Deck 12: Christianity

Question 1

What does the following Key Term mean:
-apocalypse

Answer 1

A literary genre that describes revelations of a cataclysmic future or world

Question 2

What does the following Key Term mean:
-Neoplatonism

Answer 2

A view that blends Plato's metaphysics (primarily concerning the theory of forms) and other nonmaterialist or religious ideas.

Question 3

What does the following Key Term mean:
-orthodoxy

Answer 3

The generally accepted or authorized views on religious doctrine and practice.

Question 4

What does the following Key Term mean:
-scholasticism

Question 5

What does the following Key Term mean:
-the Trinity

Question 6

The best and earliest sources of historical information about Jesus is/are the ________.

A) oral traditions of Judaism
B) Babylonian Talmud
C) Gospels
D) history recorded by Romans

Question 7

During Jesus' life Palestine was under harsh ________ rule.

A) Roman
B) Jewish
C) Islamic
D) Greek

Question 8

In what year were the contents of the New Testament determined?

A) 32 CE
B) 107 CE
C) 243 CE
D) 367 CE

Question 9

Which of these was not a Gnostic belief?

A) Salvation comes from freeing the soul from sin.
B) The material world was evil.
C) Salvation comes from freeing the soul from the human body.
D) Secret knowledge was the key to salvation.

Question 10

In what year did Roman Emperor Constantine enact a policy of tolerance for Christians?

A) 504 CE
B) 102 CE
C) 313 CE
D) 72 CE

Question 11

In the late fourth century, several councils were held to resolve differences and establish doctrine. Which of these came out of one of these councils?

A) Nicene Creed
B) Orthodox Creed
C) Trinity Creed
D) Catholic Creed

Question 12

Following the division of the Roman Empire into east and west, Western Christianity was led by a pope in Rome and Eastern Christianity by a ________ in Constantinople.

A) Roman emperor
B) council
C) pope
D) patriarch

Question 13

Huge doctrinal differences between Eastern and Western Christianity were exposed in what is called _________.

A) the Great Schism
B) the Protestant Reformation
C) the Nicene Reformation
D) the Apostolic Schism

Question 14

Which of these was not one the critiques made by the Western Church about the Eastern Church?

A) veneration of icons
B) use of vernacular languages in worship
C) celibacy of priests
D) its refusal to submit to papal power

Question 15

In Augustine's autobiography ________, he describes an idle youth spent in an uninhibited romp through sensuality.

A) Confessions
B) The Life of a Christian
C) Repentance
D) God's Christian

Question 16

The study of philosophy as it relates to religion, which became the dominant method in the European middle ages, is called ___________.

A) Gnosis
B) Manicheanism
C) Scholasticism
D) Platonics

Question 17

Thomas Aquinas's great contribution to both philosophy and Christianity was his fusion of ________ philosophy with Christian doctrines.

A) ethical
B) Plato's
C) logical
D) Aristotle's

Question 18

In what century did the Protestant Reformation come about?

A) third
B) sixteenth
C) tenth
D) twelfth

Question 19

During the Reformation, invention of the printing press made it easier to disseminate translations of the Bible from _________ into vernacular languages.

A) Aramaic
B) Latin
C) French
D) English

Question 20

Which of these is described in the text as Martin Luther's main protest issue with the Church?

A) composition of the Bible
B) selling of indulgences
C) the ritual of the Eucharist
D) doctrinal issues

Question 21

Thomas Aquinas's family wanted him to become a church leader, so they sent him to _________ before he was six years old.

A) the Vatican
B) a Benedictine monastery
C) the University of Naples
D) a Dominican monastery

Question 22

Which of these people was not a reformer active during the Protestant Reformation?

A) John Calvin
B) John Knox
C) Ulrich Zwingli
D) Jonathan Edwards

Question 23

Which of these is not one of the larger denominations of Protestant Christianity?

A) Lutherans
B) Pentecostals
C) Presbyterians
D) Quakers

Question 24

According to the Pew Research Center, what is the estimated percentage of the world population who are Christian?

A) 76.8 percent
B) 63.4 percent
C) 31.7 percent
D) 55.5 percent

Question 25

The New Testament consists of how many books?

