Deck 12: Understanding Change

Question 1

What does the study of cultural ecology concentrate on?

A) changes in the relationship between a society and its environment
B) changes in the relationships between social groups
C) changes in traditions and culture
D) changes in the religious symbolism and practice

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Analysis of paleofeces can help determine the following except for ________.

A) foods eaten
B) quality of diet
C) general health
D) cause of death

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Change that occurs at the same general time across geographic space is called ________ change.

A) atemporal
B) synchronic
C) diachronic
D) universal

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Change that can be observed over time is ________ change.

A) atemporal
B) synchronic
C) diachronic
D) universal

Question 5

Archaeologists found relatively little technological change in prehistoric Australia over a period of _________ years.

A) 50000
B) 1000
C) 1 million
D) 6 million

Question 6

The examination of how societal subsystems are interrelated is called ________.

A) diffusionism
B) systems theory
C) diachronic theory
D) synchronic theory

Question 7

The creation of a new type of technology, often in response to a need to accomplish some task, is called ________.

A) intentionality
B) diffusion
C) acculturation
D) invention

Question 8

The presence of pyramids in both the Old and New Worlds is an example of ________.

A) diffusion
B) independent invention
C) a trade network
D) diaspora

Question 9

When new materials, technologies, or ideas are traded between cultures it is called ________.

A) diaspora
B) innovation
C) diffusion
D) acculturation

Question 10

The breaking up of a population into smaller groups that then disperse without replacing the existing population is called ________.

A) diaspora
B) migration
C) diffusion
D) acculturation

Question 11

The study of how languages developed, where they may have originated, and when they moved is called ________.

A) syncretism
B) diffusion
C) paleolinguistics
D) acculturation

Question 12

Archaeologists found evidence that Paleoindian culture first existed in South America about ________ years ago.

A) 1800
B) 6000
C) 53000
D) 11000

Question 13

Colin Renfrew has argued that Indo-European languages originated 8,000 years in a region that is now _________.

A) Turkey
B) Egypt
C) Greece
D) India

Question 14

A new ethnic group entering an area brings the following except for ________.

A) new artifact types
B) new burial patterns
C) new cranial capacities
D) new language and symbols

Question 15

What is the study called that examines cultural change as the result of direct selective processes on the variation of artifact types and frequencies, resulting in the change of those types and frequencies over time?

A) diffusion
B) evolutionary archaeology
C) systems theory
D) synchronism

Question 16

Direct contact between two groups or societies that leads to an exchange of cultural features while each group remains distinct is called ________.

A) acculturation
B) colonization
C) assimilation
D) syncretism

Question 17

When groups in direct contact are disproportionate in size or are very different culturally, the ________ tends to prevail.

A) smaller and less complex
B) more violent
C) group with the most extensive trade routes
D) larger and more complex

Question 18

Most ancient trade was ________.

A) lucrative
B) opportunistic
C) planned
D) involved large-scale networks

Question 19

One of the most extensive trade networks in the ancient world was that of the Silk Road between the Middle East and what is now ________.

A) China
B) India
C) Japan
D) Thailand

Question 20

Bantu languages dominated which continent?

A) Europe
B) South America
C) Asia
D) Africa

Question 21

The organized and sanctioned conflict between two societies is called ________.

A) diffusion
B) warfare
C) syncretism
D) acculturation

Question 22

Archaeological evidence from the battle at Little Bighorn in 1876 revealed that U.S. forces under the command of Lt. Col. George A. Custer did all except for which of the following?

A) were killed trying to escape
B) encountered a vastly superior force
C) ran out of bullets
D) were divided into separate groups

Question 23

How do archaeologists use systems theory to study change in a society?

Question 24

What is the differences between migration, diffusion, and diaspora?

Question 25

What are the limits to using evolutionary archaeology in studying change in an ancient group of people?

Question 26

Describe the different outcomes that are possible when two cultures come into contact.

Question 27

How does evidence of warfare show up in the archaeological record?