Deck 6: Community Policing and Hate Crime

Question 1

The main concept in the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) definition of "hate" is ______ toward something or somebody.

A) irritation
B) rage
C) bias
D) anger

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a hate incident?

A) vandalism
B) name-calling
C) assault
D) murder

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following statements pertaining to hate crimes is true? Hate crimes ______.

A) aim to destruct something or cause injuries to a person
B) do not involve criminal acts
C) are typically nonviolent
D) include name-calling

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following statements pertaining to hate incidents is true? Hate incidents ______.

A) can include crimes such as murder and vandalism
B) do not involve a criminal act
C) are investigated as crimes
D) are well documented across the United States

Question 5

The statement: "It is an incitement to hatred primarily against a group of persons defined in terms of race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, religion, sexual orientation, and so on." best aligns with which concept?

A) bias crime
B) hate incident
C) bullying
D) hate speech

Question 6

Which two agencies collect hate crime data at the federal level?

A) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)
B) Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
C) Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
D) National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Question 7

The Bureau of Justice Statistics receives its data from which source?

A) Uniform Crime Report
B) National Incident-Based Reporting System
C) National Crime Victimization Survey
D) American Terrorism Study

Question 8

According to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) data from 2011 to 2015, the most commonly reported hate crime was ______.

A) rape
B) theft
C) simple assault
D) robbery

Question 9

Survey data report that the most common location where hate crimes occur is _______.

A) the victim's home
B) a parking lot or public place
C) a school
D) commercial places

Question 10

Which of the following was identified in the text as the most common reason why victims do not report hate crimes?

A) The incident was not considered important enough.
B) The incident was handled another way.
C) The victims believed that the police would not help.
D) The victims believed that the police could not do anything.

Question 11

Which hate crime indicator has survey data shown to be the primary evidence that a hate crime has occurred?

A) presence of hate symbols
B) police confirmed that it was a hate crime
C) evidence that a hate group was involved
D) hate language used by the offender

Question 12

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reported that in 2017, the most common bias categories for hate crimes were _____.

A) disability
B) religion
C) race/ethnicity
D) sexual orientation

Question 13

Which federal hate crime law is considered to be the most comprehensive?

A) Violent Interference with Federally Protected Rights Statute
B) Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crime Prevention Act
C) Criminal Interference with Right to Fair Housing Statute
D) Damage to Religious Property, Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996

Question 14

Which of the following statements pertaining to state hate crime laws is true?

A) State statutes include all of the same protected groups.
B) There are greater criminal and civil penalties under state statutes than federal laws.
C) Statutes vary on the range of crimes covered.
D) There is uniformity in the training requirement for law enforcement officers across all states.

Question 15

Oregon's Hate Crimes Act of 1981 mainly focused on crimes that were motivated by ______ bias.

A) racial
B) gender
C) religious
D) anti-LGBTQ

Question 16

The majority of the states and territories in the United States fall under which of the following categories?

A) states and territories with hate crime laws that do not require data collection of hate crimes
B) states and territories with hate crime laws that require data collection of hate crimes
C) states and territories without hate crime laws that still recommend data collection of hate crimes
D) states and territories without hate crime laws

Question 17

Almost all of the states that have passed penalty-enhancement laws provide for enhanced penalties if the victim was targeted because of their ______.

A) race, gender, or disability
B) race, ethnicity, or gender
C) race, religion, or ethnicity
D) race, sexual orientation, or national origin

Question 18

Research suggests that jurors are more likely to use which of the following in their decision making?

A) witness statements
B) their past experiences and background
C) evidence that they have seen or heard
D) verdict deliberations

Question 19

According to the authors, the issue of making inferences about motive is problematic in cases where the defendant invokes which of the following rights?

A) First Amendment right to freedom of speech
B) Sixth Amendment right to counsel
C) Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable search and seizure
D) Fifth Amendment right to be silent

Question 20

If a prosecutor wanted to prove that a defendant committed a hate crime, which burden of proof standard would they be required to use?

A) preponderance of the evidence
B) beyond a reasonable doubt
C) probable cause
D) reasonable suspicion

Question 21

The cause or moving power which impels action to achieve that result is referred to as _____.

A) unconscious bias
B) motive
C) predisposition
D) intent

Question 22

The purpose to use a particular means to achieve some definite result is referred to as ______.

A) intent
B) unconscious bias
C) motive
D) predisposition

Question 23

Critics who argue against hate crime legislation generally cite _____ as the main problem of hate crime legislation.

A) inability to obtain convictions under hate crime statutes
B) proving the motive of the offender
C) lack of evidence at the crime scene
D) high requirements for prosecutors to establish a hate crime

Question 24

According to the authors, the main argument for hate crime legislation is that ______.

A) these laws are imperative to enforce the rights of all citizens
B) laws such as these deter people from harming others out of bias
C) this type of violence must be condemned by providing for harsher penalties
D) legislation allows for the investigation and prosecution of low-level crimes

Question 25

Hate crimes are laws that provide prosecutors with enhanced penalties for crimes committed out of prejudice.

Question 26

Both hate crimes and hate incidents are violent in nature.

Question 27

Hate crimes are greatly underreported in the United States.

Question 28

Comparing data across all states is simple due to the uniformity of hate crime statutes.

Question 29

According to the Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism at California State University, San Bernardino, hate crimes have increased significantly in the past 4 years.

Question 30

If a person is convicted of assault, their sentence can be enhanced if the assault is a hate crime.

Question 31

Penalty-enhancement laws mainly protect institutions, such as churches, religious schools, houses of worship, and cemeteries from destruction or damage.

Question 32

The willingness of police and prosecutors to pursue hate crimes and punish offenders is very important for police-community relations.

Question 33

The partnership between the community and the police depends solely on the coordination of hate crime law enforcement and victim services.

Question 34

One of the main issues when responding to hate crime incidents is the possible escalation of hate crimes.

Question 35

Explain the differences between hate crimes and hate incidents.

Question 36

Explain why it's difficult to determine the true extent of hate crimes in relation to college populations.

Question 37

How do the trends of hate crimes compare to those of general crimes?

Question 38

Discuss the purpose of hate crime laws. Do proponents and critics believe that hate crime legislation can accomplish its goals?

Question 39

Why is community policing considered particularly important when responding to hate crime incidents?