A) four
B) twenty-seven
C) five
D) nineteen

Question 26

Which of these best describes the Synoptic Gospels?

A) They are very similar in content because they were derived from the same set of writings.
B) They are a chronological history of Judaism leading up to Jesus' birth.
C) They are a history of Israel during Roman rule.
D) They are all written by apostles of Jesus.

Question 27

Why do historians note a difficulty in precisely identifying the Christian canon?

A) There are too many distinct denominations.
B) We do not have the originals of any of the books of the New Testament.
C) The New Testament was transmitted orally until the thirteenth century.
D) There were major changes made to the biblical canon during the Reformation.

Question 28

Which of these best describes the term orthodoxy?

A) the method some people practice Christianity
B) the official directions for ritual
C) books that were rejected from the official canon
D) the authorized views on religious doctrine and practice

Question 29

Which is the well-known and first of five of Jesus' sermons that are recounted in Matthew?

A) Sermon on the Mount
B) the Apostle's Sermon
C) Sermon from Sinai
D) Sermon on the Trinity

Question 30

Which of these is not part of one of the miracles described in Matthew?

A) resurrection
B) healing the blind
C) curing a mute
D) casting out demons

Question 31

Many of Jesus' teachings were presented as ________; "The Good Samaritan" is one of the mosamous.

A) songs
B) poems
C) parables
D) metaphors

Question 32

Which book offers a meditation on the "divine word" in the form of a poem?

A) John
B) Luke
C) Mark
D) Acts

Question 33

The Book of ________ recounts the events surrounding the early church after Jesus' death and resurrection.

A) John
B) Luke
C) Mark
D) Acts

Question 34

In which tradition was there a presence of feminine imagery or female personalities, as seen in the Gospel of Mary?

A) Gnosticism
B) Manicheanism
C) Marionism
D) Platonics

Question 35

Which of these books is labeled as Apocrypha because it is associated with the official canon but not included in it?

A) The Infancy Gospel of Thomas
B) The Gospel of John the Baptist
C) The Infancy Gospel of John
D) Peter's Revelation

Question 36

Which of these best describes City of God?

A) commentary on the Book of Revelation
B) a dialogue about human choice
C) a synthesis of Christian and classical philosophy
D) commentary on the mysterious doctrine of the unity of three persons in one Godhead

Question 37

Who wrote the following? "Therefore I fell among men proudly doting, exceeding carnal and prating, in whose mouths were the snares of the Devil, limed with the mixture of the syllables of Thy name, and of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Ghost, the Paraclete, our Comforter."

A) Pontius Pilot
B) Augustine
C) Thomas Aquinas
D) St. John Chrysostom

Question 38

Which of these is not a major theme in Orthodox Christianity?

A) justification by faith
B) apotheosis
C) resurrection and the transfiguration of man
D) sanctification

Question 39

In the Eastern Church the sacrament of ________ is not associated with the idea of justification but with the idea of the Christian's education to a life of sanctity

A) confession
B) marriage
C) baptism
D) penance

Question 40

When did the Church found the Spanish Inquisition?

A) 1480
B) 1320
C) 1750
D) 1560

Question 41

Not until ________ ideas penetrated the East during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were Orthodox theologians compelled to take a position on the doctrine of justification.

A) philosophical
B) Enlightenment
C) Protestant
D) secular

Question 42

The ________ was the first church statement of faith to clearly state the doctrine of the Trinity.

A) Apostle's Creed
B) Angel's Creed
C) Nicene Creed
D) Corinthian Creed

Question 43

Baptism rites have been interpreted differently by various denominations of Christianity. Which of these is not one of those interpretations?

A) waterless
B) immersion
C) affusion
D) aspersion

Question 44

Who founded the convent of St. Joseph?

A) Teresa of Avila
B) Hilde of Avila
C) Mary of Avila
D) Rachael of Avila

Question 45

Which of these is a central theme of the "Sermon on the Mount"?

A) practicing rituals
B) understanding Jewish law
C) the Torah
D) conversion of gentiles

Question 46

In what year was Herod made the king of the Jews by Rome?

