Question 1

In the learning model of OCD, which of the following is thought to maintain compulsive behavior?&#10;A) Operant conditioning&#10;B) Punishment&#10;C) Negative expressed emotion&#10;D) An excess of postsynaptic serotonin receptors

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning is thought to maintain compulsive behavior in OCD because the compulsions are negatively reinforced when they temporarily reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions.

Question 2

Which of the following is not characteristic of compulsions in OCD?&#10;A) They reduce anxiety when performed.&#10;B) They can often be linked to obsessional thoughts.&#10;C) They are done in a mechanical and automatic way.&#10;D) Individuals often have insight into the excessive and irrational nature of their compulsive behavior.

Accepted Answer

Compulsions in OCD are not typically performed in a mechanical and automatic way; they are deliberate actions intended to reduce anxiety associated with obsessions.

Question 3

SSRIs are currently the most effective treatment for OCD, at least in so far as symptom reduction is concerned.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 4

Habituation is ...&#10;A) When family members accommodate an OCD individual's obsessions and compulsions, and thereby maintain them.&#10;B) When anxiety decreases after repeated exposure to a feared stimulus without the performance of compulsive behavior.&#10;C) What differentiates OCD from trichotillomania.&#10;D) Often accompanied by a worsening of symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Habituation refers to the process where an individual's emotional or physiological response to a stimulus decreases over time with repeated exposure to that stimulus, without the need to perform any compulsive behaviors to reduce anxiety. This concept is often used in exposure therapy for anxiety disorders, including OCD, where the goal is to reduce the individual's anxiety response to specific triggers.

Question 5

Which of the following is not commonly assessed prior to beginning CBT treatment of OCD?&#10;A) Repressed childhood experiences.&#10;B) Obsessional stimuli.&#10;C) Antecedents of compulsive behaviors.&#10;D) Avoidance behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Repressed childhood experiences are not commonly assessed prior to beginning Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). CBT focuses on current thoughts, behaviors, and patterns rather than delving into past experiences or repressed memories.

Question 6

Which of the following is more characteristic of cognitive therapy for OCD than it is for exposure with response prevention?&#10;A) A gradual progression from moderate to more distressing stimuli.&#10;B) A focus on generalization during the final sessions.&#10;C) A combination of in vivo and ex vivo exposure.&#10;D) Use of Socratic questioning to challenge obsessional thoughts.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy for OCD often involves the use of Socratic questioning to challenge and reframe the irrational beliefs and obsessional thoughts that underpin the disorder. This is a distinctive feature compared to exposure with response prevention, which primarily focuses on directly confronting the feared object or situation without performing the compulsive behavior.

Question 7

It is thought that family interaction patterns are unimportant in predicting clinical outcomes in the treatment of OCD.

Accepted Answer

Family interaction patterns are considered important in predicting clinical outcomes in the treatment of OCD, as family dynamics can significantly influence the individual's behavior and response to treatment.

Question 8

Which of the following is a domain of dysfunctional beliefs in OCD?&#10;A) Obsessional thinking&#10;B) Perfectionism/intolerance of uncertainty&#10;C) Insight&#10;D) Hopelessness

Accepted Answer

Perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty are domains of dysfunctional beliefs that can contribute to the maintenance of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). These beliefs can lead individuals to engage in compulsive behaviors in an attempt to manage these intolerances.

Question 9

Which of the following is not true regarding the demographics of OCD?&#10;A) Males predominate over females at a two to one ratio.&#10;B) While onset is often in early adulthood, childhood and adolescent onset is not rare.&#10;C) Mean age of onset is earlier in males.&#10;D) Lifetime prevalence is estimated at somewhere between 0.7% and 2.9%.

Accepted Answer

Males do not predominate over females at a two to one ratio in OCD; the gender distribution is more balanced, and in some studies, females are slightly more affected than males.

Question 10

Which of the following is true regarding the course of OCD?&#10;A) Symptoms will often spontaneously remit even if untreated.&#10;B) If successfully treated, symptoms are likely to never recur.&#10;C) Symptoms are likely to intensify during periods of stress.&#10;D) Functioning, particularly academic or occupational functioning, is rarely affected in the long run.

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are known to intensify during periods of stress, which can exacerbate the condition and make it more challenging to manage.

Question 11

Which interpersonal characteristic has been found to weaken response to cognitive-behavioral treatment in OCD patients?&#10;A) Family members lack of engagement in the patient's treatment&#10;B) Symptom accommodation&#10;C) An enmeshed family&#10;D) Neither of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which interpersonal characteristic has been found to...

Deck 5: Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders