Deck 13: Law and Terrorism: Domestic and International Legal Regimes

Question 1

What refers to the laws, legal structures, and binding authorities that define the possible actions governments can take in response to the issues of terrorism and homeland security?

A) Executive Orders
B) Legal Regimes
C) Regional Conventions
D) Presidential Directives

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Who does ultimate responsibility for national security typically rest with?

A) The people
B) The Senate, and to some extent the rest of the legislative branch
C) The President and his executive branch
D) The Supreme Court

Answer 2

C

Question 3

One of the most significant challenges in developing laws to deal with terrorism and homeland security concerns in a democracy is to balance

A) the will of the people and the will of their representatives.
B) the need for security with respect for constitutional and civil liberties.
C) what is right with what is easy.
D) the needs of the many and the needs of the few.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Whose consent does the President need to enter into treaties with foreign governments?

A) The Supreme Court
B) The Senate
C) His top advisors
D) The House of Representatives

Question 5

Secretary of Homeland Security Johnson believes that

A) freedom is not worth the lives that terrorists take.
B) no security measures are good enough to stop terrorists anyway.
C) we should not trade freedom for security - to do so would sacrifice who we are.
D) creating a few exceptions to get rid of a few terrorists would not be such a bad thing, but it can't get out of hand.

Question 6

What explains why the United Nations has no definition on terrorism?

A) Special interest groups for the media prefer to televise the debates and send lobbyists to make sure they continue.
B) Many nations gained their independence through what may have been considered terrorist attacks and tactics and are now members of the United Nations.
C) To define terrorism would be to limit what can be called terrorism, so it is advantageous to make it a vague concept.
D) The lack of serious terrorism lately has caused them to move on to other, more important issues.

Question 7

What was the Homeland Security Act of 2002?

A) It was designed to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism, and minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States.
B) It created a board designed to coordinate and have cognizance of Federal efforts and programs that relate to the protection of information systems key to critical infrastructure protection.
C) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.
D) It attempted to deal with all aspects of WMD threats, but it did have a focus on changing our approach to biological threats, which had traditionally been similar to our approach to dealing with chemical threats.

Question 8

The anthrax attacks against media and congressional offices in Washington D.C. and Florida caused Congress to develop which bill?

A) HSPD-4, the National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
B) Homeland Security Act of 2002
C) USA Patriot Act
D) HSPD-9, Defense of United States Agriculture and Food

Question 9

What was HSPD-4, the National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)?

A) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.
B) It attempted to deal with all aspects of WMD threats, but it did have a focus on changing our approach to biological threats, which had traditionally been similar to our approach to dealing with chemical threats.
C) It was designed to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism, and minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States.
D) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.

Question 10

What was the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878?

A) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.
B) It was designed to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism, and minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States.
C) It created a board designed to coordinate and have cognizance of Federal efforts and programs that relate to the protection of information systems key to critical infrastructure protection.
D) It forbids the use of military forces for the purposes of domestic law enforcement.

Question 11

The National Guard and the Coast Guard fall under the jurisdiction of the armed forces and are considered active duty military and are therefore unable to be used domestically.

Question 12

As the U.S. has faced an increased threat of mass casualty attacks at home, especially involving the use of WMD agents, there has been a growing debate among politicians and government policy-makers and scholars over what role, if any, the U.S. military should take in domestic operations.

Question 13

Since Northern Command's creation, the command has been unable to assist in domestic operations due to laws preventing the U.S. Military from working on U.S. soil.

Question 14

The network of facilities that provide such basic items as power, water, food, and transportation and that allow a modern society to function on a day-to-day basis best describes which of the following terms?

A) Code of Federal Regulations
B) Critical Infrastructure
C) Perceived Legal Environment
D) Objective Legal Environment

Question 15

What is the Executive Order on Critical Infrastructure Protection in the Information Age?

A) It attempts to set standard federal guidelines for the issuance of drivers licenses in an effort to ensure their validity and security.
B) It created a board designed to coordinate and have cognizance of Federal efforts and programs that relate to the protection of information systems key to critical infrastructure protection.
C) It establishes a national policy to defend the agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies
D) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.

Question 16

What was HSPD-9, Defense of United States Agriculture and Food?