A) 40 BCE
B) 10CE
C) 50 CE
D) 130 BCE

Question 47

The ________ taught that there were two Gods: the wicked Old Testament God, and the loving New Testament God.

A) Converted Jews
B) Jesuits
C) Marcionites
D) Manichees

Question 48

Today some scholars characterize ________ as an apocalyptic figure, while others say he was mostly a teacher of ethics.

A) Jesus
B) Mark
C) Paul
D) John the Baptist

Question 49

The legalistic temper of _________ Christianity has, characteristically, enlarged on the idea of eternal damnation.

A) Western
B) Catholic
C) Eastern
D) Protestant

Question 50

Christian monotheism clashed with the prevailing ________ of the Greco-Roman world.

A) sacrifices
B) animism
C) Gnosticism
D) polytheism

Question 51

In what year did the Christian Church launch the first military Crusade to capture Jerusalem?

A) 1095
B) 758
C) 1106
D) 955

Question 52

Plato's metaphysics was primarily concerned with the theory of ________.

A) god
B) ethics
C) forms
D) materialism

Question 53

There are 151 distinct denominations of Christianity.

Question 54

According to a leading New Testament historian, the Gospels are basically biographies of Jesus' life.

Question 55

After baptism Jesus began two or three years of preaching, and mingling with outcasts and those deemed sinners.

Question 56

Apocalyptic ideas-beliefs that God would soon destroy all evil forces and usher in a new earthly kingdom of justice and righteousness-were uncommon among Jews.

Question 57

Many people in and before Jesus' time claimed to be the messiah and acquired reputations for performing miracles, healing the sick, casting out demons, and raising the dead.

Question 58

Christianity, like most religions, features a diversity of beliefs.

Question 59

During the firsew centuries CE some people insisted that Christianity was not distincrom Judaism but part of it, being the fulfillment of Jewish prophecy.

Question 60

Early Christians who were called the Marcionites believed in multiple Gods.

Question 61

In the eleventh century, the great divide between Eastern Christianity and Western Christianity was resolved and they became one Church again.

Question 62

The Christian philosopher and theologian Augustine introduced Plato to generations of thinkers, and forced philosophers in every epoch to reckon with his ideas and authority.

Question 63

Neoplatonism is a blend of Plato's metaphysics and other nonmaterialist or religious ideas.

Question 64

From the death of Jesus to the present day, Christianity has never been a unified, fully coherent tradition.

Question 65

The supreme scholastic of the medieval period was Thomas Aquinas.

Question 66

Augustine was born into a devoted Christian family.

Question 67

Contrary to traditional Church positions, Martin Luther asserted that salvation had nothing to do with religious practice and good works.

Question 68

Indulgences were ecclesiastical "vouchers" that gave the holder automatic salvation.

Question 69

Written three to five years after Jesus' death, the four Gospels give varying accounts of Jesus' birth, message, interactions with others, crucifixion, and resurrection.

Question 70

Paul's missionary journeys and his writing of the letters took place a few years before the writing of the Gospels.

Question 71

Jesus' parable called "The Good Samaritan" says that we have moral obligations not just to our own ethnic group but also to those outside our group.

Question 72

Matthew's account of the visit of the women to the tomb differs slightly from Mark's telling.

Question 73

Contrary to some Corinthians at the time, Paul teaches that there is not a resurrection of the body for humans.

Question 74

The Infancy Gospel recounts legends about Jesus as a child from age five to twelve.

Question 75

Rejecting reason, Augustine found that in his search for wisdom there was a place only for faith.

Question 76

Thomas Aquinas maintained that everything we can observe has a cause, and it is clear that nothing can cause itself.

Question 77

The central theme of Orthodox Christianity is not God's justice but his love.

Question 78

A priest in the Orthodox Church will repeatedly express his own sinfulness and unworthiness, emphasizing that he is no less a sinner than his parishioners.

Question 79

The Eastern Church has always been inclined toward the theory of universal salvation.

Question 80

The Eastern Church has always thought of Judgment Day in the strictly juristic terms customary in the West.