Deck 7: Quasi-Experimental Design

Question 1

In a quasi-experimental design, the researcher manipulates which variable?

A) dependent
B) independent
C) impartial
D) subsequential

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In a quasi-experimental design, how many control groups are there?

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The group not receiving the intervention is referred to as the ______ group.

A) control
B) comparison
C) placebo
D) decoy

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Because there is no random assignment, quasi-experimental design cannot be used to establish ______.

A) causality
B) facts
C) truth
D) realities

Question 5

______ refers to the selection of persons to include in the comparison group who are similar to those in the experimental group.

A) Categorizing
B) Organizing
C) Matching
D) Selecting

Question 6

Quasi-experimental designs are well-suited for ______ research, as they allow the researcher to examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variable.

A) explanatory
B) expensive
C) exparte
D) exploratory

Question 7

Quasi-experimental designs require researchers to propose research questions that examine the association between the ______ and dependent variable.

A) hypothesis
B) theory
C) interdependent
D) independent

Question 8

A ______ sampling strategy involves selecting persons from the target population because they are accessible to the researcher.

A) convenience
B) targeted
C) purposeful
D) realistic

Question 9

A ______ sampling strategy involves selecting persons from the target population because of their fit with the purpose of the study and inclusion criteria.

A) convenience
B) targeted
C) purposeful
D) realistic

Question 10

Which of the following research questions is a quasi-experimental design question?

A) Is green better than red regarding which color people most often prefer?
B) Is there an association between receiving job training and obtaining a job?
C) Do blondes have more fun than people with other hair colors?
D) Should families eat more chicken than they currently do?

Question 11

Which of the following would indicate a purposeful sampling strategy question?

A) Are you between the ages of 18 and 21?
B) Do you go to the mall often?
C) Are you available right now?
D) What time is it?

Question 12

Which of the following would indicate a convenience sampling strategy question?

A) Are you between the ages of 18 and 21?
B) Do you go to the mall often?
C) Are you available right now?
D) What time is it?

Question 13

Which study topic would make random assignment unethical?

A) taste testing chocolate bars
B) testing the effects of new bipolar medication
C) testing whether people enjoy a new hand cream
D) taste testing whether a new sweetener is too bitter to use in tea

Question 14

Which of the following could be part of an ethical quasi-experimental design study?

A) testing whether or not children like a new cereal
B) introducing a new workout program to single moms
C) introducing a dog program at a veteran's hospital to see if it impacts their mood
D) testing whether meditation benefits teenagers who cannot sleep

Question 15

How many groups are there in a non-equivalent comparison group design?

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three

Question 16

How many interventions are there in a non-equivalent comparison group design?

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three

Question 17

How many tests are there in a non-equivalent comparison group design?

A) zero
B) one
C) two
D) three

Question 18

Which of the following occurs when you see changes in an outcome because randomization was not used to form the groups and the groups were not equivalent at the outset?

A) selection bias
B) statistical bias
C) support error
D) shelf life error

Question 19

When participants' extreme low or high schores on the dependent variables impact the selection of the intervention group, this is known as ______.

A) statistical regression to the mode
B) scientific regression to the mean
C) scientific regression to the mode
D) statistical regression to the mean

Question 20

______ effect occurs when participants in the intervention group have an influence on participants in the comparison group.

A) Influential
B) Contamination
C) Beneficial
D) Redundant

Question 21

______ occurs when participants in the comparison group become aware of the intervention and feel that are being denied the benefits of such intervention and therefore do less well on the dependent variable than they would have outside of the experiment.

A) Resentful demoralization
B) Selection bias
C) Multiple treatment inference
D) Participant regression

Question 22

In a time-series design, what is interrupted by the implimentation of the intervention?

A) observation
B) research
C) pretest
D) posttest

Question 23

A time-series design can establish association between the intervention and the ______.

A) researcher
B) subject
C) outcome variable
D) income variable

Question 24

Changes in the target behavior due to the client recording her behavior are called ______.

A) reactivity
B) redundancy
C) reviewed studies
D) remission of information

Question 25

A change in the measure used to assess the dependent variable is called ______.

A) measurement alteration
B) additional measurement
C) instrumental interlude
D) instrumentation

Question 26

Why might a person's reactivity threaten a study's internal validity?

A) They change their behavior based on realizing others are observing them.
B) They prefer not to be observed as often as the study requires.
C) Researchers ask them to change their behavior to get better results.
D) The study ends early and the person goes home early.

Question 27

Which of the following history situations could threaten internal validity?

A) beginning an exercise routine the week after starting the study
B) taking the study drug as prescribed
C) being 10 min late for a study appointment
D) asking the researcher to call you by your middle name

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a natural experiment?

A) how quickly a city rebounds after a hurricane
B) whether Drug A worked better than Drug B
C) which football team has the best season
D) whether study participants sign their name in pen or in pencil

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of confounding?

A) losing weight while taking a study drug and exercising more often
B) turning left and then turning right on the way to a study
C) earning money and free lunch for participating in a study
D) liking one researcher but not liking another in the same study

Question 30

In the example OOOOOO X OOOOOO, when the O stands for observation, what does the X stand for?

A) observation break
B) it separates two separate clinical trials
C) the intervention
D) the change of researchers running the study

Question 31

If a trend line slope is significant, what can be inferred?

A) A mistake was made in the testing.
B) Intervention led to the outcome.
C) Researchers must rerun the tests.
D) The item being studied is of poor quality.

Question 32

In a natural experiment, which group selection process occurs?

A) organization
B) intentional
C) randomization
D) reunification

Question 33

Which of the following can best be evaluated via natural experiments?

A) how hurricanes impact childcare
B) which candy bar people prefer
C) whether people wear shorts or pants at the movies
D) how grocery shoppers move through a store

Question 34

When studying the impact of a policy intervention, which of the following groups should be compared?

A) people's behavior before the policy implementation and after the policy implementation
B) people's behavior before the policy implementation and those who complain about the policy
C) people's feelings about the policy and their behavior after the policy implementation
D) people's feelings about the policy before the policy implementation and whether they complain about the policy after implementation

Question 35

Natural experiments method is an appropriate way to evaluate Germany's parental level benefits program.

Question 36

Having two policies inacted simultaneously makes it more difficult to measure whether the natural experiment process led to one outcome.

Question 37

Cofounding is beneficial because having multiple possible causes of the outcome simply increase getting the outcome researchers want.

Question 38

Data from the natural experiment can be analyzed using a variety of inferential statistics.

Question 39

A time-series design is one where there is repeated measurement of the dependent variable prior to the implementation of the intervention and after the intervention has been implemented.

Question 40

How can quasi-experimental designs inform social work practice?

Question 41

What do natural experiments allow researchers to infer?

Question 42

What is the difference between purposeful and convenience sampling strategies?

Question 43

In a non-equivalent comparison group design, should there be a change in the posttest scores of the comparison group; why or why not?

Question 44

How might a social work intervention study minimize multiple treatment inference?