Deck 4: Homicide

Question 1

If one human being intentionally killed another without justification or excuse, what kind of homicide occurred?

A) voluntary
B) nonnegligent
C) excusable
D) criminal

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following best exemplifies second-degree manslaughter?

A) Sheila was texting and driving when she ignored a stop sign and killed a man crossing the street.
B) Cady shot and killed a stranger who entered her home late one night.
C) Alex and Morgen were involved in a street fight. Alex killed Morgen with a knife.
D) David saw his ex-girlfriend with another man. He drove his car into them both, killing the other man.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

At a football game, Javier and Mark began fighting over a cell phone charger. Mark screamed that he would kill Javier and tried to push him over the railing. What is the appropriate classification for Mark's behavior?

A) aggravated assault
B) battery alone
C) assault alone
D) assault and battery

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What distinguishes first-degree manslaughter from second-degree manslaughter?

A) First-degree manslaughter involves the intent to harm, while second-degree manslaughter does not.
B) Second-degree manslaughter is committed during the course of another crime, while first-degree manslaughter is not.
C) Second-degree manslaughter is committed with premediation, while first-degree manslaughter is not.
D) First-degree manslaughter involves more than one victim, while second-degree manslaughter does not.

Question 5

When it comes to homicide, which gender pattern is most common?

A) female offender, male victim
B) male offender, female victim
C) female offender, female victim
D) male offender, male victim

Question 6

Marvin Wolfgang identified a pattern of homicide in which the victim of homicide was the first to use physical violence against the person who killed them. He called this form of homicide ______.

A) victim-aggravated
B) victim-offender
C) victim-precipitated
D) victim-provoked

Question 7

Which of the following is the most common relationship pattern between victim and offender in most homicides?

A) The victim and offender know each other.
B) The victim and offender do not know each other.
C) The victim and offender are married.
D) The offender is the parent of the victim.

Question 8

When comparing homicide rates worldwide, ______.

A) the United States has the highest homicide rate
B) Oceania has a higher homicide rate than the United States
C) Europe has a higher homicide rate than Asia
D) the United States has a higher homicide rate than Europe

Question 9

Where does most homicide in the United States tend to occur?

A) suburban areas
B) rural areas
C) urban areas
D) small cities

Question 10

Compared to the rest of the regions in the United States, ______.

A) the South has the highest homicide rate
B) the North has the highest homicide rate
C) the West has the highest homicide rate
D) the East has the highest homicide rate

Question 11

Compared to the rest of the United States population, ______.

A) those aged between 15 and 24 years of age are less likely to be murdered
B) those 50 years of age or older are more likely to be murdered
C) those 14 years of age or younger are more likely to be murdered
D) those 50 years of age or older are less likely to be murdered

Question 12

Compared to older offenders, juveniles are more likely to commit homicide ______.

A) alone
B) with other people
C) with malice aforethought
D) spontaneously

Question 13

How does frustration relate to aggression, according to frustration-aggression theory?

A) Frustration is increased by aggression.
B) Aggression and frustration are strongly correlated.
C) Frustration leads to aggression.
D) Frustration and aggression combined result in homicide.

Question 14

What theory provided the basis for Palmer's unreciprocity approach to explaining violence?

A) frustration-aggression theory
B) social disorganization theory
C) subcultures of violence theory
D) strain theory

Question 15

What question provided the basis for Hirschi's social control theory?

A) Why don't individuals engage in crime and deviant behavior?
B) Why do individuals lack social control?
C) How is self-esteem related to self-control?
D) How is social control related to homicide?

Question 16

According to the general theory of crime, what accounts for all forms of crime?

A) poverty
B) frustration
C) self-esteem
D) self-control

Question 17

According to Cloward and Ohlin, the opportunity to engage in crimes-for-profit depends on ______.

A) the quality of external restraints
B) integration into a criminal subculture
C) the availability of a suitable target
D) absence of guardians

Question 18

In Henry and Short's theory of homicide and suicide, ______ refers to the strength of the requirement that people conform to the demands and expectations of others.

A) strength of the relational system
B) social integration
C) external restraint
D) networks of social relations

Question 19

Status, strength of the relational system, and external restraint are key variables in Henry and Short's ______.

A) social disorganization theory
B) theory of homicide and suicide
C) anomie theory
D) victim-precipitated homicide

Question 20

How do male juvenile homicide offenders compare to female juvenile homicide offenders?

A) Male juvenile homicide offenders are less likely than female juvenile homicide offenders to kill family members.
B) Male juvenile homicide offenders are less likely than female juvenile homicide offenders to kill using a gun.
C) Male juvenile homicide offenders are less likely than female juvenile homicide offenders to kill strangers.
D) Male juvenile homicide offenders are more likely than female juvenile homicide offenders to kill younger children.

Question 21

Moe approached Zackary at a nightclub. He began screaming about Zachery's disrespect. He kicked and hit Zackery, then walked away. Zackery pulled out a gun and shot Moe, killing him. What does this exemplify?

A) second-degree murder
B) aggravated assault
C) victim-precipitated homicide
D) first-degree murder

Question 22

Which two theories developed from the work of Durkheim?

A) anomie theory and Henry and Short's theory of homicide and suicide
B) routine activities theory and strain theory
C) anomie theory and strain theory
D) frustration-aggression theory and unreciprocity

Question 23

Which two adaptations to strain are relevant when applying Merton's anomie theory to assault and homicide?

A) conformity and ritualism
B) retreatist and rebellion
C) conformity and innovation
D) innovation and rebellion

Question 24

Frustration-aggression theory and ______ theory both suggest frustration can lead to violence.

A) strain
B) unreciprocity
C) anomie
D) social bonds

Question 25

According to Wilson, neighborhoods who experience higher assault and battery rates are characterized by ______.

A) more racial diversity
B) less racial diversity
C) higher concentrations of poverty
D) higher concentrations of people

Question 26

Declan shot and killed the man who attempted to rob his store. This is an example of justifiable homicide.

Question 27

Excusable homicide and justifiable homicide both refer to accidental killing.

Question 28

The Northeast region of the United States has the lowest homicide rate.

Question 29

Premeditation refers to an unjustifiable, inexcusable, and unmitigated person-endangering-state-of-mind.

Question 30

In South America, Belize has the highest homicide rate.

Question 31

Second-degree manslaughter results from the negligent actions of the offender.

Question 32

Putting another in fear of imminent bodily injury is a form of assault.

Question 33

The country with the highest murder rate in the world is the United States.

Question 34

The United States has the highest rate of gun-related homicides in the world.

Question 35

The South has the lowest homicide rate in the United States.

Question 36

When examining homicide rates, the most common gender pattern is male offender, female victim.

Question 37

According to Henry and Short, homicide, assault, and battery increase as the status of individuals diminishes.

Question 38

Compared to murder, manslaughter involves less premeditation.

Question 39

Compared to second-degree murder, first-degree murder involves more intent to harm.

Question 40

Identify race and gender patterns present in homicide.

Question 41

Identify and discuss one adaptation within Merton's anomie theory that is relevant for understanding homicide.

Question 42

Analyze violent behavior using Wilson's social disorganization theory.

Question 43

Analyze homicide using Agnew's strain theory.

Question 44

Summarize Travis Hirschi's social bond theory.

Question 45

Compare and contrast subculture of violence theory with opportunity theory.

Question 46

Compare excusable homicide, justifiable homicide, and criminal homicide.

Question 47

Murder is divided into first and second degrees of seriousness. What considerations serve to distinguish the levels of seriousness?

Question 48

Exemplify three of the focal concerns of lower class life described by Miller.