Question 1

Which of the following statements describes the idea of prevention principle the best?&#10;A) Deal with the waste as soon as possible.&#10;B) Better to avoid the production of any waste than deal with it at any point.&#10;C) Convert the waste into a raw material.

Accepted Answer

The prevention principle emphasizes the importance of avoiding the production of waste in the first place, rather than dealing with its disposal or recycling after it has been created. This approach is considered the most effective way to minimize the impact of waste on the environment.

Question 2

You have a reaction that yields 65% of the product and has a 70% atom economy. What can you suggest?&#10;A) Nothing to suggest: good yield and atom economy.&#10;B) Focus on finding a process that could increase the yield.&#10;C) Try to find a new reaction that would have higher yield and at least the same (if not better) atom economy.

Accepted Answer

The reaction has a moderate yield and atom economy. Improving both aspects could lead to a more efficient and sustainable process.

Question 3

The third principle of green chemistry focuses on hazardous chemicals. This means that:&#10;A) We should design less hazardous products&#10;B) We should avoid hazardous chemicals in any part of the process and in final products.&#10;C) We should use less hazardous feedstock.

Accepted Answer

The third principle of green chemistry emphasizes the importance of avoiding hazardous chemicals throughout the entire process and in the final products to minimize potential harm to human health and the environment.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of the product that should be replaced with a safer one?&#10;A) Hydrofluorocarbons&#10;B) Chlorofluorocarbons&#10;C) DDT

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 5

What are ionic liquids?&#10;A) Molten ionic compounds such as NaCl&#10;B) Solutions containing high concentration of ions.&#10;C) Ionic compounds that are liquid at ambient conditions due to very low lattice energies.

Accepted Answer

Ionic liquids are ionic compounds that are liquid at ambient conditions, characterized by their low lattice energies which prevent the formation of a solid crystalline structure at room temperature.

Question 6

If you want to design a more energy efficient process, which factor(s) would you pay special attention to?
(i) reaction temperature
(ii) reaction pressure
(iii) reactant flow

A) (i) and (ii)
B) (i) only
C) (i) and (iii)

Accepted Answer

Both reaction temperature and pressure significantly affect the energy efficiency of a process. Lowering the temperature and pressure can reduce energy consumption.

Question 7

Many products in use today are based on organic polymers (such as PVC, for example) that require oil for raw materials. Why would you consider changing organic plastic products and what might be alternatives?

A) Organic plastic products do not have good physical properties; possible alternative are P-N polymers.
B) Oil is a non-renewable source and plastic is not easily degradable. Some plastic materials could be replaced with silicone polymers because they are not hazardous.
C) We should use oil for energy. Possible replacement are B-N polymers because B-N bond is isoelectronic with C-C bond and many organic compounds already have well-established B-N analogues.

Accepted Answer

Oil is a non-renewable resource, and most conventional plastics derived from it are not easily biodegradable, contributing to environmental pollution. Silicone polymers are suggested as alternatives because they are less hazardous and have unique properties that can make them suitable substitutes for certain applications.

Question 8

Based on green chemistry principles, what are some of the major issues with use of organic solvents in industry?
(i) They are generally flammable and thus present a hazard.
(ii) They are generally extracted from oil, a non-renewable source.
(iii) They are not easy to distill and hence reuse.

A) (i) and (ii)
B) (i) and (iii)
C) (ii) and (iii)

Accepted Answer

(i) Organic solvents are often flammable, posing significant safety risks in industrial settings. (ii) Many organic solvents are derived from petroleum, a non-renewable resource, which raises sustainability concerns.

Question 9

Besides being of pure scientific interest, what is important about photochemical reactions from the point of view of green chemistry?&#10;A) Photochemical reactions use renewable energy for the reaction.&#10;B) Photochemical reactions do not require a catalyst.&#10;C) Generally, photochemical reactions have a better yield.

Accepted Answer

Photochemical reactions utilize light (often sunlight) as a source of energy, making them align with green chemistry principles by using renewable energy sources.

Question 10

Is there a difference between &#34;a risk&#34; and &#34;a hazard&#34;?&#10;A) There is no difference, the two words are synonyms.&#10;B) Yes: something is &#34;hazardous&#34; if it has a potential to harm, &#34;a risk&#34; is a likelihood of a hazard doing harm.&#10;C) Yes: something is &#34;risky&#34; if it has a potential to harm, &#34;a hazard&#34; is a likelihood of harm happening.

Accepted Answer

B is correct because a hazard refers to something that has the potential to cause harm, while risk assesses the likelihood that the hazard will actually cause harm.

Deck 25: Green Chemistry