Deck 15: Corrections and Delinquency

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of community-based corrections for juveniles?

A) Training schools
B) Boot camps
C) Probation
D) Jails

Answer 1

C

Question 2

With whom did the idea of probation begin?

A) John Augustus
B) Paul Smith
C) John Jones
D) Edward Mearey

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following was the first juvenile correctional institution?

A) Community Juvenile Arbitration Program
B) Project New Pride
C) National Center for Juvenile Justice
D) New York House of Refuge

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which sanction is used with virtually all first-time juvenile offenders?

A) Dismissal
B) Probation
C) Detention
D) Deportation

Question 5

A youth who would benefit from intensive probation, but fails to receive it due to lapses in the system is known as a __________.

A) false positive
B) phantom delinquent
C) false negative
D) lost cause

Question 6

Research shows that intensive probation affects recidivism rates

A) to mixed results
B) in a negative way
C) in a better way than normal probation
D) All of these are correct

Question 7

Private companies that operate correctional facilities often select youths who will pose minimal behavioral or disciplinary problems, a process known as __________.

A) Social Darwinism
B) creaming
C) violation selection
D) selective rehabilitation

Question 8

In general, research shows that detention of juveniles __________.

A) focuses mostly on treatment instead of accountability
B) needs more of a get-tough approach
C) does little to effectively rehabilitate youths
D) shows promise as a means of extended treatment

Question 9

A sentence that results in a juvenile paying for damages is called __________.

A) restitution
B) probation
C) financing
D) mediation

Question 10

Taking into account all offenses, which group is most likely to be detained?

A) Latinos
B) American Indians
C) African Americans
D) Caucasians

Question 11

After release from detention facilities, aftercare workers and parole officers focus mainly on a youth's __________.

A) academic achievements
B) future prospects
C) parental situation
D) reintegration into the community

Question 12

Which of the following often occurs in the use of shock probation?

A) Electro-harmonic therapy in conjunction with intensive probation
B) Foster care followed by release to parent or guardian
C) Time spent in a detention facility followed by traditional probation
D) Placement in a community service facility in a foreign country

Question 13

An alternative to incarceration, place that aim to provide a nurturing home environment for adjudicated youth are called __________.

Question 14

An amendment to the Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 mandated states to __________.

Question 15

A difference between juvenile detention centers and adult prisons is that the former emphasizes __________.

Question 16

For some youths, incarceration actually provides a better standard of living, sometimes known as _______.

Question 17

Girls in detention are most often diagnosed with ________ disorder.

Question 18

Private companies that operate correctional facilities often select youths who will pose minimal behavioral or disciplinary problems, a process known as __________.

Question 19

Recently, courts have ruled that juveniles who are in detention facilities have the right to __________.

Question 20

What is the average length of stay for a juvenile at a forestry ranch?

Question 21

Approximately how many youths in juvenile detention facilities have been diagnosed with attention deficit disorders?

Question 22

The National Council on Crime and Delinquency identified that the most critical route to delinquency for young girls is __________.

Question 23

The main argument in favor of privatization of correctional facilities is _________.

Question 24

The most successful programs in reducing juvenile recidivism focus on __________.

Question 25

Research on school-based probation finds that it results in lower caseloads for probation officers.

Question 26

An alternative to incarceration, place that aim to provide a nurturing home environment for adjudicated youth are called wilderness programs.

Question 27

A sentence that results in a juvenile paying for damages is called mediation.

Question 28

Taking into account all offenses, American Indians are most likely to be detained.

Question 29

A difference between juvenile detention centers and adult prisons is that the former emphasizes maintaining order.

Question 30

Overcrowding and increased gang activity are two significant problems with training schools.

Question 31

A youth who is institutionalized in a detention center is likely to encounter therapy sessions as part of the experience.

Question 32

Approximately 90 percent of youths in juvenile detention facilities have been diagnosed with attention deficit disorders.

Question 33

A history of sexual abuse is said to be a factor that contributes to an increased risk of suicide for incarcerated youths.

Question 34

The most successful programs in reducing juvenile recidivism focus on psychological counseling.

Question 35

A sentence that results in a juvenile paying for damages is called restitution.

Question 36

Recently, courts have ruled that juveniles who are in detention facilities have the right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment.