Deck 4: Police Strategies

Question 1

The SARA model stands for __________.

A) sound, accuracy, response, aim
B) scope, aim, response, accuracy
C) scanning, assessment, response, analysis
D) none of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is included under SCANNING in the SARA model?

A) Identifying recurring problems of concern to the public and the police and prioritizing those problems.
B) Research what is known about the problem type and narrow the scope of the problem as specifically as possible.
C) Search for what other communities with similar problems have done and carry out the planned activities.
D) Determine whether the plan was implemented and whether broad goals were attained.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment found that __________.

A) increased patrol reduces crime
B) increased patrol reduces disorder
C) both a and b
D) none of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is included under ANALYSIS in the SARA model?

A) Stating the specific objectives for the response plan and searching for what other communities with similar problems have done
B) Research what is known about the problem type and identify and understand the events and conditions that precede and accompany the problem
C) Identify new strategies needed to augment the original plan and determine whether the plan was implemented
D) Selecting problems for closer examination and confirming that the problem exists

Question 5

Research on differential police response indicates that it __________.

A) reduces citizens' feelings of safety
B) reduces costs and improves effectiveness
C) does not reduce citizens' level of satisfaction
D) both b and c

Question 6

This approach emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to the specific characteristics of the crime problem being addressed-it rejects any one-size-fits-all thinking:

A) Team policing
B) Foot patrol
C) Positive interaction
D) Situational crime prevention

Question 7

What was the first police department to utilize team policing in 1968?

A) Los Angeles
B) New York City
C) Boston
D) Syracuse

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Problem-oriented policing is the same as community policing.
B) The aim of problem-oriented policing is to repair and improve police-community relations.
C) The aim of problem-oriented policing is to identify and reduce all kinds of chronic crime and disorder problems.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 9

Case screening is __________.

A) review of cases by citizens to determine whether they are crimes
B) a method used to screen out cases with a very low probability of being solved so that detectives can concentrate on more promising cases
C) a method of review that gives great weight to the presence of solvability factors
D) both b and c

Question 10

The more densely populated an area __________.

A) the more likely foot patrol would be ineffective
B) the more likely foot patrol would be effective
C) foot patrol should not be considered
D) none of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is true of community policing?

A) Citizens should have open access to police organizations.
B) Access may be available through elected officials.
C) Citizens should have input to police policies and decisions.
D) All of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following is a true statement?

A) Many police agencies implemented community policing only half-heartedly.
B) Federal financial support for community policing is greatly diminished from the levels seen in the 1990s.
C) Many people take community policing for granted.
D) All of the above are true statements.

Question 13

Which of the following is a key ingredient of the geographic focus?

A) Citizen input
B) Supervision
C) Research
D) Permanency of assignment

Question 14

The problem-solving approach of community policing should be characterized by several important features. Which of the following should be included?

A) It should be empirical.
B) It should emphasize apprehension.
C) It should emphasize the legalistic style.
D) All of the above

Question 15

What is the BEST way to achieve citizen input?

A) Periodic community surveys
B) Town meetings
C) Citizen advisory boards
D) There is NO best way

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE of the broken-windows thesis?

A) Motor patrol officers pay more attention to disorderly behavior and to minor offenses than do foot patrol officers.
B) Foot patrol officers have more opportunity than motor patrol officers to control street disorder and reassure ordinary citizens.
C) Foot patrol officers are likely to ignore vagrants, panhandlers, and noisy juveniles since it is not considered major crime.
D) All of the above are TRUE statements of the broken-windows thesis.

Question 17

This method seeks improvement in doors, windows, locks, alarms, and lighting that make illegal entry into homes more difficult and more time-consuming:

A) Citizen input
B) Community relations
C) Public safety
D) Target hardening

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the problem-solving approach?

A) It should be the standard operating method of policing
B) It should be practiced by personnel throughout the ranks
C) It should involve, whenever possible, collaboration between police and other agencies and institutions
D) All of the above are features of the problem-solving approach

Question 19

What does CPTED stand for?

A) Crime Prevention To End Deterrence
B) Certain Patrol Techniques Envision Drunk Drivers
C) Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
D) None of the above

Question 20

The effectiveness of community policing has been extremely difficult to determine. Which of the following is a possible reason for this difficulty?

A) Multiple effects
B) Programmatic complexity
C) Research design limitations
D) All of the above

Question 21

Problem-oriented policing is especially concerned with improving the relationship between police and minority citizens and communities.

Question 22

Community policing embraces the narrow view of the police function rather than the broad focus on crime fighting or law enforcement.

Question 23

Community policing is a philosophy, not a program.

Question 24

The techniques used to achieve citizen input should be more important than the end result.

Question 25

Many observers believe that the abandonment of foot patrol by American police during the mid-1900s had a positive impact on police-citizen relations because police were distanced from the citizens.

Question 26

Under the SARA model, assessment would involve narrowing the scope of the problem as specifically as possible.

Question 27

Under community policing, officers are asked to consider the "will of the community" when deciding which laws to enforce under what circumstances.

Question 28

Choosing among the alternative interventions is part of the response under the SARA model.

Question 29

Identifying recurring problems of concern to the public and the police is part of analysis under the SARA model.

Question 30

Community crime prevention is based on the assumption that if a community can be changed, so can the behavior of those who live there.

Question 31

There exists no single definition of community policing or any universal set of program elements.

Question 32

A limitation of community policing is that there is little evidence that it enhances community processes in ways that would be expected to subsequently reduce fear, disorder, and crime.

Question 33

Research has had a meaningful impact on police practices during the second half of the 20th century.

Question 34

During the 1980s, the police became more political, reactive, and assertive in an effort to deal with citizens' fear of crime.

Question 35

The philosophical dimension of community policing includes the central ideas and beliefs underlying community policing.

Question 36

Community policing is the logical combination of more than 30 years of police effectiveness research and decades of experimentation with police-community relation programs, crime prevention strategies, and team policing.

Question 37

The more densely populated an area, the more likely that foot patrol can be used effectively.

Question 38

Community crime prevention and community policing are the same.

Question 39

Community policing emphasizes a reactive approach that conforms to the professional model.

Question 40

Removing trash and graffiti is one strategy of CPTED.

Question 41

Explain problem-oriented policing.

Question 42

Discuss the limitations of community policing.

Question 43

The authors list three dimensions of community policing. List those three dimensions and discuss several of the central ideas of each dimension.

Question 44

List and describe the four steps of the problem-solving process.

Question 45

Community policing has three dimensions: the philosophical dimension, the strategic dimension, and the tactical dimension. Describe each of these dimensions.

Question 46

Matching
-Broad police function

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 47

Matching
-Citizen input

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 48

Matching
-Community policing

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 49

Matching
-Personal service

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 50

Matching
-Prevention emphasis

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 51

Matching
-Target hardening

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 52

Matching
-Problem-solving

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 53

Matching
-Broken windows

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 54

Matching
-Situational crime prevention

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data

Question 55

Matching
-Predictive policing

A) Increased use of civilians and volunteers in various aspects of policing
B) Make illegal entry into homes and businesses more difficult
C) The police mission is seen to include resolving conflict, helping victims, and preventing accidents
D) Emphasizes the necessity of tailoring crime prevention responses to characteristics of the crime
E) Avoids "stranger policing"
F) Policing should address causes as well as symptoms
G) Achieved through surveys, town meetings, and radio call-in programs
H) Giving more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses
I) Calls for a more proactive orientation and looking beyond individual incidents
J) A police strategy with the goal of anticipation, quick response, and, if possible, prevention through the use of data