Deck 12: Education and School

Question 1

Vivian is a teacher who believes that students should be treated as individuals in a culturally sensitive manner and should be trained to be able to participate in the community.Vivian is most likely a:

A) progressive.
B) home-school teacher.
C) preparatory school teacher.
D) traditionalist.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements about progressives versus traditionalists is FALSE?

A) Progressives believe that the purpose of education is to give students skills they need for life.
B) Both traditionalists and progressives believe that public education should produce good citizens who embrace American values.
C) John Dewey was a proponent of progressive education.
D) The No Child Left Behind legislation is more in line with traditionalist than progressive philosophy.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which group argues that the purpose of education is to teach the basics,such as English,science,math,and history?

A) Progressives
B) Traditionalists
C) Charter schools
D) Tech-prep schools

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Traditionalists have argued that the purpose of education is to teach the basics including all of the following EXCEPT:

A) English.
B) health.
C) mathematics.
D) science.

Question 5

In response to the Russians launching Sputnik,The National Defense Education Act appropriated nearly a billion dollars to support the teaching of all of the following EXCEPT:

A) foreign languages.
B) mathematics.
C) history.
D) science.

Question 6

All of the following are true of magnet schools EXCEPT:

A) they have been around for decades.
B) their enrollment dramatically decreased during the 1990s.
C) they are theme schools.
D) they operate within the public school system.

Question 7

In 1983,the National Commission on Excellence in Education reported all of the following EXCEPT:

A) achievement declined in science.
B) nearly half of high school seniors could not draw inferences from written material.
C) 30% of all 17-year-olds were functionally illiterate.
D) achievement declined in English.

Question 8

During which of the following eras did U.S.public education include experimental education such as open classrooms and hands-on experiences?

A) During the Depression
B) In the 1960s and 1970s
C) In the 1980s
D) In the 1950s after Sputnik

Question 9

Harold is a teacher who believes that education should get back to the basics of math,English,science,and history,rather than teaching other types of courses.Harold is most likely a:

A) progressive.
B) home-school teacher.
C) preparatory school teacher.
D) traditionalist.

Question 10

Which group believes that the purpose of education is to prepare students for citizenship,family living,and a vocation?

A) Progressives
B) Traditionalists
C) Charter schools
D) Tech-prep schools

Question 11

What is the name for theme schools (such as those specializing in the arts)within the public school system?

A) Magnet schools
B) Charter schools
C) Tech-prep schools
D) Voucher schools

Question 12

What is the name of the widely used test in the U.S.that measures students' aptitude to do academic work?

A) Intelligence Test
B) Scholastic Assessment Test
C) Performance Goal Test
D) Task Mastery Test

Question 13

Traditionalists have argued that the purpose of education is to teach the basics including all of the following EXCEPT:

A) foreign languages.
B) history.
C) mathematics.
D) vocational education.

Question 14

By the late 1970s,40% of all high school students were taking a ________ course of study.

A) back-to-basics
B) college preparatory
C) general
D) vocational

Question 15

According to the text,U.S.education in the 1990s was marked by a move toward:

A) alternative forms of education.
B) a back-to-basics traditionalist approach.
C) the use of open classroom and hands-on learning.
D) an increased use of the SAT and other aptitude tests.

Question 16

The educational philosopher,John Dewey,was a champion of ________ education.

A) private
B) progressive
C) religious
D) traditional

Question 17

In the 1980s,back-to-basics education was demanded because of:

A) a decline in American Nobel prize winners.
B) economic competition from Japan and Western Europe.
C) the failure of the U.S. to settle Middle East unrest.
D) the Soviet threat.

Question 18

During which of the following eras has U.S.public education been progressive?

A) In the early 21ˢᵗ century
B) During the Depression
C) In the 1950s after Sputnik
D) all of the above

Question 19

In the mid-1960s,the Johnson administration passed major school aid legislation to benefit:

A) disabled children.
B) poor children.
C) children of veterans.
D) female students.