A) It has the authority to order quarantine or isolation, impose travel restrictions, or require inoculations or medical examinations.
B) It establishes a national policy to defend the agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies
C) It is designed to prevent both intentional and unintentional contamination of the U.S. food supply using enhanced regulatory authorities to focus on prevention rather than relying on response after contamination has taken place
D) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.

Question 17

HSPD-9 lists several means to achieve its goal. One of these means is enhancing screening procedures for domestic and imported products.

Question 18

Despite an honest effort from lawmakers, the FDA remains unimpressed with the Food Safety Modernization Act.

Question 19

What is the Food Safety Modernization Act?

A) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.
B) It is designed to prevent both intentional and unintentional contamination of the U.S. food supply using enhanced regulatory authorities to focus on prevention rather than relying on response after contamination has taken place
C) It establishes a national policy to defend the agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies
D) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.

Question 20

What was Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)?

A) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.
B) It was designed to provide market incentives to pharmaceutical and other biotechnology companies to engage in vaccine research and to ensure a market for new vaccines by providing for government purchase. It also provided for expedited funding and approval procedures.
C) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.
D) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.

Question 21

The procedures and policies used to deal with the detainees were based on a series of statutes such as the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005, the Authorization for the Use of Military Force of 2001, and the Military Commissions Act of 2006.

Question 22

Requests for federal aid (especially military) and for federal disaster declarations must be made from the Governor to the President. However, in an emergency, the White House can issue disaster or emergency declarations absent such a request.

Question 23

What was the Disaster Relief Act?

A) All of the functions and authority of the 1974 Act were placed under the director of the new Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
B) It was an amendment to a previous act to require all states to include long and short term hazard mitigation plans in their emergency response strategies, specifically requiring attention to both natural and man-made disasters.
C) It amended the 1974 Act to establish the framework for federal disaster assistance including requirements for requesting assistance, the type of assistance available, and the role of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
D) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.

Question 24

What is the "all-hazards" approach to emergency management?

A) Even when threats by individuals or smaller terrorist groups are made, they are still taken very seriously and investigated to evaluate their validity.
B) People are made aware of all the potential hazards to health through outlets such as the media in an effort to promote governmental transparency.
C) It is the idea that the same capacities, response, and recovery plans can be applied to all different types of disasters whether natural or man-made.
D) Once an emergency has taken place, the all-hazards approach is to throw as many agencies and governmental organizations at it, sparing no expense to save lives.

Question 25

What was Executive Order 12148: Federal Emergency Management?

A) It attempted to clarify the relationship between counterterrorism response and emergency management by designating lead agencies for crisis management (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and consequence management (FEMA) in response to dealing with a terrorist attack.
B) It was an amendment to a previous act to require all states to include long and short term hazard mitigation plans in their emergency response strategies, specifically requiring attention to both natural and man-made disasters.
C) All of the functions and authority of the 1974 Act were placed under the director of the new Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
D) It amended the 1974 Act to establish the framework for federal disaster assistance including requirements for requesting assistance, the type of assistance available, and the role of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

Question 26

What is the Stafford Act?

A) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.
B) It amended the 1974 Act to establish the framework for federal disaster assistance including requirements for requesting assistance, the type of assistance available, and the role of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
C) All of the functions and authority of the 1974 Act were placed under the director of the new Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
D) It was an amendment to a previous act to require all states to include long and short term hazard mitigation plans in their emergency response strategies, specifically requiring attention to both natural and man-made disasters.

Question 27

What was the Disaster Mitigation Act?

A) It amended the 1974 Act to establish the framework for federal disaster assistance including requirements for requesting assistance, the type of assistance available, and the role of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
B) The first law to formalize federal disaster relief to both States and individuals and families in one place. It also created the authority for the President to issue emergency declarations.
C) It was an amendment to a previous act to require all states to include long and short term hazard mitigation plans in their emergency response strategies, specifically requiring attention to both natural and man-made disasters.
D) It attempted to clarify the relationship between counterterrorism response and emergency management by designating lead agencies for crisis management (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and consequence management (FEMA) in response to dealing with a terrorist attack.

Question 28

What was the Presidential Decision Declaration 69: US Policy on Counterterrorism?

