Deck 5: Personal Victimization

Question 1

Personal victimization does not include which of the following in its definition?

A) The target is usually the victim rather than the victim's property.
B) The victim suffers some harm.
C) The offender is often injured during the crime.
D) It involves violent behavior on the part of the offender that is directed toward the victim.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Patterns in homicide rates indicate that which age group has the highest risk of homicide victimization?

A) Under 14.
B) 14-17.
C) 18-24.
D) 25-34.
E) None of the above.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In most homicides in which the victim-offender relationship can be determined, the victim and offender are _____________.

A) Strangers.
B) Family members.
C) Acquainted in some way.
D) Friends on Facebook.
E) B and D

Answer 3

C

Question 4

_____________ involves victims who are murdered within 24 hours of being born; _________ involves the murder of victims up to age 4.

A) Neonaticide; femicide.
B) Infanticide; eldercide.
C) Neonaticide; infanticide.
D) Infanticide; neonaticide.
E) None of the above.

Question 5

According to the subculture of violence theory, some subcultures view violence as an appropriate response in certain social situations.

Question 6

The term sexual assault includes which of the following?

A) Attempted unwanted sexual contact.
B) Use of force to engage in sexual intercourse.
C) Verbal threats of rape.
D) No use of force to engage in sexual intercourse.
E) B and D
F) All of the above are included in the term.

Question 7

Rape is committed more often by someone unknown to the victim than by someone the victim knows.

Question 8

Which of the following is not included in legal definitions of stalking?

A) Criminal intent of the perpetrator.
B) Harm to the victim in the form of emotional distress or fear.
C) A course of conduct/a pattern of behavior.
D) Physical harm to the victim.
E) None of the above.

Question 9

Why do some researchers critique the "reasonable person" fear standard for stalking?

A) Most victims do not consider stalking behaviors harmful.
B) Not all victims will interpret or respond to an offender's pursuit in the same manner.
C) Stalking has a universal definition and poses no measurement challenges.
D) Offenders who stalk are usually stalking victims.

Question 10

Which of the following has research confirmed is a high-risk victim characteristic for stalking victimization?

A) Female gender.
B) Male gender.
C) Being divorced or separated.
D) High annual income.
E) A and C

Question 11

Which of the following is the most common pursuit behavior in stalking victimization?

A) Following or spying on the victim.
B) Waiting for the victim.
C) Spreading rumors about the victim.
D) Leaving unwanted presents for the victim.
E) None of the above.

Question 12

What is the best definition of cyberstalking?

A) Repeated pursuit through digital or Internet-based devices.
B) Following the victim in a car.
C) Sending the victim letters and gifts through the postal system.
D) Spreading rumors about the victim.

Question 13

The majority of stalking victims are stalked for ____________.

A) 8 to 10 years.
B) Their entire lives.
C) 6 months or less.
D) 2 to 4 hours.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a theory that researchers have used to explain stalking victimization?

A) Low self-control.
B) Lifestyle-routine activities.
C) Control balance theory.
D) Strain theory.
E) All of the above have explained stalking victimization.

Question 15

Simple assault involves the offender physically attacking or threatening to physically attack the victim with a weapon.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most common personal crime experienced by victims in the United States?

A) Assault victimization.
B) Identity theft.
C) Homicide.
D) Motor vehicle theft.
E) None of the above.

Question 17

Which of the following is not associated with increased risk for robbery victimization?

A) African American race.
B) 21-24 years old.
C) Female gender.
D) Being married.
E) A and C
F) C and D

Question 18

The most frequent weapon used in robbery is __________.

A) Firearms.
B) Knives.
C) Strong-arm tactics.
D) Scissors.
E) Crowbars.

Question 19

The least frequently occurring type of personal victimization is _____________.

A) Stalking.
B) Homicide.
C) Simple assault.
D) Rape.
E) Robbery.

Question 20

According to the Uniform Crime Report, ___________ experience the highest dollar loss from robbery.

A) Gas stations.
B) Convenience stores.
C) Banks.
D) Streets/highways.
E) None of the above.

Question 21

Describe which risk factors are the same and which are different across various types of personal victimization. Explain why similarities and differences exist across these various types of personal victimization.

Question 22

Why might college students be at a heightened risk for cyberstalking victimization? Explain your answer from an opportunity perspective. Use examples to support your points.

Question 23

Chapter 5 discusses several types of homicide victimization (e.g., parricide, eldercide). Arguing from an opportunity perspective, why it useful to distinguish among these different types of homicide in explaining why homicide victimization occurs? Use examples of different types of homicide victimization to illustrate your points.