Question 20

During the U.S.Depression era public education became more:

A) progressive.
B) traditional.
C) back-to-basics oriented.
D) tech-prep oriented.

Question 21

When home schooling first began in the U.S.,it was primarily endorsed by:

A) rural families far from schools.
B) secular progressives.
C) parents who used to be hippies.
D) conservative Christians.

Question 22

Charter schools are:

A) theme schools in the public school system.
B) partnered with community colleges to offer two-years associate's degrees.
C) private schools that are not associated with religion.
D) a hybrid between public and private schools.

Question 23

In Nabilah's school the teachers structure classes so that students compete and those with the highest scores get rewarded.Nabilah's school most likely has:

A) a performance goal structure.
B) tracking.
C) a task mastery structure.
D) a progressive structure.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the No Child Left Behind Act?

A) Teachers "teach to the test" so the quality of education decreases.
B) It shifts control of education from the federal government to the states.
C) Schools with low test scores will lose funding and students will fall even farther behind.
D) Money is being spent on assessment that could instead be spent on improving education.

Question 25

Academic motivation likely declines in middle school because:

A) schools are large and impersonal.
B) students spend less time with friends.
C) students aren't close with their teachers.
D) all of the above

Question 26

What is the term for the type of schooling in which individual effort and improvement are rewarded and competition is not emphasized?

A) Tracking structure
B) Performance goal structure
C) Task mastery structure
D) Tech-prep structure

Question 27

What are the two main learning structures that are discussed in the text?

A) Ability grouping and tracking
B) Ability goal and competitive
C) Task mastery and performance goal
D) Tech-prep and charter

Question 28

All of the following are true of charter schools EXCEPT:

A) they are private schools.
B) they are supported by public tax dollars.
C) they are accountable to the government.
D) they are free from most district rules.

Question 29

Which types of high schools are partnered with community colleges so that students can get a two-year associate's degree along with a high school diploma?

A) Magnet schools
B) Charter schools
C) Tech-prep schools
D) Voucher schools

Question 30

Proponents of open enrollment believe it will help improve public education because:

A) students will gain excellent education from the partnered community colleges.
B) it will expose students to the arts and other topics outside the traditional curriculum.
C) it will increase competition for students so schools with have a financial incentive to do a good job.
D) students will have the option of attending high quality private schools for a small extra cost.

Question 31

Why were middle schools created to replace junior high schools?

A) Middle school teachers didn't need as many qualifications as junior high school teachers.
B) Middle schools were seen as more helpful for young adolescents' needs.
C) Middle schools were smaller than junior high schools.
D) all of the above

Question 32

When adolescents enter middle school,which of the following does NOT decline?

A) Effectiveness of supervision by teachers
B) Students' academic achievement
C) The number of students in the classroom
D) Students' self-perceptions of academic ability

Question 33

What is the name of the policy that allows students to choose which public school to attend even if the school is outside the child's district?

A) Open enrollment
B) Vouchers
C) Charter schools
D) Magnet schools

Question 34

Isaiah goes to a school for the performing arts,which is part of the public school system.What kind of school is Isaiah going to?

A) Magnet school
B) Charter school
C) Tech-prep school
D) Voucher school

Question 35

What is the term for the type of schooling in which there is a competitive atmosphere so that the goal is to get the highest grade in the class?

A) Tracking structure
B) Performance goal structure
C) Task mastery structure
D) Tech-prep structure

Question 36

Margaret goes to a school that receives tax dollars from the federal government,yet is run by a corporation that has devised its own school curriculum.Margaret attends a:

A) magnet school.
B) charter school.
C) tech-prep school.
D) voucher school.

Question 37

In a voucher system:

A) the child can attend a public school outside of his or her own school district.
B) the public school district subsidizes the cost of a child attending a private school.
C) the child's family receives money for home schooling the child.
D) the child attends a theme school in the public school system for a small added fee.

Question 38

Tech-prep schools enable students to:

A) obtain a four year bachelor's degree after high school.
B) obtain a two-year associate's degree with their high school diploma.
C) avoid liberal arts classes.
D) earn a high school equivalency diploma.