A) It attempted to clarify the relationship between counterterrorism response and emergency management by designating lead agencies for crisis management (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and consequence management (FEMA) in response to dealing with a terrorist attack.
B) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.
C) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.
D) All of the functions and authority of the 1974 Act were placed under the director of the new Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of crisis management?

A) A terrorist attack happens. The police and FBI work together to investigate it, find the group responsible and punish them.
B) A terrorist attack happens, and the government tells the media to avoid using scare tactics to blow it out of proportion.
C) In the middle of a terrorist attack, a suicide bomber gets "cold feet" and asks the government for help.
D) Following a terrorist attack, the group issues more threats, which are prevented, while the Red Cross and other organizations are at the terrorist attack site providing medical care for those that need it.

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of consequence management?

A) A terrorist attack happens, and the government tells the media to avoid using scare tactics to blow it out of proportion.
B) A terrorist attack happens. The police and FBI work together to investigate it, find the group responsible and punish them.
C) In the middle of a terrorist attack, a suicide bomber gets "cold feet" and asks the government for help.
D) Following a terrorist attack, the group issues more threats, which are prevented, while the Red Cross and other organizations are at the terrorist attack site providing medical care for those that need it.

Question 31

What is the Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act?

A) It attempts to set standard federal guidelines for the issuance of drivers licenses in an effort to ensure their validity and security.
B) It is aimed at the need to develop and stockpile medical countermeasures necessary to treat victims of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive agents.
C) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.
D) It was designed to provide market incentives to pharmaceutical and other biotechnology companies to engage in vaccine research and to ensure a market for new vaccines by providing for government purchase. It also provided for expedited funding and approval procedures.

Question 32

What is the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act?

A) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.
B) This law deals with a wide ranging array of issues, some specific to terrorism, other more broadly related to criminal procedure issues such as procedures to reform habeus corpus proceedings to lessen the amount of time death row inmates can spend appealing their sentences.
C) It attempted to clarify the relationship between counterterrorism response and emergency management by designating lead agencies for crisis management (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and consequence management (FEMA) in response to dealing with a terrorist attack.
D) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.

Question 33

What is the USA Patriot Act?

A) It attempts to set standard federal guidelines for the issuance of drivers licenses in an effort to ensure their validity and security.
B) It attempted to clarify the relationship between counterterrorism response and emergency management by designating lead agencies for crisis management (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and consequence management (FEMA) in response to dealing with a terrorist attack.
C) This law deals with a wide ranging array of issues, some specific to terrorism, other more broadly related to criminal procedure issues such as procedures to reform habeus corpus proceedings to lessen the amount of time death row inmates can spend appealing their sentences.
D) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.

Question 34

What is the Real ID program?

A) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.
B) It attempts to set standard federal guidelines for the issuance of drivers licenses in an effort to ensure their validity and security.
C) It created a board designed to coordinate and have cognizance of Federal efforts and programs that relate to the protection of information systems key to critical infrastructure protection.
D) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.

Question 35

What is the Public Health Services Act?

A) It establishes a national policy to defend the agriculture and food system against terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies
B) This law implemented changes to the security layout of airports and access to the boarding areas was limited to ticketed passengers. New restrictions were placed on the carrying of any objects that could be used as a weapon on to a plane, including the box-cutter type devices that were used to hijack the four planes on 9-11, among many other changes.
C) It has the authority to order quarantine or isolation, impose travel restrictions, or require inoculations or medical examinations.
D) It deals with the ability of U.S. authorities to control the possession, storage, and spread of dangerous pathogens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is required to maintain a list of select agents that pose a threat to public health and safety.

Question 36

What is the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act?

A) It is aimed at the need to develop and stockpile medical countermeasures necessary to treat victims of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive agents.
B) This was aimed at addressing the ability of the U.S. public health system to provide mass casualty care following any significant terrorist attack, whether related to weapons of mass destruction or not.
C) This law implemented changes to the security layout of airports and access to the boarding areas was limited to ticketed passengers. New restrictions were placed on the carrying of any objects that could be used as a weapon on to a plane, including the box-cutter type devices that were used to hijack the four planes on 9-11, among many other changes.
D) It deals with the ability of U.S. authorities to control the possession, storage, and spread of dangerous pathogens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is required to maintain a list of select agents that pose a threat to public health and safety.

