Deck 3: Hinduism

Question 1

What does the following Key Term mean:
-arati

Answer 1

Honoring a deity with an offering of light.

Question 2

What does the following Key Term mean:
-atman

Answer 2

Soul or self.

Question 3

What does the following Key Term mean:
-bhakti

Answer 3

Devotion to a particular deity.

Question 4

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Bhagavad Gita

Question 5

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Brahman

Question 6

What does the following Key Term mean:
-brahmin

Question 7

What does the following Key Term mean:
-dharma

Question 8

What does the following Key Term mean:
-karma

Question 9

What does the following Key Term mean:
-moksha

Question 10

What does the following Key Term mean:
-samsara

Question 11

What does the following Key Term mean:
-sati

Question 12

What does the following Key Term mean:
-trimurti

Question 13

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Upanishads

Question 14

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Vedas

Question 15

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Hinduism is

A) a family of traditions with some important characteristics in common
B) a monolithic religion
C) only practiced in India
D) a religion that began in the first centuries of the Common Era

Question 16

Which of these describes the all-pervading Spirit known by many Hindus as Brahman?

A) the god of heaven
B) the material dimension
C) both one and many
D) the individual soul

Question 17

Hindus seek liberation from _________, one's repeating cycle of death and rebirth.

A) trimurti
B) atman
C) dharma
D) samsara

Question 18

Which of these describes atman?

A) a way of being in the world
B) one's eternal soul or self
C) the ritual of death
D) the karma each person takes on

Question 19

_________ determines whaorm an individual's reincarnation will take.

A) Dharma
B) Karma
C) Samsara
D) Samadhi

Question 20

The repeating pattern of rebirth-death-rebirth continues because humans are ignorant of the true nature of _________.

A) reality
B) god
C) moksha
D) trimurti

Question 21

The essential realization that leads to moksha is

A) one's dharma
B) one's karma determines an individual's destiny
C) when there is a proper relationship between god and atman
D) the oneness of God and nature

Question 22

Which of these is one of the four goals of life described in the textbook?

A) kama
B) dharma
C) artha
D) samsara

Question 23

What is the most common form of worship in Hinduism?

A) Vaishnavism
B) bhakti, devotion to a particular deity
C) karma, pleasure of several kinds, including sensory, sexual, and aesthetic
D) artha, accumulation of material wealth and worldly success

Question 24

Which of these best describes the Hindu practice of arti?

A) sand painting
B) honoring the deity with an offering of light from a flame
C) honoring the deity by making a sacrifice
D) a festival celebrating a particular god or goddess

Question 25

Hindu philosophies presuppose the authority of what texts?

A) the Upanishads
B) the Ramayana
C) the mokshas
D) the Vedas

Question 26

The ________ school of Hindu philosophy accepts the philosophical outlook of Samkhya regarding spirit, matter, and liberation but goes further in emphasizing meditative and physical techniques for binding the spirit to Brahman and thus achieving moksha.

A) Yoga
B) Samkhya
C) Vedanta
D) Shankara

Question 27

The ________ school of Hindu philosophy sees the world as dualistic-that is, consisting of two kinds of stuff or essences: spirit and matter.

A) Samkhya
B) Yoga
C) Shankara
D) Vedanta

Question 28

In what language were Hindu scriptures written?

A) Arabic
B) Sanskrit
C) Hindi
D) Aramaic

Question 29

Aryan culture was separated into four ________; this was the precursor to the hereditary caste system in Hindu society.

A) ramas
B) vedas
C) varnas
D) yogas

Question 30

The Vedas are said to be _________, which means "that which was heard" as opposed to "that which is remembered," or smriti.

A) shruti
B) trimurti
C) bhakti
D) sakti

Question 31

The Laws of Manu contain which of these?

A) the philosophic writings of Manu
B) the only treatise on the Vedas
C) legal and moral treatises
D) the Hindu creation myth

Question 32

Who was Arjuna's charioteer in the battle at Kurukshetra, recounted in the Bhagavad Gita?

A) Veda
B) Vishnu
C) Krishna
D) Kali

Question 33

In the Bhagavad Gita, Arjuna's charioteer advises him to join the battle without a desire for the results of the action, for it is Arjuna's _________ as a warrior to fight.

A) dharma
B) karma
C) moksha
D) samsara

Question 34

The idea of karma-marga is that only actions done without regard to rewards, punishments, praise, or blame can lead to _________ and union with God.

A) dharma
B) samsara
C) moksha
D) bhakti

Question 35

In the Ramayana, who rescues Sita from Ravana, the king of the demons?

A) Rama
B) Hanuman
C) Ganesh
D) Shiva

Question 36

Through myths and legends expressed in poetic verse, the _________ praise the divine powers and miraculous exploits of a pantheon of gods and goddesses.

A) Yoga Sutras
B) Bhagavad Gita
C) Vedas
D) Puranas

Question 37

Which Hindu god is described as destructive and creative, menacing and benign, sensual and ascetic, male and female, solitary and familial?

A) Shiva
B) Devi
C) Vishnu
D) Hanuman

Question 38

What is the practice of Sati?

A) self-immolation of a widow on her husband's funeral pyre
B) the devotional practices of Vaishnavas
C) ritual cleansing of the home by a local Brahmin priest
D) the arrangement of marriage

Question 39

What term do Hindus use for the manifestation of fundamental roles of God through three major deities: Brahma, Shiva, and Vishnu?

A) trinity
B) the three great gods
C) trimurti
D) tribhakti

Question 40

The aim of ________ is to eliminate the control that material nature exerts over the human spirit through introspective practice.

A) karma
B) bhakti
C) yoga
D) dharma

Question 41

Which one of these is not named in the Yoga Sutra as one of the turnings of thought, whether corrupted or immune to the forces of corruption?

