Deck 3: Data Visualization Techniques: Ways of Understanding Data Distributions

Question 1

Which of the following would best depict nominal level data?

A) bar chart
B) line graph
C) histogram
D) polygon

Answer 1

A

Question 2

If you ask respondents to your questionnaire what political party they identify with, you would use a ______ to illustrate the data collected for this variable.

A) frequency polygon
B) histogram
C) pie chart
D) line graph

Answer 2

C

Question 3

If you ask individuals about the number of people they know that have been incarcerated, you would use a ______ to illustrate the data collected for this variable.

A) frequency polygon
B) histogram
C) pie chart
D) bar chart

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The difference between a pie and a bar chart is ______.

A) a bar chart is for interval/ratio variables
B) a pie chart is for interval/ratio variables
C) a pie chart is superior to a bar chart for nominal/ordinal variables
D) none of the above

Question 5

A researcher using a measure at the ratio level would use a ______ to illustrate the data.

A) histogram
B) bar chart
C) polygon
D) pie chart

Question 6

______ groups the values of an interval or ratio level variable into a smaller number of intervals and illustrates the frequencies and percentages for the groups.

A) Frequency distribution
B) Grouped frequency distribution
C) Cumulative distribution
D) Cumulative frequency distribution

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT required for a grouped frequency distribution (only one answer)?

A) same-class interval width
B) exhaustive class intervals
C) mutually exclusive class intervals
D) use of at least 7 class intervals

Question 8

Class intervals in a grouped frequency distribution that do not overlap with other intervals are ______.

A) exhaustive
B) mutually exclusive
C) provides all values
D) not required

Question 9

A value of a variable that is halfway between the top of an interval and the bottom of the next interval is ______.

A) the stated class limit
B) the real lower limit
C) the real upper limit
D) the real limit

Question 10

Values that are the lowest and highest in an interval are ______.

A) the stated class limit
B) the real lower limit
C) the real upper limit
D) the real limit

Question 11

Given the following grouped distribution, what would the real upper limit be for the group of 106-108? $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}\hline \text { Class Limits } & \underline{f} & \frac{\%}{} \\\hline 100-102 & 15 & 31.25 \\\hline 103-105 & 12 & 25 \\\hline 106-108 & 8 & 16.67 \\\hline 109-111 & 7 & 14.58 \\\hline 112-114 & 4 & 8.33 \\\hline 115 \text { and higher } & \underline{2} & \underline{4.12} \\\hline \text { Total N } & & 48 \\\hline\end{array}$

A) 108.0
B) 108.05
C) 108.49
D) 108.5

Question 12

The following equation, $\frac{\text { Lower limit }+\text { Upper limit }}{2}$ , represents ______.

A) estimated interval width
B) midpoint of class limit
C) ratio change score
D) percent change score

Question 13

When a distribution has a long left tail, it is said to be ______.

A) normally distributed
B) positively skewed
C) negatively skewed
D) inversely skewed

Question 14

When a distribution has a long right tail, it is said to be ______.

A) normally distributed
B) positively skewed
C) negatively skewed
D) inversely skewed

Question 15

When collecting surveys about the number of offenses people commit, you find that 60% committed zero offenses and the other 40% committed between 1 and 10 offenses. The shape of this distribution would be ______.

A) normally distributed
B) positively skewed
C) negatively skewed
D) inversely skewed

Question 16

A researcher would use a pie chart to illustrate the level of security inmates in her/his survey are in.

Question 17

A researcher would use a histogram for the variable "number of times arrested."

Question 18

Class intervals must be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.

Question 19

A distribution that has outliers at the right end of the distribution is likely to be positively skewed.

Question 20

In a survey you conduct, 80% of respondents say they have never been the victim of a crime while the rest state they have been the victim of a crime 10-20 times. This distribution is likely to be negatively skewed.

Question 21

Discuss the different types of graphical representations (pie charts, bar charts, histograms, and polygons). What are the levels of measurement that can be used with each type of graphical representation?

Question 22

What is the difference between a grouped and ungroup frequency distribution? Give an example that is not in the textbook of when you would want to use a grouped frequency distribution. Give an example that is not in the textbook of when you would want to use an ungrouped frequency distribution.

Question 23

Discuss a normal distribution, a positively skewed distribution, and a negatively skewed distribution.

Question 24

Using the following table to graph the number of months one has been incarcerated. Is the distribution normally distributed, positively skewed, or negatively skewed? Why?