Deck 3: Culture and Gender

Question 1

Mindfulness is exhibited when

A) we are open to new information that focuses on the communication process
B) we strive to avoid stereotyping
C) we pick up signals that alert us to potential misunderstandings in intercultural transactions
D) all of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is not a difference between individualist and collectivist cultures?

A) self-promotion is encouraged in collectivist cultures
B) a low-context communication style is typical of individualist cultures
C) public-speaking skills are perceived as useful in an individualist culture
D) harmony is highly valued in collectivist cultures

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Values are

A) a learned set of enduring values, beliefs, and practices that are shared by an identifiable, large group of people with a common history
B) the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile thinking or behavior
C) what a person thinks is true or probable
D) a group of people who live in a dominant culture yet remain connected to another cultural heritage

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Low-power-distance cultures tend to be

A) North American
B) Scandinavian (Norway, Sweden, Finland)
C) West African
D) both a and b

Question 5

Because Australia is an individualist culture, you can deduce that Australia is also

A) a low-power-distance culture
B) a high-context communication culture
C) a high-power-distance culture
D) none of the above

Question 6

Feminine cultures tend to be

A) North American.
B) Scandinavian (Norway, Sweden, Finland).
C) African
D) both b and c

Question 7

Which of the following are correct statements about cultures?

A) Most of the world's population lives in ethnocentric cultures.
B) Only North American and Western European cultures are ethnocentric.
C) Every culture is ethnocentric to some degree.
D) All cultures believe that direct, explicit communication is preferable to indirect, implicit communication.

Question 8

Your cultural values encourage you to "sell yourself" during a job interview and to emphasize your personal accomplishments. You probably belong to a

A) highly collectivist culture
B) highly individualist culture
C) low-power-distance culture
D) both b and c

Question 9

You're a student at the local community college. The college president invites you for dinner at his and his wife's house. This situation is more likely to occur in

A) a collectivist culture
B) a low-power-distance culture
C) a high-power-distance culture
D) an individualist culture

Question 10

Multiculturalism means

A) customs, practices, rituals, and behaviors that do not dehumanize people should be viewed as different, not deficient
B) one group's culture has been absorbed into the dominant culture
C) some cultures are superior to other cultures
D) all of the above

Question 11

On meeting a person from another culture in your home during an informal get-together, you address that person by his first name, a common practice in the United States. The person responds negatively to this show of disrespect. This likely illustrates differences between

A) individualist and collectivist cultures
B) masculine and feminine cultures
C) low-power-distance and high-power-distance cultures
D) both a and c

Question 12

"I don't understand. Please explain what you mean." This is a statement typical of

A) a high-context communication style
B) a collectivist culture
C) a high-power-distance culture
D) a low-context communication style

Question 13

According to Hofstede's research,

A) masculine cultures expect females but not males to conform rigidly to stereotypic gender roles
B) feminine cultures treat women better than men
C) feminine cultures have no gender-role identification for men and women
D) feminine cultures have flexible, overlapping gender roles for males and females

Question 14

According to Hofstede's research

A) high-power-distance cultures attempt to flatten organizational hierarchies
B) low-power-distance cultures encourage students to disagree with teachers
C) low-power-distance cultures accept, even encourage status distinctions
D) cultures that are collectivist are also likely to be low-power-distance cultures

Question 15

There is a strong correlation between

A) low-context communication style and collectivist cultures
B) high-context communication style and low-power-distance cultures
C) individualist cultures and high-power-distance cultures
D) collectivist cultures and high-power-distance cultures

Question 16

Which of the following are correct statements?

A) Values of a culture are the culture's set of beliefs.
B) Beliefs and values are really the same thing.
C) Values are the most deeply felt, generally shared views of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile behavior or thinking.
D) Beliefs are the most deeply felt, generally shared views of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile behavior or thinking.

Question 17

Which of the following are correct statements about individualist and collectivist cultures?

A) Individualist cultures value self-promotion.
B) Collectivist cultures value public-speaking skills.
C) Collectivist cultures value self-expression and speaking ability.
D) Individualist cultures value indirect verbal expression (reading between the lines).

Question 18

Uncertainty Reduction Theory argues that

A) when strangers from different cultures meet this will likely decrease the uncertainty about their communication
B) uncertainty increases anxiety in intercultural situations
C) culture shock is a good thing because it wakes us up to cultural differences
D) all of the above

Question 19

According to Tannen, all of the following are true except

A) men emphasize status, and women emphasize connection in conversation
B) men focus on connection, and women focus on interdependence in mixed-sex conversation
C) men focus on establishing connection with others, and women focus on achieving status in mixed-sex conversations
D) men focus on control, and women focus on power in mixed-sex conversations

Question 20

The notion that we understand events and occurrences from our own social location is

A) a stereotype
B) ethnocentrism
C) cultural relativism
D) multiculturalism

Question 21

Which of the following terms means what a person thinks is true or probable?

A) value
B) belief
C) custom
D) none of the above

Question 22

A individualist culture has what type of orientation?

A) We
B) Us
C) Them
D) none of the above

Question 23

No culture is entirely individualist or collectivist.

Question 24

Collectivist cultures have a We-orientation, and individualist cultures have a Me-orientation.

Question 25

Individualist cultures tend to be more competitive than collectivist cultures.

Question 26

Cultural values are highly in flux.

Question 27

You are more likely to find a "self-help" section in a bookstore in an individualist rather than a collectivist culture.

Question 28

We should accept all the practices, norms, and rituals of another culture without evaluation; otherwise we would be ethnocentric.

Question 29

Individuals from different cultures who live in the United States should try to assimilate into the American culture.

Question 30

Because Hofstede's research was conducted in the 1960s and '70s, conclusions drawn from the data are no longer valid.

Question 31

Tannen's model of gender differences in communication should replace the dominance perspective of the feminists because it is more accurate.

Question 32

Cultures can be examined over time because they are relatively stable.

Question 33

High-power-distance countries place a relatively strong emphasis on maintaining power differences.

Question 34

African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and Mexican Americans are some examples of countercultures within the United States.

Question 35

Individualist cultures typically use a low-context style

Question 36

Americans are more likely to favor an orderly society than are Asian cultures.

Question 37

Socialization is used to create a common system of thought for a culture.

Question 38

Harmony is highly regarded in individualist societies.