self-confidence
C) higher field performance
D) command presence

Question 20

Which of the following is considered to be a benefit of the militaristic stress environment?

A) higher job satisfaction
B) self-discipline
C) ability to identify and solve problems
D) working collaboratively with coworkers and community partners

Question 21

Which term is used to describe the orientation of military style training in police academies?

A) warrior
B) diplomat
C) negotiator
D) peacemaker

Question 22

The stress training and "warrior-like" orientation used in police academies creates which type of mindset?

A) productive
B) us-versus-them
C) community
D) inefficient

Question 23

Police and military organizations are similar in which of the following ways?

A) They both have a nonhierarchical structure.
B) The decision-making power is concentrated at the bottom.
C) They both require their officers to communicate and interact with citizens.
D) The behavior of officers is closely regulated and monitored.

Question 24

During Hurricane Katrina, military excess equipment was used for which of the following purposes?

A) counterdrug operations
B) active shooter or hostage situations
C) border security
D) rescue and search operations

Question 25

Which of the following was reported by federal agencies as a benefit of the LESO program?

A) obtaining critical items without committing additional government funds
B) ability to order equipment that they would not have been able to purchase otherwise
C) enhanced law enforcement activities
D) improved ability to react to active shooter situations

Question 26

The false reporting of emergencies to police in order to get a SWAT team sent to an address is known as swatting.

Question 27

SWAT team raids increase fear of police.

Question 28

SWAT teams often conduct their raids when most people are at work.

Question 29

The militarization of police threatens the goals of community policing.

Question 30

All officers, despite the color of their uniforms, are perceived as being passive.

Question 31

The color of uniforms can have an impact on how police are perceived by community members.

Question 32

Officers who stress train identify more with their peers than they do with community members.

Question 33

Research shows that officers who complete stress training showed higher levels of field performance and job satisfaction.

Question 34

The majority of the items purchased by police departments fall into the category of "controlled items."

Question 35

All police buy military surplus items such as armored vehicles, assault rifles, sleeping bags, and so on.

Question 36

Explain how the growing militarization of police is directly related to tough on crime and tough on drugs policy.

Question 37

Explain how the use of SWAT teams, military dress patterns, and military style training negatively impacts the relationship between key community members and police.

Question 38

What are some of the arguments in favor of black dress uniforms?

Question 39

Explain how the military style of training can impair police officers' relationships with the community.

Question 40

Discuss the benefits of the Law Enforcement Support Office (LESO) program for both federal and state agencies.