Question 37

What is the Homeland Security Presidential Directive-18: Medical Countermeasures Against Weapons of Mass Destruction?

A) This was aimed at addressing the ability of the U.S. public health system to provide mass casualty care following any significant terrorist attack, whether related to weapons of mass destruction or not.
B) It is aimed at the need to develop and stockpile medical countermeasures necessary to treat victims of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive agents.
C) It deals with the ability of U.S. authorities to control the possession, storage, and spread of dangerous pathogens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is required to maintain a list of select agents that pose a threat to public health and safety.
D) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.

Question 38

What is the Homeland Security Presidential Directive-21: Public Health and Medical Preparedness?

A) This was aimed at addressing the ability of the U.S. public health system to provide mass casualty care following any significant terrorist attack, whether related to weapons of mass destruction or not.
B) It deals with the ability of U.S. authorities to control the possession, storage, and spread of dangerous pathogens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is required to maintain a list of select agents that pose a threat to public health and safety.
C) It is aimed at the need to develop and stockpile medical countermeasures necessary to treat victims of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive agents.
D) It was designed to provide market incentives to pharmaceutical and other biotechnology companies to engage in vaccine research and to ensure a market for new vaccines by providing for government purchase. It also provided for expedited funding and approval procedures.

Question 39

What is the Project BioShield Act?

A) This was aimed at addressing the ability of the U.S. public health system to provide mass casualty care following any significant terrorist attack, whether related to weapons of mass destruction or not.
B) It responded to concerns following the Oklahoma City bombing and the sarin gas attacks about the poor state of capabilities in the U.S to deal with WMD attacks, especially at the state level.
C) It was designed to provide market incentives to pharmaceutical and other biotechnology companies to engage in vaccine research and to ensure a market for new vaccines by providing for government purchase. It also provided for expedited funding and approval procedures.
D) Previously, the DHS was authorized to regulate chemical facility security. This was issued to implement that authorization.

Question 40

Responses to public health emergencies have always been on time. There exists no ambiguity over fundamental issues about who is responsible for what.

Question 41

What is the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA)?

A) It has the authority to order quarantine or isolation, impose travel restrictions, or require inoculations or medical examinations.
B) It deals with the ability of U.S. authorities to control the possession, storage, and spread of dangerous pathogens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is required to maintain a list of select agents that pose a threat to public health and safety.
C) It updated wiretap and warrant laws that had not taken into consideration the explosion of email, text messaging, social networks, and other internet-based communications, and also expanded the definition of terrorist organizations to those supporting groups engaged in acts of violence and significantly increased reporting requirements for banking and other financial institutions.
D) This law implemented changes to the security layout of airports and access to the boarding areas was limited to ticketed passengers. New restrictions were placed on the carrying of any objects that could be used as a weapon on to a plane, including the box-cutter type devices that were used to hijack the four planes on 9-11, among many other changes.

Question 42

Though few successful attacks since 2001 have occurred in the United States, passengers and the airlines are still much more concerned with security than with ease and economic viability of air travel.

Question 43

The more countries involved in a convention (universal), the more narrow the focus of the topic (sectoral rather than comprehensive)

Question 44

What do the United Nations Security Council resolutions against Al Queda have in common with those against Libya and Sudan?

A) The resolutions had measures only against the leaders - anyone found supporting Al Queda, Libya, or Sudan could probably avoid punishment.
B) They were targeted against a single state, in this case Afghanistan, and the group its government harbored and supported.
C) Most of the funding for the resolutions comes from the Middle East.
D) The resolutions against Al Queda were not applied only to Al Queda - they were more general and opposed terrorist groups. Likewise, the resolutions against Libya and Sudan shared this generality.

Question 45

What makes SC Resolution 1373 different from previous resolutions?

A) It was too extreme in its anti-terrorism measures and was shut down before voting could begin.
B) The resolution failed to bring about the end of terrorism where previous resolutions had succeeded.
C) It was not directed against a single government; instead, it required member states to take broad, far-reaching steps to combat terrorism.
D) In effect, the Geneva Convention was amended and this resolution outlined in what circumstances it could be nullified.

Question 46

Do you support the Real ID act or a measure like it? What are three reasons why it is a good idea or why it is not a good idea?

Question 47

How does following the Rule of Law help to diminish terrorism? Why is it under attack?