Question 39

Which of the following is the structure of an American middle school?

A) Grades 6 through 8
B) Grades 5 through 7
C) Grades 7 and 8
D) all of the above

Question 40

Middle schools were developed because:

A) junior high schools were overcrowded.
B) they made it easier to track students.
C) junior high schools did not meet the needs of early adolescents.
D) all of the above

Question 41

According to Jackson and Davis,which of the following is NOT a characteristic of successful middle schools?

A) Students need to see the curriculum's relevance to their own lives.
B) Teachers should have special training in interacting with early adolescents.
C) The curriculum should be moderate in difficulty, rather than easy or rigorous.
D) Students need to feel that their thoughts and opinions are respected.

Question 42

Josh's parents are foreign-born,from the Northeast,older,well-educated,and have a high income.What kind of school does Josh most likely attend?

A) A private, religious school
B) A charter school
B) A magnet school
D) A private, nonreligious school

Question 43

Research suggests that middle schools should use:

A) rote learning.
B) a task mastery structure.
C) a performance goal structure.
D) none of the above

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic curricula offered in comprehensive American high schools today?

A) Classical
B) College preparatory
C) General
D) Vocational

Question 45

From which high school curriculum do most dropouts and unemployed youths come?

A) Classical
B) College preparatory
C) General
D) Vocational

Question 46

Like 23 percent of American high school students,Maureen is:

A) in a private school.
B) being home schooled.
C) in a magnet school.
D) taking a general curriculum.

Question 47

Based on the research about tracking,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Once a student is placed in a lower-track class, it is hard to move to a higher-track class.
B) Tracking benefits higher-tracked students more than lower-tracked students.
C) Math and science are more commonly tracked than other classes.
D) Tracking refers to being placed in different classes, not in different curricula.

Question 48

Students whose teachers use a performance goal structure tend to exhibit all of the following EXCEPT:

A) depression.
B) anger.
C) truancy.
D) asking for help.

Question 49

Carlos is in a school where the teachers encourage students to focus on their own personal improvement and students' efforts and improvement are rewarded.Carlos's school most likely has:

A) a performance goal structure.
B) tracking.
C) a task mastery structure.
D) a progressive structure.

Question 50

According to Rice and Dolgin,an important aspect of having a school atmosphere of learning is that:

A) students are invested in their own learning.
B) students are held responsible for their own learning.
C) students enjoy seeing their friends there.
D) all of the above

Question 51

The aggregate of the courses of study offered in a school is that school's:

A) atmosphere.
B) curriculum.
C) climate.
D) policy.

Question 52

Approximately what percent of American high school students attend private schools?

A) 2
B) 11
C) 23
D) 39

Question 53

Which of the following statements about school size is TRUE?

A) The smaller the school, the better trained the teachers.
B) The quality of teacher monitoring is less adequate in large schools than small schools.
C) In small schools students have fewer chances to have meaningful participation in activities.
D) all of the above

Question 54

Approximately what percent of American high school students are home schooled?

A) 1
B) 7
C) 13
D) 26

Question 55

Adolescents generally experience fewer problems in schools with:

A) a task mastery structure.
B) tracking.
C) a back-to-basics approach.
D) a performance goal structure.

Question 56

Students work harder and learn more if their teacher:

A) is strict in expectations.
B) uses constant drill.
C) cares about them.
D) all of the above

Question 57

Another name for tracking is:

A) performance goal structuring.
B) ability grouping.
C) curriculum channeling.
D) vocational training.

Question 58

Approximately what percent of American high school students attend public schools?

A) 90
B) 70
C) 50
D) 30

Question 59

Like seven percent of American high school students,Erik is:

A) taking a vocational curriculum.
B) in a private school.
C) being home schooled.
D) taking a general curriculum.

