Deck 1: Mental Health, Mental Illness, and Historical Perspectives

Question 1

The World Health Organization's definition of mental health includes all of the following, except:

A) realizing one's abilities.
B) working productively and fruitfully.
C) the ability to make contributions in one's community.
D) getting distressed with common stressors.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The model of mental health in which mental health is at one end and mental illness is at the other end is known as:

A) continuum model.
B) Jahoda's model.
C) Tengland's model.
D) illness-health model.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

All of the following are criteria in Jahoda's model of mental health, except:

A) being realistic.
B) self-acceptance.
C) dependence on environment.
D) investment in living.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In Jahoda's model of mental health, environmental mastery includes all of the following, except:

A) demonstrating ability to love.
B) showing adequacy in work, love, and play.
C) having no need for relationships.
D) being efficient in meeting situational necessities.

Question 5

All of the following are criteria in Tengland's model of mental health, except:

A) the ability to have a high degree of correct memory.
B) exhibiting firm stances on positions.
C) the ability to correctly perceive various stimuli.
D) exhibiting a high degree of rationality.

Question 6

Mental health education deals with __________ modifying health behaviors that are conducive to helping a person be in harmony with his or her environment.

A) simply
B) voluntarily
C) categorically
D) forcefully

Question 7

All of the following are behaviors that are addressed in mental health education, except:

A) stress management behaviors.
B) healthy physical activity and exercise behaviors.
C) safer sex behaviors.
D) relaxation and adequate sleep behaviors.

Question 8

Mental health promotion works in all of the following ways, except:

A) by strengthening individuals, such as by building healthy skills.
B) by reducing opportunities.
C) by strengthening communities by improving participation, environments, building mental health services, and so on.
D) by reducing structural barriers to health, such as by addressing discrimination and inequalities.

Question 9

Primitive tribes drilled holes in the skull to let the evil spirits out, a technique called:

A) drilling.
B) trephining.
C) holing.
D) sculling.

Question 10

In the tridosha theory of disease in Ayurveda, the three doshas, or humors, are:

A) ahankara (ego), ichha (desire, will), and buddhi (intellect).
B) vata (wind), pitta (gall), and kapha (mucus).
C) sattva (truth, goodness), rajas (activity), and tamas (inertia).
D) Yama (rules for living in society), Niyama (self-restraining rules), and Asaana (low physical impact postures).

Question 11

In yoga, detachment of the mind from the senses is known as:

A) Pranayama.
B) Dhyana.
C) Pratihara.
D) Samadhi.

Question 12

All of the following are phases generated by yang and yin, except:

A) water.
B) fire.
C) earth.
D) sun.

Question 13

All of the following are humors in Greek medicine, except:

A) blood.
B) phlegm.
C) black bile.
D) white bile.

Question 14

The Roman physician who differentiated between different types of insanity, such as those that are sad, those that are hilarious, and those that are violent and rebellious, was:

A) Augustus.
B) Vespasian.
C) Hadrian.
D) Celsius.

Question 15

During the Dark Ages, the Arabs, borrowing from the Greeks and Romans, developed their own medical system, known as:

A) the Unani system.
B) Ayurveda.
C) the Siddha system.
D) acupuncture.

Question 16

The French mathematician and philosopher who dichotomized the mind and the body was:

A) Paracelsus.
B) René Descartes.
C) Cotton Mather.
D) Avicenna.

Question 17

Benjamin Rush suggested that the mentally ill could be cured by holding rods filled with iron filings in water.

Question 18

Frank Mesmer wrote the book Medical Inquires and Observations upon the Diseases of the Mind, which is considered to be the first textbook of psychiatry in America.

Question 19

Philippe Pinel challenged the traditional wisdom of keeping the mentally ill restrained when he removed the chains from patients at the Asylum de Bicetre in Paris.

Question 20

Jean-Martin Charcot was a French neurologist and professor of anatomic pathology nicknamed "the Napoleon of the neuroses."

Question 21

Clifford Beers is credited with the creation of the first generation of American mental asylums.

Question 22

Dorothea Lynde Dix was the author of A Mind That Found Itself.

Question 23

Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology.

Question 24

Alois Alzheimer classified hundreds of mental disorders.

Question 25

Emil Kraepelin, a Portuguese neurologist, first introduced the psychosurgical technique of lobotomy.

Question 26

Ugo Cerletti, an Italian psychiatrist, first tested electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on human patients.

Question 27

The first traditional antipsychotic drug, chlorpromazine, was introduced in 1972 to treat patients with schizophrenia and other major mental disorders.

Question 28

Managed care refers to a system of financing and providing health care that seeks to cut costs and improve the quality of care.

Question 29

Deinstitutionalization, the process of replacing long-stay psychiatric hospitals with less isolated community mental health service for those diagnosed with mental disorder or developmental disability, first began in the 1920s.

Question 30

Describe Jahoda's model of mental health.

Question 31

Identify the key criteria of Tengland's model of mental health.

Question 32

What are the constituents of mental health education?

Question 33

Differentiate between mental health education and mental health promotion.

Question 34

Discuss the contributions of the ancient civilization of India to mental health.

Question 35

Describe the contributions of Emil Kraepelin and Sigmund Freud in the field of mental health.

Question 36

Differentiate between psychosurgery and electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 37

The following phrases describe various terms in mental health. Match the description with the term.
-An approach to understanding mental disorders in terms of the biological functions of the nervous system

A) Biological psychiatry
B) Continuum model
C) Deinstitutionalization
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 38

The following phrases describe various terms in mental health. Match the description with the term.
-A conceptualization of mental health and mental illness in which mental health is on one end and mental illness is on the other end

A) Biological psychiatry
B) Continuum model
C) Deinstitutionalization
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 39

The following phrases describe various terms in mental health. Match the description with the term.
-The process of replacing long-stay psychiatric hospitals with less isolated community mental health service for those diagnosed with mental disorders or developmental disabilities

A) Biological psychiatry
B) Continuum model
C) Deinstitutionalization
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 40

The following phrases describe various terms in mental health. Match the description with the term.
-A controversial psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in anesthetized patients for therapeutic effect

A) Biological psychiatry
B) Continuum model
C) Deinstitutionalization
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 41

The following phrases describe various contributions by mental health leaders. Match the description with the personality.
-A German psychiatrist who classified mental disorders and advocated that the origins of mental illnesses were rooted in biology and genetics

A) Emil Kraepelin
B) Frank Mesmer
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix
D) Jean-Martin Charcot

Question 42

The following phrases describe various contributions by mental health leaders. Match the description with the personality.
-An Austrian physician who postulated that mental illnesses were due to misdistribution or deficiency of magnetism and suggested that the mentally ill could be cured by holding rods filled with iron filings in water

A) Emil Kraepelin
B) Frank Mesmer
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix
D) Jean-Martin Charcot

Question 43

The following phrases describe various contributions by mental health leaders. Match the description with the personality.
-An American activist who is credited with the creation of the first generation of American mental asylums

A) Emil Kraepelin
B) Frank Mesmer
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix
D) Jean-Martin Charcot

Question 44

The following phrases describe various contributions by mental health leaders. Match the description with the personality.
-A French neurologist who is nicknamed "the Napoleon of the neuroses"

A) Emil Kraepelin
B) Frank Mesmer
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix
D) Jean-Martin Charcot