A) conceptualization
B) sleep
C) rationality
D) memory

Question 42

What are rituals performed in the home called?

A) puja
B) bhakti
C) loti
D) yogi

Question 43

What is the name for lines of poetry by the ninth-century poet Antal, a woman Hindu mystic with a gifor capturing in verse her experiences of the divine?

A) sacred knowledge
B) secret sorrows
C) secret garden
D) secret garland

Question 44

What is the Om, or Aum?

A) The most sacred syllable, a sound said to contain all mantras, all the Vedas, and all essences
B) A word that identifies a yogi as Hindu
C) The sacred syllable taught in the Vedas that will recall sacred time during the performance of ritual
D) A word that, when chanted during Yoga practice, sets an intention for the chanter

Question 45

Which text includes instructions on how to correctly conduct the ritual of cremation so the deceased can journey to his or her ancestors?

A) Upanishads
B) Puranas
C) Rig-Veda
D) The Yoga Sutra

Question 46

The popular Hindu rite of _________ is seeing, and being seen by, a deity or holy person.

A) bhakti
B) puja
C) darsan
D) murti

Question 47

Uma Bharati is a member of the BJP Party and works for the "welfare of the world," which has meant working with ________ and women in her native village.

A) nobles and priests
B) nonprofit organizations
C) brahmin
D) outcastes

Question 48

The excerpt on untouchability by Mahatma Gandhi identifies the meaning of harijan as which of these?

A) a man of God
B) a woman of God
C) the children of God
D) a twice-born man

Question 49

Who is depicted as a great battle queen and demon slayer with many arms, each of which wields a weapon?

A) Sati
B) Durga
C) Pri'ti
D) Kali

Question 50

Which of these is not a place where darsan may be had?

A) tirthas
B) dhams
C) murtis
D) pithas

Question 51

Who created the Hindu school of philosophy called Advaita Vedanta?

A) Shankara
B) Krishna
C) Shiva
D) Gandhi

Question 52

Which group of Hindu texts are thought to be evocative meditations on great truths?

A) Vedantas
B) Upanishads
C) Puranas
D) Sutras

Question 53

Who is the god of fire featured in the Vedas?

A) Krishna
B) Shiva
C) Indra
D) Agni

Question 54

________ is the king of the gods, a great warrior who destroys his enemies with his powerful thunderbolts.

A) Krishna
B) Shiva
C) Indra
D) Agni

Question 55

For the Hindu sage Patanjali, physical control is only a ________ of inner spiritual perfection.

A) precondition
B) detriment
C) necessary stopping point on the journey
D) blockage

Question 56

According to the Indian philosopher Radhakrishnan, philosophy is thought of as atmavidya, meaning knowledge of the __________.

A) gods
B) other
C) self
D) cosmic vision

Question 57

Which of these is one of the most impressive and formidable goddesses of the Hindu pantheon?

A) Durga
B) Kali
C) Sita
D) Mahisa

Question 58

Which text dramatizes an unorthodox view of how people may achieve release from samsara through bhakti?

A) the Bhagavad Gita
B) the Vedas
C) Yoga Sutra
D) Shiva Purana

Question 59

The meaning and use of Om is explained is explained by _________.

A) the Vedas
B) the Upanishads
C) the Sutras
D) the Ramayana

Question 60

Which item represents Shiva's infinitely creative and generative energy?

A) murti
B) tilaka
C) linga
D) bhakti

Question 61

According to the Laws of Manu, what is the third stage in a twice-born Hindu man's life?

A) student
B) forest dweller
C) merchant
D) householder

Question 62

In ancient India, the concepts of dharma and karma were central to the ________, and the same is true today.

A) dalit
B) education system
C) social structure
D) caste system

Question 63

In which Hindu text are deities portrayed as intimately involved in the affairs of humans, sometimes appearing to devotees to deliver rewards, punishments, or warnings?

A) the Puranas
B) the Vedas
C) the Upanishads
D) the Ramayana

Question 64

In the Gita, Krishna insists that several paths, or ________, can lead to moksha, a view thaits well with modern Hinduism.

A) marga
B) bhakti
C) yogas
D) journeys

Question 65

Hinduism boasts of no single creed, ruling body, founder, founding narrative, or sacred text.

Question 66

For Hindus there is no contradiction in worshiping many deities while asserting the oneness of God.

Question 67

Hinduism is a monotheistic religion.

Question 68

Asceticism is denial of physical comfort or pleasures for religious ends.

Question 69

Atman is one's eternal soul or self.

Question 70

Ultimate liberation from samsara is known as Brahman.

Question 71

Hindus experience "instant karma" throughout their lifetimes.

Question 72

Moksha is ultimate liberation from samsara.

Question 73

The most common form of devotion is called bhakti, devotion to a particular deity.

Question 74

There is general agreement that moksha is the most important aim, and there is only one path to follow in hopes of achieving it.

Question 75

The Hindu practice of arti is rarely performed in a temple.

Question 76

The term Vedanta means "the end of the Vedas" or the "culmination of the Vedas," suggesting that this philosophical system is based heavily on the last part of the Vedas, the Upanishads.

Question 77

On the basis of artifacts found in the region, scholars have hypothesized that the people living in the Indus Valley were polytheistic and that some of their gods may have been forerunners of present-day Hindu deities.

Question 78

Traditionally the dominant group in Hindu caste systems consisted of Brahmins , the priests and teachers who alone could study and teach scripture.

Question 79

For thousands of years the Vedas were transmitted orally from brahmin to brahmin, until they were finally put into writing.

Question 80

The Upanishads were composed in 1200 CE.