Question 60

Negative teacher expectations fall disproportionately on:

A) boys.
B) middle-SES students.
C) racial/ethnic minority students.
D) all of the above

Question 61

The text discussed five main reasons that the dropout rate is higher for low-SES students than for higher-SES students.Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

A) Teachers are often prejudiced against low-SES youths.
B) Low-SES students receive fewer rewards for doing well.
C) Low-SES students do not possess the math skills of their middle-class peers.
D) Peer influences on low-SES youths are often antischool.

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT one of the three dimensions of alienation?

A) Selflessness
B) Meaninglessness
C) Normlessness
D) Powerlessness

Question 63

Approximately what percent of high schools graduate over 90 percent of the entering first-year students?

A) 15
B) 25
C) 35
D) 45

Question 64

Which parenting style is most associated with children's school success?

A) Authoritative
B) Indulgent
C) Permissive
D) Authoritarian

Question 65

In 2008 what percent of Americans under age 25 completed high school?

A) 94
B) 86
C) 71
D) 65

Question 66

Major criticisms of Japanese schools include that they:

A) don't encourage creative problem solving.
B) are impersonal.
C) are too competitive.
D) all of the above

Question 67

Ricardo is alienated from high school mostly because the rules and goals in his school aren't consistent and uniform.This best illustrates which dimension of alienation?

A) Selflessness
B) Meaninglessness
C) Normlessness
D) Powerlessness

Question 68

The highest dropout rates in the U.S.are among:

A) White youth in poor, rural areas.
B) White youth in inner cities.
C) non-White youth in poor, rural areas.
D) non-White youth in inner cities.

Question 69

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Home schooled children tend to do well academically.
B) Children in charter schools perform slightly better than children in traditional public schools.
C) Children tend to learn more if taught by certified teachers rather than by uncertified teachers.
D) The majority of children attend public school in their district.

Question 70

Approximately what percent of male students say that they have carried a weapon on school property?

A) 2
B) 9
C) 18
D) 29

Question 71

When students can't see any connection between their school subjects and their future roles in society,which of the dimensions of alienation becomes stronger?

A) Selflessness
B) Meaninglessness
C) Normlessness
D) Powerlessness

Question 72

What percent of Americans with diplomas earned a GED certificate rather than graduated from high school?

A) 31
B) 24
C) 10
D) 3

Question 73

Children born prematurely or with low birth weight are at higher risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

A) learning problems.
B) short-term memory difficulties.
C) visual-motor deficits.
D) autism.

Question 74

Which of the following statements about dropping out of school is TRUE?

A) Poor reading ability is kindergarten is a strong predictor of failure to complete high school.
B) Authoritarian parents are most likely to have children who value school and get good grades.
C) Students with low IQs and with learning disabilities are more likely than others to drop out of school.
D) all of the above

Question 75

Which of the following is NOT one of the types of truants identified by Bimler and Kirkland?

A) Unmotivated loners
B) Well-socialized delinquents
C) Motivated loners
D) Truancy condoned by parents

Question 76

Ling is alienated from high school mostly because she doesn't see how the courses are relevant to her life.This illustrates which dimension of alienation?

A) Selflessness
B) Meaninglessness
C) Normlessness
D) Powerlessness

Question 77

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of parents who home school their children?

A) White
B) Religious
C) Conservative
D) Upper class

Question 78

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Girls who drop out of school are more likely to become pregnant than nondropouts.
B) Teenage fathers are less likely to finish high school than are nonfathers.
C) The dropout rate for African Americans has decreased over the past years.
D) Female dropouts are more likely than male dropouts to be employed.

Question 79

According to a 2006 survey of dropouts,which of the following reasons for dropping out was LEAST often given by respondents?

A) Classes weren't interesting.
B) They had to care for a family member.
C) They had many friends who weren't in school.
D) They were failing.

Question 80

Which of the following statements about the Japanese educational system is FALSE?

A) Japanese students spend more time in school than American students.
B) The Japanese national government, rather than local government, oversees the educational system.
C) Japanese people believe that academic success is due more to innate ability than to effort.
D) Japanese adolescents must take placement exams to get into high school.