Deck 13: Cultural Resource Management

Question 1

The greatest threat to archaeological sites is ________.

A) human population growth and development
B) air pollution
C) metal detectorists
D) extreme weather

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Fort Hall was a lucrative trading post for many years mainly because of ________.

A) its location on the Snake River
B) its trade in beaver pelts
C) its offer of safety to Oregon Trail wagons
D) its trade in salmon

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What was the immediate danger to the archaeological site at Fort Hall?

A) City planners wanted to turn the area into a recreational site for off-road vehicles.
B) Native Americans wanted to reclaim the land for ceremonial purposes.
C) The Snake River was encroaching on the site.
D) A housing development was proposed to be built there.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Cultural resource management (CRM) agencies in the United States do the following except for ________.

A) protecting significant historical and archaeological sites
B) prohibiting off-road vehicles through passing regulation
C) prosecuting looters
D) repatriating human remains

Question 5

Which law prohibits the digging at archaeological sites unless a federal permit is secured?

A) Reservoir Salvage Act of 1960
B) Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
C) Antiquities Act of 1906
D) National Historic Preservation Act

Question 6

The Archaeological Resources Protection act of 1979 ________.

A) protects archaeological resources on private land
B) created a national registry of archaeological sites
C) reversed the Antiquities Act of 1906
D) strengthened the Antiquities Act of 1906

Question 7

Which of the following are not one of the criteria required for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places?

A) association with historical event
B) great public interest
C) association with historical people
D) distinctive artistic value

Question 8

The ________, which has been responsible for many cultural programs, including the administration of historic battlefields, administers the National Register.

A) U.S. Department of the Interior
B) U.S. Department of Justice
C) National Park Service
D) U.S. Department of Homeland Security

Question 9

Which of the following would not meet one of the requirements of inclusion in the National Register?

A) a uniquely designed colonial house
B) a common 200-year-old mill
C) a Civil War battlefield
D) a president's birthplace

Question 10

The two steps of an inventory are ________.

A) survey and data entry
B) excavation and removal
C) mitigation and excavation
D) survey and preservation

Question 11

A measure taken to lessen the adverse effects on historical sites is called ________.

A) undertaking
B) evaluation
C) remedying
D) mitigation

Question 12

Under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), federal agencies that hold onto human remains have to do the following except for ________.

A) identifying the tribal affiliation of those materials
B) repatriating the materials if requested
C) holding a tribal ceremony
D) conducting an inventory of any associated funerary objects

Question 13

If irreconcilable differences arise between state and federal agencies, the __________ can help adjudicate the contested issue.

A) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
B) Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
C) National Register of Historic Places
D) U.S. Department of the Interior

Question 14

Each state SHPO generally have the following individuals except for ________.

A) a state archaeologist
B) an expert in local archaeology
C) a state historic preservation officer
D) a state publicist

Question 15

All of the following are major aspects of federal law compliance archaeology except for ________.

A) showcasing
B) inventory
C) protection
D) evaluation

Question 16

The UNESCO convention of 1970 was primarily organized to ________.

A) address the international problem of illegal import, export, and transfer of artifacts
B) establish a protocol for announcing a significant archaeological discovery
C) devise an international system of permits for archaeological digs
D) legalize the sale of common antiquities

Question 17

UNESCO Convention also aimed at ________.

A) creating an ethical code for international archaeologists
B) protecting significant or rare biological and paleontological resources
C) establishing a system of fines for tourist looters
D) protecting copyrights of archaeological items

Question 18

The statute that makes in necessary for federal projects to cease and notify appropriate tribal representatives if human remains are encountered during archaeological investigations is ________.

A) NHPA
B) Antiquities Act
C) NAGPRA
D) NRHP

Question 19

The threat to the temple site at Abu Simbel was ________.

A) the construction of a large housing development
B) the construction of a major highway
C) the construction of an airport
D) the rising level of Lake Nasser, because of the construction of the Aswan Dam

Question 20

When making decisions regarding mitigation, archaeologists consider ________.

A) only the area their budget can cover
B) all areas that might be affected by a project
C) only the area that contains human remains
D) only those areas deemed historically unique

Question 21

Which of the following are not among the ethical principles of archaeology?

A) public funding
B) stewardship
C) public education
D) accountability

Question 22

What are the indigenous peoples of Australia called?

A) Papuans
B) native Asians
C) Aborigines
D) Proto-Polynesians

Question 23

Describe the various ways that contemporary human activity can negatively affect archaeological sites.

Question 24

Why is it important for archaeologists to take into account the viewpoints of indigenous people connected to an archaeological site?

Question 25

Think about three or four historical sites that you know or have visited and determine what criteria would be used to include them in the National Register.

Question 26

Why is educating the public about archaeological discoveries so important to the field?

Question 27

Describe the ethical responsibilities of professional archaeologists.