Deck 2: Family Development Theory

Question 1

The intact nuclear family of husband, wife, and their children is the ideal structure needed to maintain society according to structure functionalism theory.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Talcott Parsons did not see deviant behavior as contributing to positive social change.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A key component of structural functionalist theory states that any human system will resist change.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Structural functionalists would argue that males need to perform expressive functions and women should perform instrumental functions within the family.

Question 5

According to structural functionalist theory, the function of families is to procreate and socialize children.

Question 6

In structural function theory, on-deviance is the same as conformity.

Question 7

Structural functionalism is basically a theory of social survival.

Question 8

Structural functionalism is one of the most widely used theories today.

Question 9

According to structural function theory, any family form can help maintain equilibrium in society.

Question 10

For structural function theory, instrumental roles are those that help provide for the family.

Question 11

Meeting the emotional needs of the family means you are fulfilling the expressive role.

Question 12

All systems have functions.

Question 13

The function of families is to socialize children.

Question 14

Women are more likely to fulfill instrumental roles than are men.

Question 15

The Benchmark family can take multiple forms.

Question 16

According to Talcott Parsons, what is the key system in society?

A) Government
B) Family
C) Culture
D) Social institutions

Question 17

Despite the theory's inability to adapt to the changes associated with the social upheaval of the 1960s, structural functionalism remains beneficial because:

A) The concept of the family needing to stay in balance is important to more modern family theories.
B) Present day family research uses family structure.
C) Family structure continues to plan a role in political decision-making.
D) All of the above

Question 18

Rejecting both social norms and the typical ways social norms are achieved is an example of what?

A) innovation
B) ritualism
C) retreatism
D) rebellion

Question 19

Which of the following is an instrumental task?

A) socializing children
B) preparing dinner
C) fixing the fence
D) settling a conflict

Question 20

According to Parsons, _________________ is based on the concept of what is biologically predetermined vs. what is earned.

A) diffuseness/specificity
B) affectivity/affective neutral
C) ascription/achievement
D) collectivity/self

Question 21

The leading thinker of functionalism in America was

A) Emile Durkheim.
B) Talcott Parsons.
C) Wesley Burr.
D) Ruben Hill.
E) Alfred Radcliffe-Brown.

Question 22

According to structural functionalism, which is the Benchmark Family?

A) the historic extended family
B) well-functioning blended families
C) traditional intact nuclear family
D) whatever family structure best responds to the societal pressures at hand
E) none of the above

Question 23

The traditional family with a working husband, stay-at-home wife, and their children is called the _________ family in structure functionalism theory.

A) functional
B) benchmark
C) Hollywood
D) normal

Question 24

When a man/husband becomes a drug addict to avoid both the rewards of society and the frustrations of trying to attain them, which deviant behavior is he enacting?

A) conformity
B) innovation
C) ritualism
D) retreatism
E) rebellion

Question 25

According to Murdock (1949) which is NOT one of the four universal family functions?

A) love
B) reproduction
C) socialization
D) economic division of labor

Question 26

In contrast to Murdock's finding (in Smith and Hamon) that society has succeeded in finding an adequate substitute for the nuclear family

A) Edith Clarke noticed that fathers are missing from lower-class Jamacian families so the structure is a mother-child dyad.
B) Milford Spiro asserted that socialization and economic functions are not provided by the family in the Israeli Kibbutz.
C) Lee demonstrated that fathers do not live with or provide for their families or help socialize their children among the Nayar of India.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 27

A chief reason for the decline in popularity of structural functionalism is that

A) it is only useful for cross-cultural research.
B) it ignores within family interaction.
C) it confuses "function" with "cause."
D) it is too politically radical.

Question 28

The ______ is the purpose of something or what it does.

A) structure
B) function
C) benchmark
D) equilibrium

Question 29

Equilibrium can be defined as:

A) having a sense of balance
B) having all things be equal
C) a section of the frontal cortex of the brain
D) a social norm associated with the family

Question 30

Behaviors that differ from the social norm are said to be:

A) deviant
B) expressive
C) instrumental
D) structural

Question 31

Rejecting both the social norms and the typical ways they are achieved, but also trying to form a new social structure, is an example of what?

A) innovation
B) ritualism
C) retreatism
D) rebellion

Question 32

Structure functionalism is based on the idea that society is similar to the human body in that it has various parts that need to work together for it to be healthy. This is called what?

A) organic analogy
B) natural analogy
C) anatomical analogy
D) functional analogy

Question 33

Talcott Parsons believed which of the following things were true?

A) the key to societal survival is shared norms and values
B) the family is the key system in society
C) deviation from social norms leads to disorganization which is bad for society
D) all of the above

Question 34

Sarah is starting to wear plaid shoes to school because all of her friends are wearing plaid shoes. Sarah is showing what kind of behavior?

A) conformity
B) rebellion
C) retreatism
D) innovation

Question 35

Conforming to a social norm, but doing so by showing deviant behavior, is an example of what?

A) innovation
B) rebellion
C) retreatism
D) ritualism

Question 36

Match Parson's five pattern variables with their appropriate descriptions.
-Ascription/Achievement

A) the nature of relationships and how broad or narrow their expectations are
B) the interest in others versus the focus on
C) the amount of emotional expression that is appropriate in a given situation
D) the range of people with whom we come into contact
E) what is biologically predetermined versus what is earned.

Question 37

Match Parson's five pattern variables with their appropriate descriptions.
-Diffusiveness/Specificity

A) the nature of relationships and how broad or narrow their expectations are
B) the interest in others versus the focus on
C) the amount of emotional expression that is appropriate in a given situation
D) the range of people with whom we come into contact
E) what is biologically predetermined versus what is earned.

Question 38

Match Parson's five pattern variables with their appropriate descriptions.
-Particularism/Universalism

A) the nature of relationships and how broad or narrow their expectations are
B) the interest in others versus the focus on
C) the amount of emotional expression that is appropriate in a given situation
D) the range of people with whom we come into contact
E) what is biologically predetermined versus what is earned.

Question 39

Match Parson's five pattern variables with their appropriate descriptions.
-Affectivity/Affective Neutrality

A) the nature of relationships and how broad or narrow their expectations are
B) the interest in others versus the focus on
C) the amount of emotional expression that is appropriate in a given situation
D) the range of people with whom we come into contact
E) what is biologically predetermined versus what is earned.

Question 40

Match Parson's five pattern variables with their appropriate descriptions.
-Collectivity/Self

A) the nature of relationships and how broad or narrow their expectations are
B) the interest in others versus the focus on
C) the amount of emotional expression that is appropriate in a given situation
D) the range of people with whom we come into contact
E) what is biologically predetermined versus what is earned.

Question 41

What lead Holman and Burr (1980) to declare structural functionalism a "peripheral" theory?

Question 42

Why is this theory not used as much today as it was when the theory was developed?

Question 43

What are the social norms today concerning expressive and instrumental roles?

Question 44

Merton (1957) developed a typology of deviant behavior. First, why did he do this? Second, what examples can you think of for each?